-
Module 4
语法篇
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1.
熟练掌握
for
< br>，
since
在现在完成时中的应用
2.
掌握非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转化
3.
掌握现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时（
3
）
1. for
，
< br>since
在现在完成时中的应用
在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状
语通常由
for
或者
since
引导。
for
< br>后接一段时间，而
since
后多接时间点。
He has been away for two years.
他已离开两年了。
He has
been an English teacher since last time.
自去年以来他一直是英语教师。
2.
非延续性动词
(
又叫短暂性动词、瞬间
动词
)
与延续性动词之间的转化
英语中的动词从动词延续性上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种，在现在完成时中一定要注意动
词这一特征，在和表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词
。
I have had the book for
two weeks.
那本书我买了两个星期了。
My grandfather has been dead for two
years.
我的爷爷去世两年了。
1)
将短暂性动词转化为：
be+<
/p>
形容词或副词
begin/start→be on
come back→be back
open→be open
die→be dead
go
there→be there
come here→be
here
close→be
closed
marry→be
married
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1
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14
< br>页
finish→be
over
leave→be
away
get out→be
out
lose →be lost
如：这家商店开门
6
个小时了。
The shop has opened for 6
hours.(
错误
)
The shop has been open for 6
hours.(
正确
)
go to bed→be in bed
return→be back
fall asleep→be asleep
fall ill→be ill
2)
有些短暂性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词
borrow→keep
become→be
buy→have (own)
receive→have
如：那本书我借了一个月了。
I
have borrowed that book for one month.
(
错误
)
I
have kept that book for one month.
(
正确
)
3.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
两种时态除结构、句式和相搭配的时间状语都不同之外，最重要的就是意义不同。虽然都
发生
在过去，但现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响，而一般过去时与现在没有
任何关系，只
是描述一个发生在过去的事实而已。
I have seen the film .
我看过这部
电影。
（对现在的影响是我了解这部电影的内容）
I saw the film last week.
我上
星期看了这部电影。
（只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在的
情况）
单项选择
1.
（
2019
重庆中考
B
卷）
---
Mi
ss lin has taught us English
we came to this
school?
A. for
B.
since
C.
before
D.
when
put on →wear/be
on
get to
know→know
catch a cold→have
a cold
go to
sleep→sleep
第
2
页
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共
14
页
2.
（
2019
浙江杭州中考）
I
A. will be
B. was
scared of dogs
ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years
old.
C. have been
D. would be
3.
（<
/p>
2019
江苏南京第十八中学月考）
Si
nce 2019
，
Jingmen
has become a new city . Everything
.
B. was changed
C. had changed
D.
has changed
A.
is changed
4.
（
2019
云南昆明中考）
< br>--
Long time no see!
---
Oh! It
A. was
five years since we met
last time.
B.
were
C. has been
D. have
been
the army
.
5.
（
2
019
新疆乌鲁木齐中考）
Mr. Brown
A. has
left
；
joined
his
hometown since he
B. has
been away from
；
has joined
C. has
been away from
；
joined
D. left
；
joined
6.
< br>（
2019
广东中考）
Lei
Feng
for
many years
，
but
his spirit is still encouraging us .
A. died
B. has died
C. was dead
D.
has been dead
解析及答案：
1.
句意：自从我们来到这所学校，
Lin
老师就教我们英
语了。本题考查连词的用法。结合主句和从
句的时态可推断，所缺的连词是
since“
自从；自
…
以
来
”
。故选
B
。
2.
句意：
自从我五岁时被一条狗弄伤之后，
我就一直怕狗。
本题考查
动词时态。
由
ever since a dog hurt
me
可推断，主句要用现在完成时，故选
C
。
3.
句意：自
2019
年以来，荆门已经成为一座新城市，一切都
变了。本题考查动词时态。根据句意
可知要用现在完成时，故选
D
。
4.
句意：
---
好长时间不见了！
---
噢！
自从我们上次见面已经有五年时间了。
根据
since we met last time
，<
/p>
故选
C
。
5.
句意：布朗先生自从参军以来就一直离家在外。根据
since
的用法以及现在完成时中延续性动词
的使用可知，故选
C
。
6.
由空格后的
for many
years
（
许多年）
可知，
句子应用现在完成时态，
且谓语动词应为延续性动词。
< br>die
表示非延续性动词，
排除
A
、
B
两项。
be dead
表示状态，
可与表示一段时间的状语连用，
故选
D
。
基础演练
第
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页
一、选词填空
(
单句选词填空
)
1. We have learned five lessons
(since/for) the beginning of this
term.
2. Mrs. Liao has been
in hospital
(since/for) last
week.
3. I have stayed at my
aunt's
(since/for) two
weeks.
4. Amy has had her
favorite toy
( since/for) three
years.
5. I've had the bear
(since/for) I was a baby.
答案：
1. since
2.
since
3. for
4. for
5. since
二、适当形式填空
(
单句适当形式
)
1. My uncle
(teach) math
since 1986.
2. She
(be) in hospital for two
weeks.
3. They
ever
(hear) of the singer.
4. I
(keep) the bike
for one week.
5. My parents
(not come) back yet.
答案：
1. has taught
2. has been
3.
have
，
heard
4. have kept
5.
haven't come
巩固提高
三、按要求转换句型
1. The
Greens have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
(
对划线部分提问
)
the
Greens
in
Beijing?
2. I have had the
bike for two years. (
用
since<
/p>
改为同义句
)
I have had the bike
.
3. I have had lunch at school.
(
对划线部分提问
)
you
lunch?
4. They
got married three years ago.
(
改为同义句
)
They
married for about three
years.
第
4
< br>页
/
共
14
页
5. They came to this
school in 2019.
(
改为同义句
)
They
this school for two
years.
6. I have been ill
for about three days.
(
对划线部分提问
)
you
been ill?
7. My headache
started two days ago.
(
对划线部分提问
)
your headache
?
答案：
1. How long have
，
lived
2. since two years ago
3. Where have
，
had
4. have been
5. have been in
6. How long
have
7. When did
，
start
四、翻译
(
根据中文提示完成句子
)
1.
我买这辆自行车五年了。
I
the
bike
five
years.
2.
你像现在这样多长时间了
?
How long
you
like this?
3.
---
你曾经过去科学博物馆吗？
---
是的，我去过。
---
you
ever
a
science museum?
---
Yes
，
.
4.
我们已经从我们的卧室里清扫出许多东西。
< br>第
5
页
/
共
14
页
We
out a lot of things from our
bedrooms.
5.
詹姆斯自
从
2019
年就在北京做外教。
James
a foreign teacher in Beijing
2019.
6.
她还没有关掉那台电脑。
She
the computer yet.
7.
从那时起，王先生就一直在这个工厂工作。
，
Mr. Wang has worked in this
factory.
答案：
1. have had
，
for
2.
have
，
been
3. Have
，
been to
，
I have
4. have already
cleared
5. has
been
，
since
6. hasn't turned off
7. Ever
since then
一、单项选择
1.
---
How long
have you had the bike?
A.
C.
Two years ago
Since two years ago
B.
D.
For two years ago
Since two years
2.
---
Jack
，
I haven't
seen your uncle for a long time.
---
He
Shanghai on business for two
months.
A.
went to
B.
has gone to
C.
has been in
D.
has been to
3. Rose came to Beijing in 2019. She
here for eight
years.
A.
was living
B.
live
C.
will live
D.
has lived
第
6
页
/
共
14
页
4.
---
We've
lived here
2019.
---
So you've lived here
about five
years.
A.
since
；
for
B.
for
；
since
C.
for
；
for
D.
since
；
since
5.
---
Oh
，
Jack
，
your MP4 looks nice. Is it
new?
---
No. I
it since two years
ago.
A.
had
B.
bought
C.
have had
D.
have bought
6. She
this book for nearly three
weeks.
A.
has borrowed
B.
has lent
C.
has bought
D.
has kept
7.
---
Have you
studied English for a long time?
---
Yes
，
I have
studied it
.
A.
C.
five years
before
for five years
B.
D.
five years ago
since five years
8.
---
you
Jeremy
Shu
-
How Lin?
---
Yes. The
once
-
nameless young man
became a basketball hero suddenly.
A.
C.
Did
；
hear
Have
；
heard of
B.
D.
Do
；
listen to
Have
；
listened to
9.
---
Would you like to watch
the three
-
D film Titanic
with me ?
---
Certainly. I don't mind seeing it again although I
it twice.
A.
saw
B.
was seen
C.
have seen
D.
had seen
10.
---
When did they
arrive?
---
They
two hours ago. They
here for two
hours.
A.
C.
arrived
；
have arrived
arrived
；
have been
6-10
DCCCC
B.
D.
got
；
have been
reached
；
have reached
答案：
1-5 CCDAC
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页