完整版医学英语词根词缀大全

医学英语词根词缀

Suffix

Meaning

Example

cardiac: pertaining to the heart

-

ac pertaining to

心脏（病）的

属于，关于

medical: pertaining to medicine

-

al pertaining to

molecular: pertaining to a molecule

-

ar pertaining to

分子的

ciliary: pertaining to the cilia pertaining to

-

ary

睫毛的

belonging to ,

纤毛的

,

毛状的

amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar

酶

-

ase enzyme

淀粉酶

follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac

-

cle smallness

< /p>

小囊小

,

少

,< /p>

贫乏

,

小气

,(

头发的

)

毛囊

auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (

仪器

检

-

e an instrument

查耳朵用的

)

耳镜

laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx pertaining to

-

eal

喉的

,

喉音的

phobia: abnormal fear condition; quality

-

ia

恐惧，害怕

toxic: pertaining to toxin pertaining to

-

ic

有毒的；因中毒引起的

paediatrics: study of study of; name of a science

-

ics children, their development

and diseases

儿科学

insulin

：

-

ine/in

substance

物质

substance (hormone) produced by the

islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

胰岛素

alcoholism: excessive drinking process or condition

-

ism of alcohol which

becomes addictive

酒精中毒

pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in one who specializes in

-

ist the

study of drugs

……精通于的人药理专家

rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages inflammation refers to a part in

-

itis

部位的炎症……鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

endometrium: inner lining of the uter

子宫内膜

relation to a whole; related to

-

(i)um

……与相关

antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing

-

ive characterizes by

止咳药

droplet: a tiny drop

小滴

-

let tiny; small

development: thing the result or product of an action

-

ment which develops or is being

developed; action of becoming mature

mucoid: resembling mucus

-

oid resembling; like

粘液样的像

middle

the in structure dense small the centriole: little; small

-

ole

of the centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-

oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-

or/

-

er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to

various stimuli

感受器，受体

-

ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

-

ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some

fruit

果糖

-

osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden

nail

嵌甲

-

ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing

poison

有毒的，分泌毒素的

-

somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid

核糖体

-

um structure; thing; substance magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance

结构，物质

镁（金属元素）

-

y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition

or metabolism

营养不良

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes

Suffix

Meaning

Example

-

algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint

关节痛

--

ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme

蛋白酶

-

blast embryo

胚，胚胎，人类胚胎

hemocytoblast: blast cell

血胚细胞，原始血细胞

-

carcinoma malignant tumor developing from adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing

connective tissue

相关组织的恶性

from glandular tissue

腺癌

肿瘤

-

cele protrusion; distention

突出；膨胀，

esophagocele: abnormal distention of the

延伸

esophagus

食管突出

-

centesis surgical puncture

手术穿孔

paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the

aspiration of fluid

穿刺术

-

capnia carbon dioxide

二氧化碳

acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide

血液二氧化碳缺乏

-

cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs

杀菌剂

-

clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,

which can surround and destroy other cells

噬菌细胞

-

dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue

舌痛

-

ectasia/ expansion; dilation(

膨胀，扩张

) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at

-

ectasis birth

肺不张

-

ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach

胃切除术

thyroid

the when caused condition yxoedema: mserous of accumulation excessive

-

edema

fluid

水肿

gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone

粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿

blood condition

leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where

-

emia

an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the

blood

白血病

vomiting

呕吐

hematemesis: the vomiting of blood

咯血；吐血

-

emesis

something that produced

or pathogen: a microorganism

-

gen or agent capable of

prouduces

producing disease

病菌，病原体

production

生产

spermatogenesis: formation and development

-

genesis of

spermatozoa in the testes

精子发生

protein

蛋白质

hemoglobin:

-

globin an iron

-

containing protein produced

by erythrocytes

血红素

knowledge

diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or

-

gnosis

presence of a disease through knowledge and

examination

image; picture

electrocardiogram: a graphic

-

gram record of the

electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat

used in the diagnosis of heart disease.

Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram

心电图

process of recording electocardiography: the process

-

graph(y)

of making or

记录过程

recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography

心电图记录

condition; state cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones

胆石症

-

iasis

情况，状况

healing,

-

iatry/ frequently refers to a podiatry: treatment of foot disorders

branch

-

iatrics of medicine

康复，常指医足部医疗

学的一个分支

stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed

-

lith in the

gallbladder

胆结石

the study of cytology: the science study of cells

-

logy

细胞学

one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who

-

logist specializes in the

practice of urology

泌尿科医生

breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of

-

lysis red

blood cells with release of hemoglobin

溶血

softening osteomalacia: softening of bone

骨软化

-

malacia

extreme

-

mania compulsion or kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion

preoccupation

强迫症

to steal

盗窃癖

giant acromegaly:

-

megaly

a condition in which there is an

enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of

the lungs

肢端肥大症

measurement spirometry:

-

metry/ measurement of the volume of air

inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity

-

meter

of the

)

法

(

呼吸量 测定

),

法

(

量测定

)

活

(

肺

lungs

-

odynia cardiodynia: pain in the heart region

心痛，胸痛

pain

荷尔蒙，激素

hormonewhich

-

one

regulates calcium balance parathormone:

among the blood, bones, and teeth

甲状旁腺激素

myopia: being short

-

sighted

近视

-

opia a defect in

the eye

眼睛的毛病

microscopic

tissue for

-

opsy to view biopsy: excision of live

diagnosis

活检

sclerosis: abnormal hardening

硬化症

-

osis morbid condition

病态的

嗅觉丧失

smell

-

osmia anosmia: loss of the sense of smellopening

an opening into gastrostomy: surgical construction of

-

ostomy process of making an

from the surface of the abdomen into the stomachor a connection between

胃造口术造瘘

hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in

-

oxia level of oxygen

氧水平

组织缺氧

body tissues disease; diseased condition

-

pathy

ophthalmopathy: any eye disease

眼病

leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.

-

penia deficiency

Syn. leukocytopenia

白细胞减少症

-

pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion

消化良好肝

--

pexy a

fixing or setting firmly in place by hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver suturing

缝合固定

固定术

吃，吞咽

dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing

吞咽困难

-

phagia/phageating; swallowing

y

cell

blood or white

吸引，具有吸引力的事物

basophil:

type of leucocyte

-

phil attraction

嗜碱性粒细

胞

which contains granules

对外国人

of strangers

-

phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear

的恐惧，憎恶

of

or enlargement

-

plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment

增生，数量型肥大

an organ or tissue

发声困难

-

phonia voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking

cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cellgrowth or substance of

细胞浆

-

plasm formation;

formation

骨整形术，

-

plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone

骨成形术

中风

thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke

热射病

--

plegia stroke; paralysis

呼吸正常，平静呼吸

breathing eupnea: normal breathing

-

pnea

hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the livera falling, the dropping or sagging of

--

ptosis

肝下垂

an organ

器官下移咳

;melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen

黑色痰液分散

-

ptysis spitting

黑痰造血作

production cells of blood

-

poiesis production hemopoiesis:

用，生血作用

during heavy

出血

-

rrhage/ bursting forth of blood

menorrhagia: very bleeding

-

rrhagia

月经过多

menstruation

脾修补术

surgical sewing or suturing

-

rrhaphy splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen

液溢

hydrorrhea: