工程英语阅读理解

还有一个优势是钢不会在混凝土中生

锈。酸腐蚀钢筋，但混凝土有碱性化 学反应，与酸相反，不会锈蚀。

184. Steel and concrete have

C

.

钢铁和混凝土几乎具有相同的收缩和膨胀速度

A. different rate of contraction

B. different rate of expansion

C. almost the same rate of contraction and expansion

185. Reinforced concrete is

A

.

钢筋混凝土是将钢筋嵌入混凝土梁中

A. steel rods which are embedded in concrete beams

B. concrete which is embedded in steel rods

C. steel rods which react with concrete

186. Which of the following is true?

C

A. steel can rust in concrete

B. concrete can corrode steel

C. steel does not rust in concrete

钢筋在混凝土中不会生锈。

187. Concrete has

B

.

混凝土有碱性化学反应，与酸相反。

A. some kind of chemical that corrodes steel

B. an alkaline chemical reaction, the opposite of acid

C. some kind of acid

Passage Four

The employer or promoter of civil engineering works normally determines the conditions of

contract, which define the obligations and performances by some form of competitive tendering

and any contractor who submits a successful tender and subsequently enters into a contract is

deemed in law to have voluntarily accepted the conditions of contract adopted by the promoter.

The obligations that a contractor accepts when he submits a tender are determined by the

form of the invitation to tender. In most cases the tender may be withdrawn at any time until it

has been accepted and may, even then, be withdrawn if the acceptance is stated by the promoter

to be

‘

subject to formal contract

’

as is often the case.

土木工程的雇主或发包人通常确定合同条款，

合同 条款通过某种形式的竞争性投标确定责

任和履行义务，

任何承包 商提交中标并随后进入合同在法律上认为，

合同是自愿接受发包人

采用的合同条件的

承包商在提交投标书时接受的义务由招标书的形式确定。在大 多数情况下，投标书可

能随时撤回，直到它被接受，即使如此，如果发包人表示接受是< /p>

受正式合同约束

，则也可

以撤回投标

188. The conditions of contract are normally determined by

C

.

合同条款时由发包人确定的

A. the government official

B. the contractor

C. the promoter

（发包人）

189. This conditions define the obligations and performances to which ___C___ will be subject.

这些条款明确了合同将要履行的各项责任和义务

A. the employer

B. the official

C. the contractor

190.

The

obligations

that

___C___

accepts

when

he

submits

a

tender

are

determined

by

the

form of the invitation to the tender.

承包人在提交标书时，他所应负的责任是要邀标书中所规定的

A. the employer

B. the auditor

C. the contractor

191. In most cases the tender may be withdrawn at any time until

B

.

在大多数情况下，投标书可能随时撤回，直到它被接受

A. the promoter has enough money

B. it has been accepted

C. the tender approved by the government

Passage Five

Materials are usually described as

‘

rock

’

,

‘

loose rock

’

, or

‘

common

’

（土壤、公地）

, with

‘

common

’

signifying all material not otherwise classified. Rock, sometimes called

‘

solid rock

’

,

nearly always must be drilled and blasted, then loaded with a front-end loader or power shovel

into trucks or other hauling units. Blasted rock may be moved or drifted for short distances by

means of a bulldozer, which is, in effect, a huge tractor-mounted blade. Loose rock often is dug

with loaders or shovels without any previous blasting.

材料通常被描述为

岩石

，

松散岩石

< br>或

土壤

，用

土壤

之所 有无法分类的材料。

岩石，有时被称为

固体岩石

，几乎总是必须钻孔和爆破，然后再用前卸式挖掘装载 机或

电动挖掘机将其装载到卡车或其他运输工具上。

爆破的岩石 可以通过推土机移动或短距离

移动，

推土机实际上是一个大型拖 拉机安装了大型推板。

松散的岩石通常用装载机或电铲

挖掘，无 需任何以前的爆破

192. According to the passage, which material signifying all material not otherwise classified.

B

根据文章，哪种材料属于无法进行另外的分类的单一类型材料

?

A. loose rock

B. common

C. rock

193. Which of the following is NOT true?

B

下面描述哪个属于不真实的？

A. rock, is sometimes called

‘

solid rock

’

B. rock, is sometimes called

‘

loose rock

’

岩石，有时称作疏松岩

C. rock, is usually called

‘

hard rock

194. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

B

下列哪个是真实的？

A. loose rock nearly always must be drilled and blasted

B. loose rock is often dug without any previous blasting

疏松岩通常无需爆破而直接挖掘

C. blasted rock may be moved for long distances by bikes

195. Loose rock often is dug with ___B___ without any previous blasting.

疏松岩常采用装载机或电铲挖掘。

A. track or ripper

B. loaders or shovels

C. roller or bulldozer

Passage Six

In the university, mathematics, physics, and chemistry are heavily emphasized throughout

the

engineering

curriculum,

but

particularly

in

the

first

two

or

three

years.

Mathematics

is

very

important in all branches of engineering, so it is greatly stressed.

Today,

mathematics

includes

courses

in

statistics,

which

deals

with

gathering,

classifying,

and

using

numerical

data, or pieces of information. An important aspect of statistical mathematics is probability,

which

deals

with

what

may

happen

when

there

are

different

factors,

or

variables,

that

can

change

the

results

of

a

problem.

Before

the

construction

of

a

bridge

is

undertaken,

for

example, a statistical study

is made of the amount of traffic the bridge will be expected to

handle.

In

the

design

of

the

bridge,

variables

such

as

water

pressure

on

the

foundations,

impact, the effects of different wind forces, and many other factors must be considered.

在综合性大学里，

数学、

物理和化学在 整个工程课程中受到重视，

特别是在前两三年。

数学在工程的所 有分支中都非常重要，因此受到很大的压力（重视）

。今天，数学包括

< br>统计课程，

这些课程涉及收集、

分类和使用数字数据或信 息片段。

统计数学的一个重要

方面是概率，

它处理当存在可能改变问题结果的不同因素或变量时可能发生的情况。

例