大学英语4theacydefender课文翻译教学总结

2021年3月1日发(作者：静如脱兔)

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They

say

that

pride

comes

before

a

fall.

In

the

case

of

both

Napoleon

and

Hitler,

the

many

victories

they

enjoyed

led

them

to

believe

that

anything

was

possible,

th

at

nothing

could

stand

in

their

way.

Russia's

icy

defender

was

to

prove

them

wron

g.

人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特 勒两人来说吧，

他们所向披靡，

便以为自己战无不

胜，不可阻挡。但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

The

Icy

Defender

Nila

B.

Smith

1

In

1812,

Napoleon

Bonaparte,

Emperor

of

the

French,

led

his

Grand

Army

in

to

Russia.

He

was

prepared

for

the

fierce

resistance

of

the

Russian

people

defendi

ng

their

homeland.

He

was

prepared

for

the

long

march

across

Russian

soil

to

Mo

scow,

the

capital

city.

But

he

was

not

prepared

for

the

devastating

enemy

that

met

him

in

Moscow

--

the

raw,

bitter,

bleak

Russian

winter.

冰雪卫士

奈拉

·

B·

史密斯

1812

年，

法国皇帝拿破仑

·

波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

他准备好俄罗斯人 民会为保卫祖

国而奋勇抵抗。

他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要 经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。

但他

没有料到在莫斯科他会 遭遇劲敌

—

俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。

2

In

1941,

Adolf

Hitler,

leader

of

Nazi

Germany,

launched

an

attack

against

th

e

Soviet

Union,

as

Russia

then

was

called.

Hitler's

military

might

was

unequaled.

H

is

war

machine

had

mowed

down

resistance

in

most

of

Europe.

Hitler

expected

a

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short

campaign

but,

like

Napoleon

before

him,

was

taught

a

painful

lesson.

The

Ru

ssian

winter

again

came

to

the

aid

of

the

Soviet

soldiers.

< p>
1941

年，

纳粹德国元首阿道夫

·

希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。

希特勒的军事 实

力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但 是，

就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，

他得到的是痛苦的教训。

仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一

臂之力。

Napoleon's

Campaign

3

In

the

spring

of

1812,

Napoleon

assembled

an

army

of

six

hundred

thousan

d

men

on

the

borders

of

Russia.

The

soldiers

were

well

trained,

efficient,

and

well

equipped.

This

military

force

was

called

the

Grand

Army.

Napoleon,

confident

of

a

quick

victory,

predicted

the

conquest

of

Russia

in

five

weeks.

拿破仑发起的战役

1812

年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯 兵

60

万。这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备

< p>
精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在

5

个星期内攻下俄国。

4

Shortly

afterwards,

Napoleon's

army

crossed

the

Neman

River

into

Russia.

T

he

quick,

decisive

victory

that

Napoleon

expected

never

happened.

To

his

surprise,

the

Russians

refused

to

stand

and

fight.

Instead,

they

retreated

eastward,

burning

their

crops

and

homes

as

they

went.

The

Grand

Army

followed,

but

its

advance

march

soon

became

bogged

down

by

slow-moving

supply

lines.

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不久，

拿 破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。

拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。

令

他吃惊的是，俄国人并不奋起抵抗。相反，他们一路东撤，沿途焚毁庄稼和 民居。大军紧追

不舍，但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。

5

In

August,

the

French

and

Russian

armies

engaged

at

Smolensk,

in

a

battle

that

left

over

ten

thousand

dead

on

each

side.

Yet,

the

Russians

were

again

able

to

retreat

farther

into

Russian

territory.

Napoleon

had

won

no

decisive

victory.

He

was

now

faced

with

a

crucial

decision.

Should

he

continue

to

pursue

the

Russian

army?

Or

should

he

keep

his

army

in

Smolensk

for

the

approaching

winter?

< br>到了

8

月，法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战，这一战役中，双 方各有上万人阵亡。可是，俄国人仍能在

自己的国土上继续后撤。

拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。

此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。

是继

续追击俄国军队，还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那儿度过将到的冬天

< p>
?

6

Napoleon

took

the

gamble

of

pressing

on

to

Moscow,

448

kilometers

away.

On

September

7,

1812,

the

French

and

Russian

armies

met

in

fierce

battle

at

Bor

odino,

112

kilometers

west

of

Moscow.

By

nightfall,

thirty

thousand

French

and

fort

y-four

thousand

Russians

lay

dead

or

wounded

on

the

battlefield.

拿破仑孤注一掷，决定向远在

448

公里之 外的莫斯科进发。

1812

年

9

月

7

日，法俄两

军在 莫斯科以西

112

公里外的鲍罗季诺激战。

夜幕降临时，

3

万名法国士兵以及

4.4

万名俄

国士兵或伤或亡，倒在了战场上。

7

Again,

the

Russian

army

retreated

to

safety.

Napoleon

had

a

clear

path

to

Moscow,

but

the

occupation

of

the

city

became

an

empty

victory.

The

Russians

fle

d

their

capital.

Soon

after

the

French

arrived,

a

raging

fire

destroyed

two-thirds

of

t

he

city.

Napoleon

offered

a

truce

to

Alexander

I,

but

the

Russian

czar

knew

he

co

uld

bide

his

time:

shall

let

the

Russian

winter

fight

the

war

for

us.

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俄国军队再次撤往安全之处。

拿破仑顺利进入莫斯科，

然而，

对该市的占 领成为毫无意

义的胜利。俄国人弃城而走。法国人进城不久，一场熊熊大火烧毁了整个城 市的三分之二。

拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战，但沙皇深知他可以等待时机：

“

且让俄罗斯的严冬为我们

战斗吧。

< p>
”

8

Napoleon

soon

realized

he

could

not

feed,

clothe,

and

quarter

his

army

in

M

oscow

during

the

winter.

In

October

1812,

he

ordered

his

Grand

Army

to

retreat

fr

om

Moscow.

拿破仑很快意识到，

他无法在冬天向远在莫斯科的军队供应粮草、

提供御寒衣物和宿营

< p>
之地。

1812

年

10< /p>

月，他命令大军撤出莫斯科。

9

The

French

retreat

turned

into

a

nightmare.

From

fields

and

forests,

the

Russians

launch

ed

hit-and-run

attacks

on

the

French.

A

short

distance

from

Moscow,

the

temperature

had

already

dropped

to

minus

4

degrees

Celsius.

On

November

3,

the

winter's

first

snow

cam

e.

Exhausted

horses

fell

dead

in

their

tracks.

Cannon

became

stuck

in

the

snow.

Equipme

nt

had

to

be

burned

for

fuel.

Soldiers

took

ill

and

froze

to

death.

The

French

soldiers

dra

gged

on,

leaving

the

dead

along

every

mile.

法军的撤离成为一场噩梦。

俄国人出没于田野与森林，

采用 打了就跑的战术，

向法国人

发起攻击。刚出莫斯科城，气温就降 到摄氏零下

4

度。

11

月

3

日降下初雪。困乏的马匹倒

地而死。大炮陷入雪中。

装备只得被用作燃料焚烧。士兵们染病冻死。

法国士兵拖着脚步行

进，一路上留下无数死尸。

10

As

the

Russian

army

was

gathering

its

strength,

the

French

had

to

flee

Russia

to

avoid

certain

defeat.

At

the

Berezina

River,

the

Russians

nearly

trapped

the

retreating

Fren

ch

by

burning

the

bridges

over

the

swollen

river.

But

Napoleon,

by

a

stroke

of

luck,

was

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