修辞手法解释及例句

1.

Simile

明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对 比。

这种共性存在于人们的心里

,

而不 是事物的自然属性

.

。

标志词常用

like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as

等

.

例如

:

1>

I wandered lonely as a cloud.

2>. Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2.

Metaphor

隐喻

,

暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻

,

是通过比较形式，将 某一事物的名称用于另一事物。

例如

:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some

books

are

to

be

tasted,

others

swallowed,

and

some

few

to

be

chewed

and

digested.

my

借喻

,

转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物

,

而使用另一 个与之相关的事物名称

.

I.

以容 器代替内容

,

例如

:

1>.The kettle boils.

水开了

.

2>.The room sat silent.

全屋人安静地坐着

.

II.

以资料、工具代替事物的名称

,

例如< /p>

:

Lend me your ears, please.

请听我说

.

III.

以作者代替作品

,

例如

:

a complete Shakespeare

莎士比亚全集

IV.

以 具体事物代替抽象概念

,

例如

:

I

had

the

muscle,

and

they

made

money

out

of

it.

我有力气

,

他们就用我的力气赚钱

.

oche

提喻

提喻用部分代替全体

,

或用全体代替部分

,

或特 殊代替一般

.

例如

:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(

部分代整体

)

他的厂 里约有

100

名工人

.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(

特殊代一般

)

他是本世纪的牛顿

.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.

（整体代部分）

这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配

.

4>. Johnny Carson has much to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.

Organ (tongue)

→

Speaking speed

1

5. Personification

拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物

.

例如

:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.

（把夜拟人化）

2>.I

was

very

happy

and

could

hear

the

birds

singing

in

the

woods.

（把鸟拟人化）

ole

夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达

强调

的目的

.

它可 以加强语势

,

增加表达效果。

例如

:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.

2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.

3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.

elism

排比

,

平行

这种修 辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似

,

意思相关

,

语气一致的短语

.

句子排

列成串

,

形成一个整体

.

例如

:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;

no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.

2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last

of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I

summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

ism

委婉

,

婉辞法

婉辞法指用委婉

,

文雅的方法表达粗恶

,

避讳的话

.

例如

:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary.

他出去方便一下

.

2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate.

他与妻子关系不融洽

.

3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.

（去世）

反语

反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思 的作文方式

.

如在指责过失、错误时

,

用赞同过失的说法

,

而在表扬时

,

则近乎责难的说法

.

例如

:

1>.It

would

be

a

fine

thing

indeed

not

knowing

what

time

it

was

in

the

morning.

早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事 啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）

2>

双关

双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重 含义

,

借题发挥，作出多种解释

,

旁敲侧击

,

从而达到意想

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