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动词与副词

作者:高考题库网
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2021-02-28 20:56
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2021年2月28日发(作者:化学信息学)

























中考复 习


-------


动词和副词



动词




一定要记牢动词的现在分词,过去式,过去分词





系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。 只需注意的是系动词除了


be


的形式之外,还有


become



get



grow



turn



sound



look

< p>


smell



tast e


等,它们不能单独作谓语


,


必须和作 表语的词语


(


如形容词


,


名词等


)


连用


,



以 用的时候,可要小心为是呀!如:


It smells delicious.(


它闻起来味道很美


)



delicious


是形容词,不是副词。






情态动 词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。


must



need


几乎是每年的必考题,这里我们重点讲


一下。




must

< br>的意思是



应当,


必须

< p>



侧重于说话者的主观看法,

没有时态变化,


其否定式是


mustn't





的疑问句中,

< p>
须注意的是其否定回答常用


needn't



如:


Must I go?(


我一定要走吗


?)



No,you needn't.(


不,


不必。


)






need


意为



需要



。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。 作实义动词时,


need


后跟名词,


动 名词,


或不定式。


如:


I need to go. (


我得走了。


)


作情 态动词时,


后跟动词原形。


如:


You needn't


come tomorrow if you are busy. (


如果你忙,明天就不必来了。


)





实意动词:



实意动词可谓家族兴旺, 人员众多。我们跑


(run)


,我们跳


(jump)


,我们笑


(laugh)


,这些都得


用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不 定式时意义有所不同。







stop


:这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋,到底什么时候加


to do


,什么时候加






doing


?


两者意义又有什么不同呢


?O K, Come with me.


看下面两个句子。






When the teacher came in, they stopped to read.





When the teacher came in, they stopped talking.




< p>
第一句的意思是



当老师进来时,他们停下来开始读 书



。而第二句的意思是




老师进来时,他们停止了


说话



。所以


stop to do sth


表示



停止正在做的事情去干另一件事



。而


stop doing


表示



中断正在做的某事




现在明白了吗


?






for get



remember



regret


这三个词用法基本相同,只要记住


+doing


表示



事情已经做过




+to do


表示


< /p>


事情还未做



就可以了。

< br>forget to do


忘记要去做某事。


(


未做


)



forget doing


忘记做过某事。

< br>(


已做


)


如:


The light


is still on. He forgot to turn it off.


灯还在亮着,


他忘记关了。



(


没有做关灯的动作


)





He forgot turning the


light off.


他忘记他已经关了灯了。


(


已做过关灯的动作


)



感官动词:


see,watch,


notice,look


at,hear,listen


to,smell,taste,feel




+do


表示动作的完整性,真实性



+doing


表示动作的连续性,进行性。如:


I saw him work in the garden yesterday.


昨天我看见他在花园 里干活


了。


(


强调


我看见了



这个事实


) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.


(强调



我见他正干活



这个动作)昨


天我见他正在花园里干活。


副词





1


一般认为形容词


+ly


就变成了副词,如形容词


quick


加上


-ly


变成副词


q uickly



但是象


friendl y , lovely


虽然以



ly


结尾,


但实则是形容词,


She is friendly to me (



对我很友好。

< p>
)


可千万不要误认为是副词哟!






副词可 修饰动词、形容词和副词,这些用法相信大家已经掌握。那我们挑选一下易混、易用错的来详细

< br>讲解一下。







already




yet







Where is Tom? He hasn't come yet. But Jack is already here .


这句话中又是



already


,又有


yet


,是怎么回事

< br>吗?原来


already



ye t


意思虽然相同,但用法有点小区别。表示事情早已发生或提前发生用

< br>


already


,一般


放于句 中,用于肯定句和疑问句。含有


already


的肯定句,变为 否定句时,要将


already


变为


yet


,且放在句


尾。


yet


表示预料要发生的事未发生,位于句尾,一般用于否定句和疑问句中。








还迷糊吗?再迷糊,只好再看一看上面的例句喽。






hard




hardly






hard



hardly

< p>
两者虽然只有


-ly


之差,意义却大不相同。


hard


表示



辛苦 ,使劲,努力,



如:


He






works very hard.(


他学习非常努力。


)



hardly


为否定副词,


表示



几乎不



< p>
如:


The box is so heavy that he could


hardly carry it .


(这箱子是 那么沉,他几乎搬不动。







ago




before







ago


不能单独使用,应与


three


days


(months


,


weeks)


等连用


,


而且和动词的过去时连用。如:



I


met


my


neighbour an hour ago. Before


之前有


< p>
一段时间



时,




距这段时间以前




和过去完成时连用。


如:


He said he


had finished the work two days befor e.


(他说他两天前已完成了工作。




如果


before


单独使用,是泛指< /p>



以前




常常和完成时连用。如:


I have seen the film before.


(我以前没看过这部电影。


< br>





farther




further:





far


有两种比较级,

< p>
farther



further.


在英语中两者都可指距离。如:



He runs farther than she does.


(他比

她跑得远。


)在美语中,


farther


表示距离,


further


表示进一步。



如:



I have nothing further to say.


(我没什么


要说的了。






练习:




1. The teacher was very angry and decided to send ______school, so he wasn't a student any longer.





A. away him from





B. him away from the





C. away him out of





D. him away from




2. _______, he didn't fail in the English exam.




2




A. Luck





B. Lucky





C. Luckily





D. Luckly




3.



Are you feeling ____?







Yes



I'm fine now.





A. any well





better





good





better




4. The more we looked at the picture, _________.





A. the less we liked it





B. we like it less





C. better we like it





D. it looked better




5. After the new machine was introduced



the factory produced ___ shoes in 1988 as the year before.




A. as twice many





B. as many twice





C. twice as many





D. twice many as




6. Our English needs to be______improved.





A. farther





B. farthest





C. further





D. far




7. What a pity! Lucy ran _______ more slowly than Lily.





A. a few



B. much C. a little D. little



8. He is running _______now.





A. more slowly and more slowly





B. slowlier and slowlier





C. more and more slowly



D. slowly and slowly




9. Last night my father went back _________later than before.




3





A. quite




B. very




C. even




D. much more






sick man was too thin to go any _______.





A. far




B. farther




C. further D. farthest


1. The answer is nice and soft. Shall I ______the shopkeeper if I can try it on?





A. ask















B. answer





C. speak













D. tell




2. Tickets, please. May I ______your ticket please, madam?





A. show






B. watch





C. find









3. It's not good to ______when you are waiting for a bus.





A. stand in line





B. get on well





C. jump the queue





D. wait for your turn




4. It's hard to count the monkeys, they're running and jumping__________.





A. at times





B. all the time



C. more or less




D. right away



5. I'm sorry, we've _______the shoes in your size.





A. paid for




B. put on




C. sold out





D. put away




6. Weihua's pen was________, so she needed a new one.





A. broken








B. long











C. cheap








D. here




7. You can often buy things from their shop _______home.





A. of the way




B. by the way




C. another way of




D. on your way




8. The teacher in the school library is very________. You must return your library book on time!





A. kind








B. lonely





C. strict












D. polite




9. Thanks to man-make satellite, the world itself is becoming a much smaller_____.





A. space





B. place




C. room




D. universe




10. I like the sweater, but it ________too much.





A. uses







B. takes





C. costs





D. spends




11. Father Christmas lands on top of _______house and climbs down the chimney into the fire-place.




A. each








B. all




C. either




D. both




12. The ice is very thin. It's _______dangerous _____walk on it.




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