-
词性变化
(
形容词
-<
/p>
副词
-
转化
)
三．
will, be going to …, be
to…, be about to…
的区别
going
to
+
不定式，表示将来。表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。<
/p>
be going to
和
will
相比，
be going to
通常表示主
观，
will
通常表示客观。
What are you going to do
tomorrow?
明天你要做什么？
Look at the dark clouds,
there is going to be a storm.
看看这些黑云，将有一场暴风雨。
It’s going to be a fine day
tomorrow.
明天将会是个好天。
It is going to rain.
要下雨了。
2.“be
to+
动词原形
”
表示按
计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。这种结构表示计划中约定的或
按职责、义务要求必须去
做的事或即将发生的动作。
We
are to have a meeting next Saturday.
下个周日我们有个会。
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
这个男孩明天要去上学。
Are we to go on with this work?
我们继续干吗？
The president is to visit China next
week.
总统下周来访中国。
3.“be about to+
动词原形
”
表示即将发生的动作，
意为：
很
快，
马上。
后面一般不跟时间状语。
这
一结构用于表示客观就要发生的事，表示马上就要发生。一般不再与时间状语连用。
Don’t go out. We’re about to have a
meeting.
别出去了
,
我们很
快就开会了。
I was about to start
when it began to
rain.
我刚要出发就下起雨来了。
He is about to leave for
Shenyang.
他将要离开去沈阳。
We are about to leave.
我们马上就走。
The film
is about to begin.
电影马上就要开始了。
四．注意事项
1. be
about to
不能与
tomorrow, next
week
等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
2. Let’s
…
的附加疑问通常使用
“…, shall we
?”
。
Let’s have a rest, shall we?
3.
问句是
“Shall…?”
，答句就用
“shall
~”
；问句用
“Will …
？
”
，答句就用
“will ~
”
。要前后保持
一致。
Shall you go to school next
week ?
Yes, I shall . We’ll
have an exam .
Will you have an exam tomorrow?
Yes, I will. / No, I
won’t.
简析
also,
too, as well
和
either
用法
also, too, as well, eit
her,
作
“
也
”
讲，为副词。下面分别讲述：
一
. too, also, as
well
：都用于肯定句，表示前者怎样后者也怎样。
too
：一般放在句尾，可用逗号和前面的句子隔开，也可不用；
also
：其位置大多放在
be
动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前；
as… well
：其位置一般放在句尾，三者可以作同义句转
换。例如：
You need to go
shopping and I need to go shopping, too.
=You need to go shopping and I also
need to go shopping.
=You need to go
shopping and I need to go shopping as well.
二
. either
：用于否定句中，
表示前者不
……
，后者也不
……
，其位置一般放在句尾。例如：
He
doesn”t want any coffee, and I don”t want any,
either.
1 / 6
词性变
化
(
形容词
-
副词
-
转化
)
You don”t know the way and I
don”t
know it, either.
〔巩固训练〕
1. He is
_____saying,“I don”t want any bread,
____
A. too, also B. also,
tooC. either, too D. also, either
2. I
__ study English and Russian .A. too B. also C.
either D. as well
3. Not only the
children but ___their father is in town.A. too B.
also C. either D. as well
4. John ___
believes that bears hibernate in
winter________________.
A.
also, either B. too, as well
C. also, as well
D. as well, too
5. The
foreigner can speak English, he can speak French
_______.
A. neither B. also C. either
D. as well
【参考答案】
1.
D 2. B 3. B 4.
C 5. D
动词变名词
1.
在词尾加
er,r
,
双写加
er
或
or:
A. play _ player, sing _ singer, wait _
waiter , find _ finder,
thrill _ thriller
B. write _ writer, drive _ driver, come
_ comer, explore _ explorer
dance _ dancer
C. run _ runner, win _ winner, rob _
robber, traval _ travaller
D. visit _ visitor, invent _ inventor
2.
在词尾加
ing:
build _ building, draw _ drawing, end _
ending, begin _ beginning,
swim _ swimming
，
skate _ skating, feel _ feeling, say _
saying,
mean _ meaning,
cross _ crossing
，
surf _ surfing, paint _ painting
3.
在词尾加
ion
或去
e
加
ion:
A. decide _ decision,
describe _ description, produce _ production,
celebrate _
celebration,pronounce _ pronunciation, decorate _
decoration
graduate _
graduation,frustrate - frustration,pollute _
pollution
contribute _
contribution, congratulate _ congratulation,
2 / 6
词性变化
(
形容词
-
副词
-
转化
)
educate _
education
，
organize _
orgnization,donate _ donation,
appreciate _
appreciation
，
operate _
operation, invite _ invitation
B. discuss _ discussion, invent _
invention, attract _ attraction
impress _ impression,inject _
injection,instruct _ instruction
4.
其它：
know _ knowledge, please _ pleasure,
enjoy _ enjoyment,
practise
_ practice
，
die _
death, succeed _ success, weigh _ weight,
sit _ deat, change _
chance
，
enter _ entrance,fly
_ flight,
rob _ robbery,
discover _ discovery
，
faile _
failure,appear _ appearance,
breathe _ breath
动词变形容词
第一，后面加
able
，
affo
rd
－
affordable
；以
e
结尾的动词则去
e
加
able
，
love
－
lovable
：表
示具
有此性质、特点或属性。
第二，后
面加
ed
，
scatter
－
scattered
；以
e
结尾的动词则直接加
d
，
use
－
used
：表
示被动性
的属性或特点。
第三，不规则的动词则必须记忆，记住其过去分词形式规律不大，意义同上。
第四，后面加
ing
，
run
－
runni
ng
，
die
－
dying
，变为现在分词形式，有的去
e
< br>加
ing
，有的双
写加
ing
，有的改为
y
加
ing
，规律同现在分词，表示有正在主动的进行的属性或特点
。
1.
词尾加
ful:
use - useful, care -
careful, help - helpful,thank - thankful
peace - peaceful, forget -
forgetful, play - playful,
succeed - successful, wonder -
wonderful
2.
词尾加<
/p>
d
或
ed:
please - pleased, unite - united,
excite - excited,
surprise
- surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,
wound - wounded, relax -
relaxed,develop - developed,
appreciate - appreciated,frustrate -
frustrated,
interest -
interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used,
frighten - frightened,
crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled,
pollute - polluted
3 / 6