-
1. with+
宾语
+
形容词。比如：
.
The
boy
wore
a
shirt
with
the
neck
open,
showing
his
bare
chest.
那男孩儿穿着
一件
衬衫
，颈部敞开，露出光光的胸膛。
Don’t talk with
your mouth
full.
嘴里有食物时不要讲话。
2.
with+
宾语<
/p>
+
副词。
比如：
She followed
the guide with
her head down.
她低着头，
跟在
导游
之后。
What a lonely world it will be
with you away.
你不
在，
多没劲儿呀！
3.
with+
宾语
+
过去分词
。
比如：
He
was listening to the music with his
eyes
half
closed.
他
眼睛
半闭着听音乐。
She
sat
with
her
head
bent.
她低着头坐着。
4.
with+
宾语
+
现在分词
。比如：
With winter coming, it’s time to buy
warm clothes.
冬天
到了，
该买些保暖的衣服了。
He soon fell
asleep with the light still burning.
他很
快就睡着了，
（可）
灯还亮着。
5.
with+
宾语<
/p>
+
介词短语
。
比
如：
He was asleep with his
head on his arms.
他的头枕在臂膀上睡着了。
The
young lady came in, with her two- year-old son in
her arms.
那
位年轻的女士进来了，怀里抱着两岁的
孩子。
6.
with
+
宾语
+
动词不定式
< br>。比如：
With
nothing to do in the afternoon, I went
to see a film.
下午无事可做，我就去看了场
电影
。
Sorry,
I
can’t
go
out
with
all
these
dishes
to
wash.
很抱歉，有这么多盘子要洗，我不能出去。
7.
with+
宾语<
/p>
+
名词。比如：
He died with his daughter yet a school-
girl.
他去逝时，女儿还
是个小学生。
He lived a luxurious life, with his
old father a beggar .
他过着奢侈的生活，而他
的老父亲却沿街乞讨。
(8)With so much work to
do ,I can't go swimming with you.
(9)She stood at the door,with her back
towards us.
(10)He entered the
room,with his nose red with cold.
with<
/p>
复合结构与分词做状语有啥区别
[
标签：
with
,
复合结构
,
分词状语
]
Ciro
Ferrara
2009-10-18 16:17
主要是分词形式与主语的关系
满意答案
好评率：
100%
with
结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、
不定式复合结构、
动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。
本文就
此的构成、
特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，<
/p>
以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知
识。
一、
with
结构的构成
它是由介词
with
或
without+
复合结构构成，复合结构作介词<
/p>
with
或
without
的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补
足语由
形容词、
副词、
介词短语、
动词不定式
或分词充当，
分词可以是现在分词，
也可以是过去分词。
With
结构构成方式如下：
1. with
< br>或
without-
名词
/
代词
+
形容词；
例句：
He is used to sleeping
with the windows open.
2. with
或
without-<
/p>
名词
/
代词
+<
/p>
副词；
例句：
She left the room with
all the lights on.
3. with
或
without-<
/p>
名词
/
代词
+<
/p>
介词短语；
例句：
He walked
into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
4. with
< br>或
without-
名词
/
代词
+
动词不定式；
例句：
With so much
work to do, I have no time for a holiday.
5. with
< br>或
without-
名词
/
代词
+
分词。
例句：
We
found
the
house
easily
with
the
little
boy
leading
the <
/p>
way.(
现
在分词表示主动动作，即分
词所表示的动作是由
with
后的宾语发出来的
)
With all
the things she needed bought, she went home happil
y.(
过去
分词表示被动，
with<
/p>
后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系
)
6. without+
名词
/
代词
+
补语
例句：
Possibly
this
person
died
withont
anyone
knowing
where
the
coins
were hidden.
He
wondered
if
he
could
slide
out of
the lecture hall without anyone
noticing (him).
分词作状语的理解技巧
可以肯定地说
，分词的状语用法是所有分词用法中最重
要的，
也是最难掌握的
。
历年的高考英语考题也说明，
分词作状语的用法是所有
分词用法中最常考的。
因此，
本文拟对分词作
状语的用法作一小结和分析，
同时
归纳一些行之有效的做题方法
和理解技巧，以帮助同学们掌握其用法。
一、用
作时间状语
1.
典型例句
Seeing the cat, the
mouse ran off.
见到猫，老鼠
就跑了。
The
work
finished,
he
went
home.
工作做完后，他就回家了。
2.
理
解技巧
分
词
(
短语
)
用
作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句
(
引导时间状语的
从属连词需根据句意来确定
)
，如上面两句也
可转换成：
When
[As
soon
as]
the
mouse
saw
the
cat,
it
ran
off.
After
the
work
was
finished,
he
went
home.
3.
高考实例
When
_______
different
cultures,
we
often
pay
attention
only
to
the differences without noticing the many
similarities.
(2006
浙江
卷
) A.
compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having
compared
【分
析】此题答案选
C
，分词短语
when comparing
different cultures
相当于时间
状语从句<
/p>
when we compare different
cultures
。
二、用作原因状语
1.
典型
例句
Being
very
weak,
she
couldn't
move.
她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。
His
car broken down, he had to walk.
他的车坏了，所以只好走路。
Much
discouraged, she moved on to London.
她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。
2.
理解技
巧
分
词
(
短语
)
用
作原因状语通常可转换成由
as,
because,
since,
now
that <
/p>
等
引导的原因状语从句，如上面三句也可转换成：
As she was very weak, she
couldn’t
move. Because
his
car broken
was down, he had to walk. Because
she
was
much
discouraged,
she
moved
on
to
London.
3.
高考实例
(1)
______
with so much trouble, we failed to
complete the task on time.
(2006
四
川卷
) A.
Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
【分析】
答案选
A
。现在分词
短语
faced
with
so
much
trouble
可转换成原
因状语从句
because
we
were
faced
with
so
much
trouble
。
(2)
______
for
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network, Alice was in low spirits.
(2006
福建卷
) A. Blaming B.
Blamed C.
To blame D. To be blamed
【分析】答案选
B
。现在分词短语
blamed for the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network
可
转换成原因状语从句
because
she
was blamed for the breakdown of the
school computer network
。
三、用作
条件状语
1.
典型例句
Working hard, you will
succeed.
如果努力工作，你
就可以成功。
Adding them all up, we can find the answer.
如果把它们加
起来，我们就可以得到答案。
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
团结则
存，分裂则亡。
Given
more time, we could have done it better.
如果多给
点时间，我们可以做得更好。
2.
理解技巧
分词
(
短语
)
用作条件状语通常可
转
换成由从属连词
if
引导的条件状语
从句，
如上面几句也可转换成：
If
you
work
hard,
you will succeed. If we add them all up, we can
find the answer.
If we are united, we
stand; if we are divided, we fall. If we had been
given more time, we could have done it
better. 3.
高考实例
______ time,
he’ll make a first
-class
tennis player. (2003
北京春
) A.
Having given
B. To give C. Giving D.
Given
【分析】答案选
D
。
give
与其逻辑主语
he
是
动宾关系，用过去分词，故选
D
。分词短语
Given
time
可转换成条件状语从顺
If
he
is
given
time
。
四、用作让步状语
1.
典型例句
Although
living
miles
away,
he
attended
the
course.
虽然住在几英里以外，
他仍去上课。
Defeated,
he
remained
a
popular
boxer.
虽然被击败了，
他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
< br> 2.
理解技巧
分词
(
短语
)
用作让步状
语通常可转换成由从属连词
though,
although,
no
matter?等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：
Although
he
lived miles away, he attended the
course. Thought he was defeated, he
remained a popular boxer. 3.
高考实例
No matter how
frequently ______,
the works of
Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
(2006
广东卷
)
A.
performed
B.
performing
C.
to
be
performed
D.
being
performed
【
分析】答案选
A
。现在分词短语
per
formed
在此相当于
they are
performed
。
No matter how
frequently they are performed
的意思是“无论它们（
指贝多
芬的作品）被演奏多少次”。
五、用作伴随状语
1.
典型例句
He sat in the
chair
reading
a
newspaper.
他坐在椅子上看报。
Don't
you
sit
there
doing
nothing.
别什么也不干坐在那里。
He came in,
followed by his wife.
他走
了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。
2.
理解技巧
理解“伴随状语”的
关键是要理解
“伴随”二字。
分词
(<
/p>
短语
)
用作伴随状语时，
它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同
时发生，
即句子谓语
所表示的动作为主要动作，
分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的
次要
动作。
3.
高考实例
(1)
Don’t
sit
there
______
nothing.
Come
and
help
me with this table.
(2006
湖北卷
) A. do B. to do C.
doing D. and doing
(2) My cousin came
to see me from the country, ______ me a full
basket
of fresh fruits.
(2006
安徽卷
) A. brought B.
bringing C. to bring D. had
brought
(3)
Whenever
he
was
asked
why
he
was
late
for
class,
he
would
answer
carelessly,
always
______
the
same
thing.
(2006
江苏卷
)
A.
saying
B.
said
C. to say D. having
said (4) We often provide our children with toys,
footballs or basketballs, ____A___ that
all children like these things.
(2006
全国卷
) A.
thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
【分析】以上
四题答案分别为
CBAA
。
六、用作方式状语
1.
典型例句
He earns a living
driving
a
truck.
他靠开卡车谋取生。
I'm
returning
you
letter
as
requested.
我按要求给你退信。
2.
理解技巧
分词
(
短语
)
用作方式状语与用作伴随状
语的
情形比较接近。有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成
b
y
doing
sth
的结构，
如上面第一句也可换成：
He earns a living
by driving a truck.
注：近几
年高考对
分词用作方式状语的情形考得较少。
七、用作结果状语
1.
典型例句
He
fired,
killing
one
of
the
passers-by.
他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。
He
died, leaving his wife with five
children.
他死了，留下他妻子和五个儿
子。
It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges
washed out.
雨
不停地下，车辆陷入泥沼，桥梁被
水冲去。
2.
理解技巧
分词
(
短语
)
用作结果
状语时，通常可转换成并列句，如上面两句也可转换成：
He
fired
and
killed
one
of
the
passers-by.
He
died
and
left
his
wife
with
five
children.
(from
) It rained and rained, and
vehicles were bogged and
bridges were
washed out. 3.
高考实例
(1) He
glanced over at her, ______
that though
she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
(2005
广
东卷
) A.
noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
【分析】答案选
A
，
此句也可
换成：
He
glanced
over
at
her
and
noted
that
though
she
was
tiny,
she
seemed
very
well
put
together.
(2)
Oil
prices
have
risen
by
32
percent
since the start of the year, _____ a
record US$$ 57.65 a barrel on April
4.
(2005
山东卷
)
A.
have
reached
B.
reaching
C.
to
reach
D.
to
be
reaching
【分析】答案选
B
，此句也可换成：
Oil
prices
have
risen
by
32
percent
since
the
start of the year and reached a record US$$ 57.65 a
barrel on April
4.
find
的复合结构与
with
的复合结构有什么区别
?
[
标签：
find
,
复合结构
,
with
]
｝仅嗳①次、
2007-07-20 13:33
满意答案
好评率：
100%
with
复合结构
是学生
学习英语
时经常接触的句型，也是高考考查的热点。在高
三课本第六、第十单元的
Reading
部分中，出现了下面的句子。
There was an
electric bell that did not
work
，
with a card next to it
bearing the name“ Dillingham
Young”。（第十单元）
<
/p>
在这个句子中，
with+
名词
+
介词短语
构成
复合结
构
在句子中作
状语
。
< br>
Now we were
on our feet with another 500 miles to
go.
（第六单元）
在这个句子中，
with+
名词
+to
do
构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
复合结构的构成
with+
宾语
+
宾语补足语
，构成
with
复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是
代词
，
宾语补足语可以是介词短语、
过去分词<
/p>
、
现在分词
、
形
容词、
动词不定式
、
副词。
且
with
后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有
逻辑
上的主谓关系。
1
）
With+
宾语
+
介词短语
He was asleep with his head on his
arms.
2
< br>）
with+
宾语
+
过去分词（宾语与
宾补
之间是被动关系）
All the
afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed
with his head covered.
3
）
with+
宾语
+
现在分词（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系）
With winter
coming on
，
it's time to buy
warm clothes.
4
）
with+
宾语
+todo
（
不定式
做宾补有“将
来”的含义）
I can't go out with all these dishes to
wash.
5
< br>）
with+
宾语
+
形容词
/
副词
With John
away
，
we've got more room.
Anderson was
lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
复合结构的作用
with
复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。
请阅读下面的句子。
1
）
We sat on the
dry grass with our backs to the wall.
（作
伴随状语
）
2
）
She
could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.
（作原因
状语）
3
）
He lay in bed
with his head
covered.
（作方式状语）
4
）
Jack soon fell
asleep with the light still
burning.
（作伴随状语）
5
）
I
won't be able to go on holiday with my mother
being ill.
（作
原因状语）
6
）
He sat with his
arms clasped around his
knees.
（作方式状语）
注：
with
复合结构在句子中还可以作
定语
，阅读下面的句子。
1
）
There was a
letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.
< br>（作定语
修饰
letter
）<
/p>
2
）
It was a vast
stretch of country with cities in the
distance.
（作定语修饰
a stretch of
country
）
1. find
+
宾语
+
现在分词
She found a wallet lying on the
ground.
她发现一只钱包在地上。
If
slaves
were
found
living
together
secretly
they
were
cruelly
whipped.
如果奴隶们被发现私自同居，就会受到残酷鞭打。
For
most
of
the
day
he
can
still
be
found
working
somewhere
in
the
plant.
白天大部分时间人们还发现他在厂里某个地方工作。
He was heartened to find the people
living better than ever before.
看到人民生活比过去任何时候都好，他由衷地感到高兴。
2. find +
宾语
+
过去分词
He found the
place much changed.
他发现这地方有了巨大的变化。
We
found her quite recovered.
我们发现她已完全痊愈。
They
found the street lined with people.
他们发现大街两侧都站着人。
Two
of the windows were found broken.
发现有两扇
玻璃窗
被打破了。
Both doors were found locked.
发现两扇门都被锁上了。
3.
find +
（宾语）
+
形容词
She was found alone in the
room.
发现她一个人在屋里。
He was found dead in the morning.
早上人们发现他已经死了。
I
find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn.
我发现习语和有用的短语很难学。
Have you found anything wrong in the
article?
文章中你已经发现什么错误了吗？
Which do you find
hardest
，
listening, speaking,
reading or writing?
你觉得听、说、读、写哪一方面最难？
4. find
+
宾语
+
副词
I”m so glad I found you in.
发现你在家我
真高兴
。
He hurried there, but found them
all out.
他赶到那里，却发现大家都出去了。
How do find the dish?
你觉得这个菜怎么样？
When
the enemy got to the village, they found nobody
about.
当敌人进村时发现一个人都不在了。
5. find +
宾语
+
介词短语
They found him
already in the care of a doctor.
他们发现已经有一位大夫在照顾他了。
We have gone over the contract and
found everything in order.
合同我们已经看过，感到没有问题。
An old worker was found in possession
of the papers.
这些文件被发现保存在一位老工人手里。
6. find
+
宾语
+
名词
You will find it a difficult book.
你将发现这是一本难懂的书。
You
will find it a delightful place to stay.
你会发现这是个令人愉快的地方。
We all find him a very sensible man.
我们都发现他是个很有头脑的人。
7. find +
宾语
+to be
This method was found to be
practicable.
大家发现这方法很可行。
He measured the cloth and found it to
be the exact size.
他量了一下布，发现大小正好合适。
I found him to be unassuming and easy
to get along with.
我发现他没有架子，很好相处。
注：在
find
+
宾语
+to
be?这一结构中，
to
be
常可省略。
请简述英语中的独立主格结构并附上例句，谢谢啊。
[
标签：
独立主格
,
结构
,
例句
]
高考乐
Happy
2011-05-07 22:20
满意答案
一、
独立
主格结构
的概念
独立主格结构（
Absolute
S
tructure
）是由名词或
代词
加
上
分词
等构成的一种独
立结构，
用于修饰整个句子。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成
逻辑
上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的
位置相当灵活，
可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意
的是，
独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何
连接词
。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式
名词
(
代词
)
+
现在分词
（
过去分词
；形容词；副词；
不定式
；名词；
介词短语
）
1.
名词
(
代词
)+
现在分词
Night
enshrouding
the
earth,
nobody
could
make
out
what
the
dark
mass
was
from a
distance
．
黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。
There being no bus, we had to walk
home.
由于没有
公共汽车
，我
们只好走回家。
2.
名词
(
代词
)+
过去分词
The workers
worked still harder, their living conditions
greatly
improved.
由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。
He
was
listening
attentively
in
class,
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
blackboard.
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着
黑板
。