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状语从句与分词作状语的转换
时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是
有条件的，也有一定的
规律可循。
一
、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句
不
变。
如：
They did not
go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of
work to do
．
由于从句的
主语与主句的主语都是
they
，可以把从句中
because
和
they
去
掉，把
had
变成
having
，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：
Having
a lot of work to
do
，
they did not go to the
Summer Palace
．
Ex: 1.
Opening the window, I
saw a butterfly flying into my study
_________________________________________
______________________ .
2. If you work
hard with a strong will, you can also make a
difference.
_______________
_________________________________________________
.
二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则
转换
成过去分词。
1
．
When he heard a
cry for help
，
he rushed
out
．
从句中，
he was
与
heard
是主动关系，表示“他听见”
。则可变成
现在分词作时间状语。
Hearing
a cry for help
，
he
rushed out
．
2
．
The boy Cater
went up to his teacher and said
“
sorry
”
because he was
great-ly touched by his
words
．
从句中，
he was touched
是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”
，则变成过去分词作原因状
< br>语。
Greatly
touched
by his teacher's
words
，
the boy laterwent up
to him and said
“
sorry
”
．
Ex: 1.
Although we
have nothing to do here, we
can’t leave here.
_________________________________________
________ .
2. After he was told many
times, Olive finally understood the question
____________________________________________ ________ ..
3. Given the right kind of
training, these teenage soccer players
may one day grow into the
international stars.
_______
__________________________________________________
____________ .
4. Seeing
that she was going off to sleep, I
asked if she’d like that l
ittle doll on
her bed.
___
__________________________________________________
_________________ .
三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，
该怎么办？请看下例：
1
．
As the heroes'
deeds moved them deeply
，
they
decided to study even
harder
．
句中，
主句的主语是
they
，而从句主语是
the heroes' deeds
，
主语不一致
，
这时可以把从句变
换一下句型，变成被动语态。即成
As they were deeply moved by the heroes' de
eds
．从句的主
语与主句的主语都是
they
，就可转换成：
Deeply moved by the heroes'
deeds
，
they decided to study
even harder
．
下列的句子中主语也是不同的。
2
．
The professor
came into the lab
；
a group of
students followed him
．
这是两个简单句，如果中间加个
and
也可看成并
列句。但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：
He was followed by a
group of students
．全句就转换成：
Followed by a group of
students
，
the professor came
into the lab
．
四、如
果看不出有从句，
该怎么办？请看下例：