制冷毕业设计论文讲解

摘

要

摘

要

“制冷”从本质上讲就是让空气中 分子运动减慢。通俗的讲就是使自然界

的某物体或某空间达到低于周围环境温度，并使之 维持这个温度。利用天然冰

等自然冷源过渡到人工制冷，是制冷技术发展的初始级段。< /p>

在制冷系统中，蒸发器、冷凝器、压缩机和节流阀是制冷系统中 必

不可少的四大件，这当中蒸发器是输送冷量的设备。制冷剂在其中吸收

被冷却物体的热量实现制冷。压缩机是心脏，起着吸入、压缩、输送制

冷剂蒸汽 的作用。冷凝器是放出热量的设备，将蒸发器中吸收的热量连

同压缩机功所转化的热量一 起传递给冷却介质带走。节流阀对制冷剂起

节流降压作用、同时控制和调节流入蒸发器中 制冷剂液体的数量，并将

系统分为高压侧和低压侧两大部分。

制冷系统的基本原理：

液体制冷剂在 蒸发器中吸收被冷却的物体热量之后，

汽化成低温低压的蒸

汽、 被压缩机吸入、压缩成高压高温的蒸汽后排入冷凝器、在冷凝器中向冷却

介质

水或空气

)

放热，冷凝 为高压液体、经节流阀节流为低压低温的制冷剂、

再次进入蒸发器吸热汽化，达到循环制 冷的目的。这样，制冷剂在系统中经过

蒸发、压缩、冷凝、节流四个基本过程完成一个制 冷循环。

空气调节用制冷系统中换热设备的设计，

和难点部分。工质类型多，设备类型多，彼 此计算方法差别大。广泛应用传热

学和热力学知识。本课题借助文献提供的经验公式和< /p>

计算方法，设计相应类

型蒸发器和冷凝 器。同时要对系统和设备的基本原理有系统的理解，并构建制

冷系统。

< br>

关键词

：

< br>制冷技术；基本原理；换热设备；设计计算；

I

东北电力大学本科毕业论文

Title:

Air- conditioning cooling system with heat exchanger design and

build systems

Abstract

in

essence,

is

to

slow

down

air

movement.

Popular

speakers

is

to

make

the

nature

of

a

space

object

or

to

reach

a

temperature

lower

than

the

surrounding

environment,

and

maintain

that

temperature.

Use

of

natural

ice

and

other

natural

transition

to

the

cold

source

of

artificial

refrigeration,

refrigeration

technology is the development of the initial level paragraph.

In the refrigeration system, evaporator, condenser, compressor and the throttle valve

in

the

refrigeration

system

is

essential

for

the

four

pieces,

which

is

among

the

evaporator

cooling

capacity

transmission

equipment.

In

which

the

refrigerant

to

absorb heat by cooling objects to achieve cooling. Compressor is the heart, plays an

inhalation, compression, transmission of the role of refrigerant vapor. Condenser is

a heat release equipment to the evaporator to absorb heat in the compressor, together

with

the

transformation

of

reactive

power

with

the

transmission

of

heat

to

the

cooling

media

away.

Refrigerant

from

the

throttle

on

the

hypotensive

effect

of

reducing expenditure, while the control and regulation of flows to the evaporator in

the amount of liquid refrigerant and system is divided into high- pressure side and

low-voltage side of two major parts.

The basic principles of refrigeration systems:

Liquid refrigerant in the evaporator to absorb heat by cooling the object, the

vaporized into a low-temperature low- pressure steam was inhaled compressor,

compressed into high pressure high temperature steam into the condenser after the

condenser to the cooling medium (water or air ) exothermic, high-pressure liquid

condensate by cutting the throttle at low temperature for the low-pressure refrigerant,

re-entering the evaporator absorbs heat of vaporization to the purpose of

refrigeration cycle. Thus, refrigerant in the system through evaporation,

compression, condensation, cutting four basic process is complete a refrigeration

cycle.

Air- conditioning heat exchangers used in refrigeration system design, the entire

system is an important part of the design and difficult part. Refrigerant types,

equipment types, large differences between calculations. Wider application of

Ⅱ

ABSTRACT

knowledge of heat transfer and thermodynamics. This topic provided by the

literature and empirical formula method of calculating the design of the

corresponding type of evaporator and condenser. At the same time, systems and

equipment to the basic principles of a systematic understanding, and to build

refrigeration system.

Key words

:

Refrigeration

calculation

；

technology

；

Principle< /p>

；

Transfer equipment

；

Design

III

目

录

目

录

摘

要< /p>

.

............................ .................................................. ...................

I

Abstract

……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………

II

绪论

.......................................... .................................................. ..........

1

第

1

章

蒸气压缩式制冷的热力学原理

1.1

蒸汽压缩式制冷的理想循环

...............................

1.2

蒸汽压缩式制冷理论循环的热力计算

...................... .

第

2

章

制冷装置的换热设备

-

冷凝器

............................................. ...........

2.1

冷 凝器的种类、构造及工作原理

.......................... ..

2.1.1

水冷式冷凝器…………………………………………………

..

2.1.2

空冷式冷凝器………………………………………………

2.1.3

蒸发式冷凝器…………………………………………………

.

2.2

冷凝器的选择计算

..... ..................................

第

3

章

制冷压缩机

......................... ......................

3.1

塞 式压缩机的种类及型式

............................. ....

3.2

活塞式制冷压缩机 的总体及主要零部件

.....................

第

4

章

制冷装置的换热设备

-

蒸发器