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高级英语第二册词汇及短语)

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2021-02-28 14:54
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2021年2月28日发(作者:雷网)


高级英语第二册词汇短语



LESSON ONE FACE TO FACE WITH HURRICANE CAMILLE


2


LESSON TWO



MARRAKECH


7


LESSON 3 PUB TALK AND THE KING' S ENGLISH


11


LESSON FOUR INAUGURAL ADDRESS


15


LESSON FIVE LOVE IS A FALLACY


17


LESSON SIX



DISAPPEARING THR0UGH THE SKYLIGHT 35


LESSON SEVEN



THE LIBIDO FOR THE UGLY


38


LESSON EIGHT



THE WORKER AS CREATOR OR MACHINE


42


LESSON NINE



THE ONES WHO WALK AWAY FROM OMELAS


45


LESSON TEN THE SAD YOUNG MEN


49


LESSON TWELVE THE DISCOVERY OF WHAT IT MEANS TO BE AN AMERICAN


LESSON THIRTEEN



IN FAVOR OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT


60


LESSON FOURTEEN



LOVING AND HATING NEW YORK


6


8




58


注:红色为本学期要上的课文


,


按住


CTRL


键并单击鼠标可以直接点 到希望看的课文





Lesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camille


























































Joseph P


. Blank



词汇:





hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour



often


accompanied by torrential rains



and originating usually in the West Indian region


飓风








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






lash (v.): move quickly or violently


猛烈冲击;拍打








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows



esp



with the fist(


尤指用拳头


)


连续地打








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






course (n.): a way of behaving



mode 0f conduct


行为;品行;做法








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






demolish (v.): pull down



tear down



or smash to pieces (a b uilding



etc


< p>
)



destroy


:< /p>


ruin


拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






motel


(n.):a


hotel


intended


primarily


for


those


traveling


by


car,


usually


with


direct


access


from each room to an area for cars


汽车游客旅馆








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech



harsh and throaty< /p>



hoarse


粗暴的,粗鲁

< p>
的;粗哑的。嘶哑的








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






batten (n.): fasten with battens


用压条钉住


(


或固定


)






--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






methodically (adv.): orderl y



systematically


有 秩序地;有条理地







--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(


自来


水,煤气 ,电等的


)


总管








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






bathtub (n.): a tub



now usually a bathroom fixture



in which to take a bath


浴盆,浴缸








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy



dynamo



电机,发动机








--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






scud (v.): run or move swiftly



glide or skim along easily


疾行,飞驰;掠过








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton



hair



foam rubber

< p>


etc


.床垫;褥子







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






pane (n.):a single division of a window



etc.



consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame



such


a sheet of glass


窗格;窗格玻璃








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up



disun ite


分裂,分解,裂成碎









--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or win d)


一股


(


气流


)


;一阵


(



)






--------------------------------------- ------------------------------






douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid



drench; pour liquid over


把?浸入液体里;


使浸透;泼液体在? 上







--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function



< p>


unit in some work(


组织起 来执行某


种任务的


)









--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






scramble (v.): climb



crawl



or clamber hurriedly


爬行;攀


(



)







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog



cat or other animal which normally bears


several young at a delivery(


狗、猫等多产动物


)


一胎生下的小动物








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently



as in horror or extreme disgust


震颤,


战栗








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty



ferociousness


凶猛;凶恶, 残忍;暴行







--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






swipe (n.):a hard



sweeping blow[


]


猛击,重击








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






maroon (av.): leave abandoned



isolated



or helpless


使处于孤立无援的处境








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






devastate (nv.): destroy



lay waste



make desolate

毁坏


,


摧毁;使荒芜







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device


刈幅


(


挥动镰刀所及的面积

< br>)






--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






huddle (v.): crowd


push



or nestle close together



as cows do in a sto rm(


如风暴中的牛群


)


挤成一团;拥 挤;互相紧贴








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






slashing (a.): severe



merciless



violent


严厉的;猛烈的








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech


恳求,哀求,乞








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff



dividing it into measures



a measure


小节线


(


五线谱上


的纵线把五线谱分 成小节


);


小节







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






trail (v.):grow gradually weaker



dimmer



less direct



etc


.渐弱;渐小; 渐暗








--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






debri (


复:


debris )(n.): a rough



broken bit and piece of a stone



wood


,< /p>


glass



etc



as after


dest ruction



rubble


碎片, 瓦砾








--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection



asylum


避难所,庇护所







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






cedar


(n.):


any


of


a


genus


of


widespreading


coniferous


trees


of


the


pine


family



having


clusters of needlelike leaves



cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance


雪松< /p>


(



)






--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






extinguish (v.): put out(a fire



etc



)



quench< /p>



smother


熄灭

< br>(


火等


)


,灭

< br>(



)


;扑灭

< br>


waver


v. swing or sway to and fro



flutter


摇摆;摇晃;摇曳








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






topple (v.): fall top forward



lean forward as if on the point of falling


向前倒;摇摇欲坠








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






lean



to (n.): a roof with a single slope



its upper edge abutting a wall or building



a shed


with a one



slope roof


单坡



屋顶;单坡屋顶的棚








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






prop (v.): hold up



support or hold in place with or as with a prop


支撑;维持;支持








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






tilt (v.): aslope



incline



slant



tip


倾斜;倾侧;翘起








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






cower (v.): crouch or huddle up



as from fear or cold(


因害怕或寒冷而


)


蜷缩;退缩

< br>






--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level



slope (


使


)


倾斜;


(


使


)


变歪








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a h inge


靠铰链转动


(


或附着


)







--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree



importance, etc .



lessen


使变小;减少,缩减







--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






thrust (n.): a sudden



forceful push or shove


猛推







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






strew


(v.):


spread


about


here


and


there


by


or


as


by


sprinkling< /p>



scatter


be


scattered


or


dispersed over(a surface)



(



)


;散播;被 撒满


(


表面


)







--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc


.饰以


(


或悬挂


)


花彩,结彩于

< p>







--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






coil (v.): wind around and around


成卷状;盘绕


?









--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






spaghetti (n.):


paste


in


the


form



f


long



thin


strings,


cooked


by


boiling


or


steaming


and


served with a sauce


细条实心面








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil



difficulty



destruction



etc




rescu e


救助


?


拯救;援救

< br>






--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress



as in a disaster


area(


在灾区给灾民分配熟食的


)


赈灾处








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






staffer (n.): a member of a staff


职员








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






rake (v.): scrape or sweep



move forward swiftly


掠过;急速穿过;迅速向前移动







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about


横冲直撞







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






pitch (v.): [colloq] set to work energetically[



]


拼命干起来,开始大干特干








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked


残骸;漂浮物







----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire



flood, etc


.雷救


?


抢救;打捞








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






wrath (n.): intense anger



rage



fury


愤怒;暴怒;勃然大怒








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






the blues: [colloq]a depressed



unhappy feeling[



]


沮丧;忧郁







--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to



distress very much


使痛苦,使苦恼.折磨








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal



etc



)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough


to hammer or press together


焊接;熔接








----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






reflect (v.): think seriously



contemplate


认真思考;沉思

< br>



短语:




reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem



by thinking of all the possibilities


寻找解决途径












例:


Let



s reason this out instead of quarrelli ng


.让我们不要争吵,商量出事情的解


决方案








--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






a good: at least



full


至少,最少












例:


They waited a good eight hours


他们等了至少


8

< p>
个小时。








--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






sit out: stay until the end of


坐到结束












例:


We forced ourselves to sit the play out


.我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






come by: to make a short visit to a place on one



s way


顺便拜访











例:


I



ll come by the house and get my stufflater



OK?


我会顺便过来取材料,好吗


?






----------------------------------------- ----------------------------






by the minute: every minute



minute by minute


一分钟一分钟地












例:


I



m feeling better by the minute


.我每分钟都感觉好多了。








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






on the verge of: on the edge of



on the brink of


接近于,濒临于












例:


Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrou


曲.


科学家们即将取得一项重大


突破。







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate


裂开,分裂解散












例:


The grounds broke apart in earthquake


.地面在地震时裂开了。








--------------------------- ------------------------------------------






break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces


分裂











例:


The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.


天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。







--- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------






come through: to continue to live



exist



be strong



or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous


time


经历 过??仍活着,经历,脱险












例:


John was so iu but he was lucky to come through


.约翰病得很厉害,依然活着算


是很幸运的了。







--------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----






pitch in: to set to work energetically


拼命于起来,开始大干特干












例:


If we pitch in



we will have it finished in no time


.我们如果拼命干活,就会马上


做完





Lesson Two



Marrakech






George Orwell


词汇:




thread (v.) : pass through by twisting< /p>



turning


or weaving in and out


穿过,通过




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red



leathery rind and many seeds covered with red



juicy



edible flesh



the bush or small tree that bears it


石榴;石榴树




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(



拜仪式唱的


)


单调的歌




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed


棺材架;


尸体架




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe



mattock


< p>
etc



(


用锄等


)


翻地,挖


(



)



---------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------


oblong (adj.) : longer than broad



elongated

< br>长方形的




-------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------


lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps



covered with lumps


多块状物的;凹凸不平的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low



rounded hills


布满小丘的;似小圆丘的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner



abandoned



forsaken


无主的;被遗弃的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


lot (n.) : a plot of ground


一块地




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics


无区别的;无显著特


点的




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth



sand



etc



built over a grave



in a fortification



etc


.土


堆;堤; 坟堆




------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------


prickly (adj.) : full of prickles


多刺的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large


flat



oval stem joints and


edible fruits


仙人掌< /p>


(



)



----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps



rough



jolting


崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


gazelle (n.) : any of various small



swift



gra ceful antelopes


瞪羚




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal



beef



lamb



etc


.< /p>



[p1.]the hind part of a four



legged animal(


牛、羊、猪等




)


后腿肉;


[


复< /p>


](


四肢


动物的


)


后躯




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


nibble (v.) : take small



cautious



or gentle bites


小口地 咬;谨慎地咬


(



)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns



ram with the head(


用头或角


)


撞击; 顶撞




------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------


mid



air (n.) : any point in space



not in contact with the ground or other surface


空中;上空




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer



as on canals

< br>,


roads



etc


.劳工;无特殊技术的工人




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


sidle (v.) : move sideways


,< /p>


esp



in a shy or stealthy manner(


羞怯或偷偷地


)

< p>
侧身行走




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


stow (v.) : pack or store away



fill by packing in an orderly way


装载;


装进;


收藏



municipality n



a


city



town. etc



having its own incorporated government for local affairs

自治市


(


或镇


)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(


某些欧


洲城市中从 前的


)


犹太人居住区




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain



painful


疼痛的;感到疼痛的




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


skull



cap (n.) : a light



closefitting

< br>,


brimless cap



usually worn indoors(


室内戴的


)


无沿便帽




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers



usually so as to be harmful or bothersome



swarm in or over(


虫害等


)


侵扰;骚扰;蔓延

< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------


booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods



as at markets or fairs(


市场或集市上的


)


货摊;摊店,摊





--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times



very old- fashioned


老式的;古旧的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape


变弯曲;变歪



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement


疯狂的,狂乱的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout



cry out


喧嚷,喧嚣,吵闹




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


grope (v.) : feel or search about blind ly



hesitantly



or uncertainly


摸索;探索




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


self-contained


(adj.)


:


having


within


oneself


or


itself


all


that


is


necessary



self- sufficient



as


a


community


自给自足的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic


< p>
sorcery


巫术;魔法




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfyi ng



solid


< br>substantial[



]


令人满意的;充实的




------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------


conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected< /p>



unusual


outstanding


惹人注目的,


显眼的




--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------


grove (n.) : orchard


果园




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion


军团的成员




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


back



breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion



very tiring


费劲的;辛苦的,累人的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


desolate (adj.) : uninhabited



deserted


荒无人烟的,荒凉的




------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------


lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding


farm animals


紫花苜蓿




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle



horses



sh eep



etc. as cornstalks



hay and straw(


牛、马、


羊的


)


粗饲 料;饲草




----------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------


yoke (v.) : put a yoke on



join together



link


用轭连起;连合;连结



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp



edged disks



drawn by a horse 0r tractor and


used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground



covering seeds



rooting up weeds



etc


.耙




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow


沟,畦;犁沟



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


trickle (n.) : the act of trickling



a slow



small flow


滴,淌;细流






--- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------


subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil


底土,下层土,




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


mummify (v.) : shrivel or dry up


干瘪;枯干;成木乃伊状




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


hobble (v.) : go unsteadily



haltingly



etc


.蹒跚




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(


外观或质地


)


似皮革的;


坚韧的,粗硬的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


infuriate (v.) : cause to become very angry



enrage(


使


)


发怒,激怒




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


damnably (adv.) : execrably


该诅咒地;极坏地




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


packsaddle (n.) : a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal


驮鞍




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


bridle (n.) : a head harness for guiding a horse


马勒




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


halter (n.) : a rope


,< /p>


cord



strap

< br>,


etc



< br>usually with a headstall



for tying or leading an animal



a bitless headstall



with or without a lead rope


缰绳;


(



)


笼头




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


gut (n.[usu



in p1.]) : the bowels



entrails[


常用复


]


内脏




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


plight (n.) : condition or state of affairs



esp



now, an awkward



sad



or dangerous situation

< p>


况;状态;


(


现尤指< /p>


)


苦境;困境或险境




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


gall (v.) : injure or make sore by rubbing



chafe


擦 伤,擦痛;磨




--------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------


stork (n.) : any of a family of large



lon g



legged


< br>mostly old



world wading birds



having a long


neck and bill



and related to the herons





--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


reach- me



down (adj



[colloq.]) : second



hand or ready

< br>—


made(


衣服


)

< p>
用旧的;别人用过的;


现成的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


khaki (adj.) : made of khaki(clot h)


卡其


(



)


制的




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


squash (v.) : force one



s way



squeeze


挤进,挤入




------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------


slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait


低头弯腰


(

< br>而行


)


;消沉




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek information



eager to learn


好询问的;


好奇的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


syphilis (n.) : an infectious venereal disease



caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by


sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally


梅毒



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


garrison (n.) : troops stationed in a fort or fortified place


驻军;卫戍部队




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


charger (n.) : a horse ridden in battle or on parade


战马


,


军马





短语:




square meal:




a complete and satisfying meal


美餐丰盛的、令人满足



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


in a cloud:




a large number of small things moving through the air as amass


一团












例:



a cloud of locusts


一群蝗虫




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


get at:




to approach or reach


到达,得到












例:



You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves



你得使用一把


小梯才 可以拿到架子上面的坛子。




--- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------


next door to:




almost the same as


几乎












例:



Leaving a man to die is next door to murder


.让一个人等死无异于谋杀。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


in this connection:




while speaking of such things


关于这一点,就此而论




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


it doesn



t matter twopence:




it doesn



t matter a bit


无关紧要












例:



It doesn



t matter twopence if he doesn



t accept the invita- tion


.他接不接受


邀请都不要紧。




Lesson 3 Pub Talk and the King' s English



词汇


(Vocabulary)


intricate


(adj)


:


hard


to


follow


or


understand


because


full


of


puzzling


parts



details



or

< br>relationships


错综复杂的;难以理解的,难懂的

< br>



----------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------


indulge (v.) : give way to one



s own desire


尽情享受;从事于



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly



ramble


漫步;闲逛

< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------


conversationalist


(n.)


:


a


person


who


conver ses



esp



one


who


enjoys


and


is


skilled


at


conversation


交谈 者;


(


尤指


)


健谈者




------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------


anecdote (n.) : a short



entertaining account of some happening



usually personal or biographical


轶事,逸事




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


intimate (n.) : a close friend or companion


密友,知己



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


on the rocks



[colloq



] : in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe (

婚姻


)


破坏的;失败的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


musketeer (n.) : (formerly)a soldier armed with a musket


火枪手




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


delve (v.) : investigate for informatio n



search


发掘;调查


(


研究


)



------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


recess (n.) : a secluded



withdrawn



or inner place


幽深处




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


desultorily (adv.) : aimlessly



at random


随意地;无目的地



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


alchemy (n.) : an early form of chemistry



whose chief aims were to change baser metals into


gold



a method or power of transmutation; esp. the seemingly miraculous change of a thing into


something better


炼金术;变化物质的方法或魔力




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


tart (adj.) : sharp in taste

< p>


sour



acid< /p>


辛辣的;尖酸的;刻薄的



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


convict (n.) : a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court


罪犯



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


churl (n.) : a farm laborer



peasant


农民;庄稼人,乡下人




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


rift (n.) : an open break in a previously friendly relationship


分裂;失和




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


scamper (v.) : run or go hurriedly or quickly


急驰,快跑




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


rendering (n.) : a translation


翻译




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


bilingual (adj.) : of



in or using two languages (



)


两种语言的



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


intercept (v.) : seize or stop on the way



before arrival at the intended place


拦截;截断;截击。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


abuse (v.) : use wrongly



use insulting



coarse or bad language



scold harshly


滥用;辱骂,口


出恶言




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


coin (v.) : make up



devise



invent(a new word



phrase


< p>
etc



)


编造;杜撰< /p>


(


新词、新短语等


)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


tussle (v.) : fight



struggle



contend



etc



vigo rously or vehemently


斗争,搏斗;竞争




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


dandelion (n.) : any of several plants of the composite family



common lawn weeds with jagged


leaves



often used as greens



and yellow flowers


蒲公英


(



)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


pejorative (adj.) : disparaging or derogatory


轻蔑的;贬低的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


facetious (adj.) : joking or trying to be jocular



esp



at an imappropriate time


滑稽的;诙谐的;


(


尤指在不适当的时候


)


开玩笑的



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


underling (n.) : a person in a subordinate position



inferior disparagin g(


通常作蔑词


)


下属;




--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------


edict (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority



decree


法令;命令;布

< p>




-------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------


immune (adj.) : exempt from or protected against something disagreeable or harmful


不受影响


的;可避免的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


ultimatum (n.) : a final offer or demand



esp



by one of the parties engaged in negotiations



the


rejection


of


which


usually


leads


to


a


break


in relations


and


unilateral


action



the use


of


force


etc



by the party issuing the ultimatum


最后通牒




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


chimpanzee (n.) anthropoid ape of Africa



with black hair and large



outstanding ears(

< p>
非洲


)


黑猩


< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------



短语



(Expressions)


make a point:




explain fully what one is proposing


充分解释












例:



All fight



you



ve made your point



now keep quiet and let the others say what they


think

.好啦,你已经把话说清楚了;那就别说了,让别人谈谈看法。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


in a flash:




suddenly



very quickly


转瞬间,立刻












例:



Just wait here



I



u be back in a flash


.就在这儿等我,我马上就回来。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


on the rocks :




(colloq



)in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe(


婚姻


)


破坏的,失败的












例:



Tim



s marriage is on the rocks


.提姆的婚姻亮起了红灯。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


get out the bed on the wrong side:




to be cross or grouchy


早晨起来便心情不好




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


lay down :




to assert or declare


声明,颁布












例:



The regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment


.法令


规定了一套严格的安检程序。




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


on wings :




in flight



continually moving about


像飞一样地,飘飘然












例:



The birds are on wings in the sky


.鸟儿在空中展翅高飞。



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


turn up one



s nose at :




to sneer at



scorn


嘲笑, 轻蔑












例:



The children turned up their noses at my home cooking


.孩子们嘲笑我的厨艺。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


in the shoes of :




in another



s position


站在别人的立场上,设身处地












例:



I



m glad I



m not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off


.我庆幸不用像他

< p>
那样去偿还所有的债务。



------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------


come into one



s own :




to receive what properly belongs to one



esp



acclaim or recognition


得到自己 该得的东西,如荣誉或世人的口碑




-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------


sit up :




(colloq



)to



become suddenly alert



be surprised or startled


吃惊,警觉












例:



I called her a damned hypocrite and that made her sit up

.我骂她惺惺作态,她


马上警觉起来。




Lesson Four Inaugural Address


词汇:



inaugural (adj.) : of an inauguration


就职


(


典礼


)





----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


signify (v.) : be a sign or indication of


< p>
mean


表明;意味




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


almighty (adj.) : having unlimited powe r



all



powerful


有无限权力的;全能的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


forebear (n.) : an ancester


祖先,祖宗




------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------


prescribe (v.) : set down as a rule or direction



order


;< /p>


ordain



direct

< p>
命令;指示;规定,订立



------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------


generosity (n.) : the quality of being generous


慷慨;宽宏大量




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


heir (n.) : person who appears to get some trait from a predecessor or seems to carry on in his


tradition


继承者;后嗣




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


foe (n.) : enemy


< p>
opponent


敌人




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


undoing (n.) : the act of bringing to r uin



disgrace



or destruction


毁灭;破坏




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


at odds : in disagreement

< br>;


quarreling


意见不一致;有争执

< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------


asunder (adv.) : into parts or pieces


分成碎片;分散




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


prey (n.) : a person or thing that falls victim to someone or something


牺牲品;掠夺品




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


subversion (n.) : a subverting or being subverted



ruin


颠覆


(


活动


)


;破 坏




-------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------


sovereign (adj.) : independent of all others


独立自主的




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


outpace (v.) : surpass


< p>
exceed


在速度上超过;胜过




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


invective (n.) : a violent verbal attack



strong criticism



insults, curses, etc.; vituperation


抨击;


辱骂,谩骂




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


shield (n.) : any person or thing that guards



protects

< br>,


or defends; protection


保护 人;防护物;


保护




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


writ (n.) : a formal legal document ordering or prohibiting some action


命令;律令;文书;传票




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


adversary (n.) : a person who opposes or fights against another; opponent



enemy


对手,


反对者;


敌手,敌方




------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------


anew (adv.) : again


重新,再




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


unleash (v.) : release from or as from a leash(


解开皮带以


)

释放




----------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------


engulf (v.) : swallow up



overwhelm


吞没,淹没,压倒




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


civility (n.) : politeness



esp. in a merely formal way


礼貌,客气




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


belabor (v.) : talk about at unnecessary length


唠唠叨叨地反复讲




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


formulate (v.) : put together and express (a theory



plan ,etc.)a systematic way


系统地阐述


(


或提



)(


理 论、计划等


)



--------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------


tap (v.) : draw upon



make use of


开发、发掘



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


heed (v.) : pay close attention to



take careful notice of


注意


,


留神,留心




------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------


beachhead (n.) : a position established by invading troops on an enemy shore



a position gained


as a secare starting point for any acti on



foothold


滩头堡,登陆 场;立足点




---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------


endeavor (n.) : an earnest attempt or effort


努力,尽力




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


testimony (n.) : any form of evidence



indication. etc.



proof


证明,证据



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


embattle (v.) : [


常用 于被动语态


]prepare



arr ay



or set in line for battle


使准备战斗,


使严阵以





--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------


tribulation (n.) : great misery or distress, as from oppression



deep sorrow


苦难;困苦;忧伤



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


forge (v.) : move forward steadily



as if against difficulties; form



produce(< /p>


似乎迎着困难


)


稳步前

< br>进;形成;结成




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


alliance (n.) : a close association for a common objective as of nations



political part ies



etc


.联

< br>盟,联合,同盟




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


短语:




at issue :




in dispute



to be decided



at variance



in disagreement


意见不一致












例:



What is at issue is the extent to which exam results reflect a student



s ability.



见的分歧之处在于考试对于学生能力的影响程度。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


at odds :




in disagreement



q uarrelling



antagonistic

< p>
意见不一致,有争执












例:



IHe was at odds with his colleagues


.他与同事意见不合。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


east off :




to discard


< p>
abandon



disown

< br>丢弃,摆脱












例:



A haven of tranquility where you can cast off the strains and stress of life



一个可


以摆脱生活重负的宁静港湾




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


beyond doubt :




certainly


毫无疑问












例:



She was beyond doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school


.毫无疑问,她


在学校里游泳游得最棒。




Lesson Five Love is a Fallacy



































































Max Shulman



词汇


(Vocabulary)



fallacy (n.) : a false or mistaken idea



opinion


< br>etc.



error


谬论,谬 见;错误




----------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------


enterprising (adj.) :full of energy and initiative



willing to undertake new projects


有进取心的;


充满首创精神的;有胆量的




--- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------


unfetter (v.) : free from fetters



free from restraint of any kind



liberate

< br>除掉?的脚镣;解放;


使获得自由




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


limp (adj.) :1acking or having lost stiffness



flaccid



drooping



wi lted


柔软的



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


flaccid (adj.) : hanging in loose folds or wrinkles



soft and limp



flabby


不结实的;松驰的;松


软的




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


spongy (adj.) :of or like a sponge



soft and porous


海绵


(



)


的;柔软有弹性的




--- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------


pedantic (adj.) : of or like a pedant


迂腐的,书呆子气的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


trauma (n.) :a painful emotional experience



or shock



often producing a lasting psychic effect and


sometimes a neurosis(


精神


)


心灵创伤< /p>




---------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------


calculating (adj.) : shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way



scheming


精明的;


(


尤指


)


专为自己


打 算的;有算计的




-------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------


perspicacious (adj.) :having keen judgement or understanding



acutely perceptive


聪颖的;敏锐





--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


astute (adj.) : having or showing a clever or shrewd mind



cunn ing



crafty



wily


聪明的,敏锐


的;精明的;狡猾的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


dynamo (n.) :generator


发动机




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


scale (n.) : either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance


秤盘;天平盘




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


penetrating (adj.) :sharp



piercing


锐利的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


scalpel


(n.)


:


a


small

< br>,


light



straigh t


knife


with


a


very


sharp


blade



used


by


surgeons


and


m


anatomical dissections


解剖刀,手术刀




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


faddist (n.) :a person who follows fads


赶时髦的人




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


fad


(n.) :


a


custom


< br>style



etc



that


many


people


are interested


in


for


a


short


time



passing


fashion



craze

< br>一度时髦的风尚,风行一时的东西;一时的狂热




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


craze (n.) :something that is currently the fashion



fad


一时 的风尚;风行一时的东西;时髦




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


acme (n.) : the highest point



point of culmination


顶点,极点




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


appendicitis (n.) :inflammation of the vermiform appendix


阑尾炎




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


laxative (n.) : any laxative medicine



mild cathartic


轻泻药;通便剂




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


raccoon (n.) :a small



tree



climbing, chiefly flesh



eating mammal


浣熊




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


mumble (v.) : speak or say indistinctly and in a low voice



mutter


喃喃地说;含糊地说



------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------


temple (n.) :either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead



in front of each ear


太阳穴,鬓角




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


incredulous (adj.) : unwilling or unable to believe; doubting



skeptical


不相信的;怀疑的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


unsanitary (adj.) :not clean



harmful to health


不卫生的;对健康有害的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


shed (v.) : shed a natural growth or covering



as hair(

< br>毛发等


)


脱落




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


unsightly (adj.) :not sightly



not pleasant to look at



ugly


不美观的;难看的;丑 陋的




------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------


swim (n.) : current fashion


潮流,时髦/砌


the swim conforming to the current fashion


赶时髦



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


gear (n.) :a specific adjustment 0f a toothed wheel(


汽车等的


)

排挡




----------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------


narrowly (adv.) : closely



carefully



thoroughly


仔细地;严密地




------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------


attic (n.) :the room or space just below the roof of a house




garret


顶楼,阁楼




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


covet (v.) : want ardently



long for with envy


垂涎;觊觎




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


cerebral (adj.) :appealing to the intellect rather than the emotions



intellectural


理智的;


凭理智< /p>


行事的




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


pin



up (adj.[colloq



]) : designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the


kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[



](


女子


)


其照片可供 倾慕者钉在墙上的




------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------


proportions (n.) :1ines



shape of the body


线条;身材




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


making (n



[often in p1



]) : the material or qualities needed for the making or development of


something[


常用复


]


素质;内在因素




-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------


carriage (n.) :conduct


< p>
behaviour



posture

< p>
行为;举止;姿态




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


bearing (n.) : way of carrying and conducting oneself

< p>


carriage



m anner


举止,风度,姿态




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


breeding (n.) :good upbringing or train ing


良好的教养


(


或培养

< p>
)



------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------


exquisite (adj.) : very beautiful or lovely



esp

< p>


in a delicate or carefully wrought way


优美的,高


雅的,精致的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


specialty (n.) :an article characterized by special features



superior quality



novelty, etc


.特产;


特制品




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


gravy (adj.) : the juice given off by meat in cooking


肉汁,调味汁




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


dipper (n.) :a long



handled cup or similar container for dipping


长柄杯或类似容器




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


sauerkraut (n.) :chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice with salt


泡菜



------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------


veer (v.) :change direction



shift



turn or swing around


改变方向;转向;变向




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


gamy (adj.) :having a strong



tangy flavor like that of cooked game



strong in smell


有猎物气味


的;气味强烈的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


Holy Toledo adj.[colloq.]) :excel lent[



]


好极了




---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------


reverent (adj.) :feeling



showing



o r characterized by reverence


恭敬的;虔诚的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


greasy (adj.) :smeared with or containing grease



(

或含


)


有油脂的;油污的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


pelt (n.) :the skin of a fur



bearing animal



esp. after it has been stripped from the carcass


毛皮;


生皮




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


canny (adj.) :careful and shrewd in one



s actions and dealings



clever and cautious


谨慎的;机


警的;精明的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


waif (n.) :a person without home or friends



esp



a homeless child


流浪汉;无家可归者;


(




)


流浪儿




------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------


swivel (v.) :turn on


旋转



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


wax (v.) :grow gradually larger



increase in strength< /p>



lntensity



volume



ere


.渐渐 变大;增加




---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------


wane (v.) :become



1ess intense

< br>,


strong



bright



etc


.变弱;减少




---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------


kick (n.[colloq.]) :pleasure


高兴,兴奋



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


loom (v.) :appear



or come in sight indistinctly


隐约出现




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


dimension (n.) :extent


< p>
size



or degree}scope


体积,容积,面积;范围,规模;方面




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


tryst (n.) :an appointment to meet at a specified time and place



esp



one made secretly by lovers


约会;幽会




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


wince (v.) :shrink or draw back slightly



usually with a grimace



as in pain



embarassment, etc



(



疼痛、窘迫等


)


畏缩;退缩



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


tug (v.) :pull hard


< br>drag



haul


用力拉,拖 ,拖曳




------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------


desist (v.) :cease



stop



abstain


停止




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


contrite (adj.) :feeling deep sorrow or remorse for having sinned or done wrong



penitent


懊悔


的;忏悔的< /p>




---------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------


premise (n.) :a previous statement or assertion that serves as the basis for an argument(


尤指逻



)


前提




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


chirp (v.) :speak in a lively



shrill way


嘁嘁喳喳地说




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


deposit (v.) :put



lay or set down


放下,搁下




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


glum (adj.) :feeling or looking gloomy< /p>



sullen


忧郁的,闷闷不乐的




----------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------


ember (n.[usu



in p1.]) :the smoldering remains of a fire[


常用复


]


余烬


,


余火




---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------


smolder (v.) :burn and smoke without flame



be consumed by slow combustion


闷烧;熏烧




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


fraught (adj.) :filled



charged



or loaded


充满?的;蕴含?的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


blubber (v.) :weep loudly, like a child (


小孩般


)


大声哭



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


analogy (n.) :an explaining of something by comparing it point by point with something similar






--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


brief (n.) :a concise statement of the main points of a law case



usually filed by counsel for the


information of the court


诉讼摘要;辩护状




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


blueprint (n.) :a photographic reproduction in white on a blue background



as of architectural or


engineering plans(


建筑或工程设计用的


)


蓝图



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


hypothesis


(n.)


:an


unproved


theo ry



proposition



supposition



etc



tentatively


accepted


to


explain certain facts or to provide a basis for further investigation



argument



et c


.假设;前提



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


yummy (adj.) :[echoic of a sound made in expressing pleasure at a taste][colloq



]very tasty



delectable


< br>delicious[


表示享受美味的象声词


][



]


美味的,可口的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


chunk (n.) :a short



thick piece



as of meat



wood



etc

.一厚块


(


肉、木头等


)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


pitchblende (n.) :a brown to black lustrous mineral



the massive variety of uraninite


沥青铀矿




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


fracture (v.[Am



slang]) :cause to react with enthusiasm[


美俚


]


使着迷




---- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------


gurgle (v.) :make a bubbling sound in the throat



as a contented baby d oes(


婴儿高兴时


)


发咯咯





------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------


notorious (adj.) :widely but unfavorably known or talked about


声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


indignation


(n.)


:anger


or


scorn


resulting


from


injustice,


ingratitude,


or


meanness;


righteous


anger


愤慨,义愤




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


exultant (v.) :exulting



triumphant



jubi lant


狂欢的;欣喜的;兴高采烈的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


hamstring (v.) :disable by cutting a hamstring



lessen or destroy the power or effectiveness of



断?的腿腱以使残废;削弱


(


或破 坏


)


?的力量


(


或功能


)



---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------


cretin (n.) :a person suffering from cretinism



a stupid person


愚侏病者;白痴,傻瓜




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


let



up (v.) :a slackening or lessening



as of effort



a stop or pause


放松


(


努力


)


;中止,休止




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


chink (n.) :a narrow opening



crack



fissure


< br>slit


缝隙;裂口




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


grueling (adj.) :extremely tiring



exhausting


折磨人的;使人筋疲力竭的




--------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------


well



heeled (adj.) :[slang]rich



prospero us[



]


有钱的,富有的

< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------


fashion (v.) :shape



mold


塑造;做成




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


constellation (n.) :the part of the heavens occupied by a number of fixed stars


星座;星宿



< p>
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------


languish (v.) :lose vigor and vitality



become weak


变得萎靡不振;倦怠




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


hollow



eyed (adj.) :having deep



set eyes or dark areas under the eyes



as from sickness or


fatigue(


由于生病或疲倦


)


眼窝凹陷的,有黑眼圈的



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


hulk (n.) :an abandoned wreck or shell


废船



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


surge (v.) :have a heavy



violent swelling motion



move in or as in a surge


汹涌澎湃




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


perspiration (n.) :sweat




< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


wag (v.) :cause something to move rapidly and repeatedly back and forth



from side to side



or up


and down


摇摆。摇动




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


bellow (v.) :cry out loudly, as in anger or pare



(


由于 愤怒或疼痛


)


大声叫




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


reel (v.) :give way or fall back< /p>



sway



w aver, or stagger as from being struck


倒退,退缩;站立


不稳




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


infamy (n.) : very bad reputation; notoriety; disgrace; dishonor


臭名昭著;丢脸,耻辱;不名誉




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


turf (n.) :a surface layer of earth containing grass plants with their matted ro ots



sod


草皮;草地

< p>



-------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------


modulate (v.) :vary the pitch, intensity, etc.(of the voice), to a lower degree


使(声音)转调,是


声音变低




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


knot-head (n.[slang]) :a foolish



stupid person


笨蛋,痂汉




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


jitterbug (n.) :a dance for couples



esp. in the early 19 40



s



i nvolving fast



acrobatic movements


to swing music



[fig]an emotionally unstable person(


尤指


20

< br>世纪


40


年代的


)


吉特巴舞;


[



]



化无常的人




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------



短语



(Expressions)


nothing upstairs :




(Am



slang)empty- headed



a nitwit


没头脑的,愚笨的



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


in the swinl :




conforming to the current fashion


赶时髦












例:



She is always involved in the swim


.她总是追求时髦。




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


get one



s hands on :




to obtain sth


.得到,获得












例:



They all want to get their hands on my money


.他们都觊觎我的钱。




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


go steady :




to date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclu- sively



be sweethearts



会,成为关系确定的情侣












例:



When did you go steady with her?


你和她是什么时候确定恋爱关系的


?



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


out of the picture :




not considered as involved in a situation


不相干的,不合适的












例:




Is Pam still with Eric?




No


< p>
he



s out of the pictur e.



“帕姆还在跟埃里克


在一起吗< /p>


?



“没有,他们已经互不相干了。





----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


get at :




seem to be saying sth



that other people d0 not completely un- derstand


暗示












例:



What exactly are you getting at?


你到底在暗示什么


?



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


have


?


at one



s finger tips :




to be completely familiar with


;精通












例:



We have all the facts and figures at our fingers

< p>
.我们已经掌握了所有的事实和


数字。




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


go far :




to accomplish much



achieve much success


成功,大有前途












例:



Ginny



s a smart girl



and I



m sure she



u go far


.吉尼是个 聪明的姑娘,我


相信她会成功的。




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


knock out :




to elicit enthusiasm or an emotional re sponse



esp



deep sympathy or laughter


使高兴,使情绪激动












例:



The music was just brilliant it really knocked me out


.这音乐太美妙了——它真


让我 激动。




------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------


fire away :




begin;start; talk or ask questions


开始谈话或提问












例:




I have some question.




Fire a way.



“我有问题。


< p>
“请问。





------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


hammer away(at) :




t0 keep emphasizing or talking about


一再强调












例:



He kept hammering away at his demand for a public inq uiry


.他一再强调需要进


行公众调查。



------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------


month of Sundays :




(colloq



)long time


很久,很长的时间




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------



课文翻译:



查尔斯.兰姆是一个世所罕见的性情欢快、富有进取心的人,他那笔下的散文《古瓷器》和

《梦中的孩子》


无拘无束、自由奔放。实在令人难忘。下面这篇文章比兰姆的作品更 加自由


奔放。实际上,用“自由奔放”的字眼来形容这篇文章并不十分确切,或许用“柔 软”



“轻


松”或“轻软而富有弹性” 更为恰如其分。






尽管很难说清这篇文章是属于哪一类,


但可以肯定它是一篇散文小品文。


它提出了论点。


引用了许多 例证,并得出了结论。卡菜尔能写得更好吗


?


罗斯金呢


?






这篇文章意在论证逻辑学非但不枯燥乏味而且活泼、


清新、


富于关感和激情,


并给人以


启迪。诸位不妨一读。







——作者注







我这个 人头脑冷静,逻辑思维能力强。敏锐、慎重、聪慧、深刻、机智一一这些就是


我的特点。


我的大脑像发电机一样发达,


孳化学家的天平一样精确,像手术 刀一样锋利。一


一你知道吗


?


我才十八 岁呀。






年纪这么轻而智力又如此非凡的人并不常有。


就拿在明尼苏达大 学跟我同住一个房间的


皮蒂


?


伯奇来说 吧,他跟我年龄相哆’经历一样,可他笨得像头驴。小伙子长得年轻漂亮,


可惜脑子里却 空空如也。


他易于激动,情绪反复无常,容易受别人的影响。


最 糟的是他爱赶


时髦。我认为,赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。见到一


q9


种新鲜的东西就跟着学,以为别

人都在那么干,自己也就卷进去傻干——这在我看来,简直愚蠢至极,但皮蒂却不以为然。

< br>






一天下午我看见皮蒂躺在床上,脸上显露出一种痛苦不堪的表 情,我立刻断定他是得


了阑尾炎。


“别动,

”我说,


“别吃泻药,我就请医生来。


< br>






“浣熊,


”他咕哝着说。







“浣熊


?


”我停下来问道。





“我要一件浣熊皮大衣,


”他痛苦地哭叫着。






我明白 了,他不是身体不舒服,而是精神上不太正常。


“你为什么要浣熊皮大衣


?







“我本早该知道,


”他哭叫着,用拳头捶打着太阳穴,


“我早该知道查尔斯登舞再度流行


时,浣熊皮大衣也会时兴起来的。我真傻,钱都买了课本,可现在不能买浣熊皮大衣了。








我带着怀疑的眼神问道:


“你是说人们真的又要穿浣熊皮大衣吗


?








“校园里有身分的人哪个不穿


?


你刚从哪儿来


?








“图书馆,


”我说了一个有身分的人不常去的地方。







他从床上一跃而起,


在房间里踱来踱 去。


“我一定要弄到一件浣熊皮大衣,



他激动地说,


“非弄到不可


!








“皮蒂,你怎么啦


?


冷静地想一想吧,浣熊皮大衣不卫生,掉毛,味道难闻,既笨重又


不好看,而且 ??







“你不懂,


”他不耐烦地打断我的话 。


“这就叫时髦。难道你不想赶时髦吗


?








“不想,


”我坦率地回答。






“好啦 ,


我可想着呢


!


他肯定地说。


“只要有浣熊皮大衣,


要我什么我都给,


什么都行


!









我的大脑一一这件精密的仪器一一即刻运转起来。

< p>
我仔细地打量着他,


问道:


“什么都



?








“什么都行


!


”他斩钉截铁地说。







我若有所思地抚着下巴。


好极了,< /p>


我知道哪儿能弄到浣熊皮大衣。


我父亲在大学读书时


就穿过一件,


现在还放在家里顶楼的箱子里。


恰好皮 蒂也有我需要的东西。


尽管他还没有弄


到手,但至少他有优先权 。我说的是他的女朋友波利


.


埃斯皮。






我早已 钟情于波利埃斯皮了。


我要特别说明的是,


我想得到这妙龄少女 并不是由于感情


的驱使。


她确实是个易于使人动情的姑娘。


可我不是那种让感情统治理智的人,


我想得到波

利是经过了慎重考虑的,完全是出于理智上的原因。







我是法 学院一年级的学生,过不了几年就要挂牌当律师了。我很清楚,一个合适的妻


子对一个律 师的前途来说是非常重要的。我发现大凡有成就的律师几乎都是和美丽、文雅、


聪明的女 子结婚的。波利只差一条就完全符合这些条件了。






她漂亮。


尽管她的身材还没有挂在墙上的美女照片那么苗条,


但我相信时间会弥补这个

< p>
不足。她已经大致不差了。







她温文 尔雅——我这里是指她很有风度。


她婷婷玉立,落落大方,


泰然 自若,


一眼就看


得出她很有教养。她进餐时,动作是那样的优美 。我曾看见过她在“舒适的校园之角”吃名


点——一块夹有几片带汁的炖肉和碎核桃仁的 三明治,


还有一小杯泡菜——手指儿一点儿也


没有沾湿。





< p>
她不聪明,


实际上恰好相反。但我相信有我的指导,


她会变得聪明的。


无论如何可以试


一试,使一个漂亮的笨姑娘 变得聪明比使一个聪明的丑姑娘变得漂亮毕竟要容易些。






“皮蒂,


”我说,


“你在跟波利谈恋爱吧


?


”< /p>







“我觉得她是一个讨人喜欢的姑娘,



他回答说,


“但我不知道这是不是就叫做爱情。



问这个干吗


?








“你和她有什么正式的安排吗


?


我是说你们是不是常有约会,或者有诸如此类的事情


?



我问。






“没有,我们常常见面。但我们俩 各自有别的约会。你问这个干嘛


?








“还有没有别人使她特别喜欢呢


?


”我问道 。





< /p>


“那我可不知道。你问这些干吗


?








我满意地点点头说:


“这就是说。如 果你不在,场地就是空着的。你说是吗


?






“我想是这样。你这话是什么意思


?








“没什么,没什么,


”我若无其事地说,接着把手提皮箱从壁橱里拿 了出来。







“你去哪儿


?


”皮蒂问。







“回家 过周末。


”我把几件衣服扔进了提箱。






“听着 ,


”他焦急的抓住我的胳膊说,


“你回家后,从你父亲那儿弄点 钱来借给我买一件


浣熊皮大衣,好吗


?








“也许不仅只是这样呢。


”我神秘地 眨着眼睛说,随后关上皮箱就走了。







星期一 上午我回到学校时对皮蒂说:


“你瞧


!


”我猛地打开皮箱,那件肥大、毛茸茸、


散发着怪味的东西露了出来,这就是我父亲


1925


年在施图茨比尔凯特汽车里穿过的那一件

< br>浣熊皮大衣。






“太好了


!


”皮蒂恭敬的说。他把两只手插进那件皮大衣,然后把头也埋了进去。


“太好

< p>


!


”他不断地重复了一二十遍。





“你喜欢吗


?


”我问道。







“哦,喜欢


!


”他高声叫着,把那满是油腻 的毛皮紧紧地搂在怀里。接着他眼里露出机


警的神色,说着:


“ 你要什么换呢


?







“你的女朋友,


”我毫不讳言地说。







“波利


?


”他吃惊了,结结巴巴地说,


“你要波利


?








“是的。









他把皮大衣往旁一扔,毫不妥协的说:


“那可不行。









我耸了 耸肩膀说:


“好吧,如果你不想赶时髦,那就随你的便好了。









我在一把椅子上坐了下来,假装读 书,暗暗地瞟着皮蒂。他神情不安,用面包店窗前


的流浪儿那种馋涎欲滴的神情望着那件 皮大衣,


接着扭过头去,


坚定地咬紧牙关。

过了一会


儿,他又回过头来把目光投向那件皮大衣,脸上露出更加渴望的神情。


等他再扭过头去,已


经不那么坚决了。


他看 了又看,


越看越爱,


慢慢地决心也就减弱了。

< br>最后他再也不扭过头去,


只是站在那儿,贪婪地盯着那件皮大衣。







“我和波利好像不是在谈恋爱,


”< /p>


他含含糊糊地说。


“也说不上经常约会或有诸如此类的

< p>
事情。








“好的,


”我低声地说。







“波利对我算得了什么


?


我对波利又算得了 什么


?








“只不 过是一时高兴


-----


不过是说说笑笑罢了,如此而已。








“试试大衣吧。


”我说






“他照 办了。衣领蒙住了他的耳朵,


下摆一直拖到脚跟。


他看起



来活像一具浣熊尸体。


他高兴地说:


“挺合身的。









“我从椅子上站了起来。


“成交了吗


?


”我说着,把手伸向他。







他轻易 地接受了。


“算数.


”他说,并跟我握了握手。







第二天晚上,我与波利第一次约会了。这一次实际上是我对她 的考察。我想弄清要作


多大的努力才能使她的头脑达到我的要求。我首先请她去吃饭。< /p>


“哈,这顿饭真够意思,


”离


开餐馆时她 说。然后我请她去看电影。


“嘿,这片子真好看,


”走出影院时 她说。最后我送她


回家。和我道别时她说:


“嘿,今晚玩得真痛 快。









我带着 不大痛快的心情回到了房间。我对这任务的艰巨性估计得太低了。这姑娘的知


识少得叫人 吃惊。


只是给她增加知识还不够,


首先得教她学会思考。


这可不是一件容易的事,


当时我真想把她还给皮蒂算了。


但我一想到她那充满魅力的身材,


她那进屋时的模样,


她那


拿刀叉的姿式,我还是决定再作一番努力。







就像做其他的事情一样,我开始有计划地干了起来。我开始给她上辑课。幸好我是一


个学法律的学生,


我自己也正在学逻辑学,


所以 对要教的内容我都很熟悉。


当我接她赴第二


次约会时,我对她说 :


“今晚上咱们去‘小山’谈谈吧”







“啊, 好极了,


”她回答道。对这姑娘我要补充一句的是,像她这么好商量的人是不多


见的。






我们去了“小山”


,这是校园里人们 幽会的地方。我们坐在一棵老橡树下,她用期待的


眼神看着我。


“我们谈些什么呢


?


”她问。






她想了 一会儿,觉得不错,便说:


“好极了。







“ 逻辑学,


”我清了清嗓了,


“就是思维的科学。在我们能正确地 思维之前,首先必须学


会判别逻辑方面的常见谬误。我们今晚就要来谈谈这些。









“哇< /p>


!


”她叫了起来,高兴地拍着手。






我打了 个寒噤,


但还是鼓足勇气讲下去:



首 先我们来考究一下被称为绝对判断的谬误。




“好呀


!


”她眨了眨眼,催促着。





“绝对判断指的是根据一种无条件的前提推出的论断。譬如说,运动是有益的,因此人


人 都要运动。







“不错,


”波利认真地说,


“运动是非常有益的,它能增强体质,好处太多了

!








“波利,


”我温和地说,


“这种论点是谬误。运动有益是一种无条件的前提。比方说,假


设你得了心脏病,运动不但无益,反而有害,


有不少人医生就不准他们运 动。你必须给这种


前提加以限制。你应该说,一般来说运动是有益的。或者说,对大多数 人是有益的。否则就


是犯了绝对判断的错误,懂吗


?

< p>







“不懂,


”她坦率地说。


“这可太有意思了,讲吧


!

往下讲吧


!








“你最好别拉我袖子了,


”我对她说。等她松了手,我继续讲:


“下面我们讲一种被称为


草率结论的谬误。你仔细听:你不会讲法语 ,我不会讲法语,皮蒂也不会讲法语。因此我就


会断定在明尼苏达大学谁也不会讲法语。








“真的


?


”波利好奇的问道,


“谁也不会吗


?< /p>









我压住 火气。


“波利,这是一种谬误,这是一种草率的结论。


能使这种 结论成立的例证


太少了。








“你还知道其他的谬误吗


?


”她气喘吁吁地 说:


“这真比跳舞还有意思啦


!








我极力地使自己不灰心。我真拿这姑娘没办法,的确是毫无办 法。


可是,


如果我不坚持


下去,我就太 没有用了。因此,我继续讲下去。






“现在听我讲讲‘牵强附会’的谬误。听着:我们不要带比尔 出去野餐。每次带他一起


去,天就下雨。







“我就见过这样的人,


”她感叹地说。


“我们家乡有个女孩,名叫尤拉


?


蓓克尔。从没有


例外,每次我们带她去野餐??”







“波利 ,


”我严厉地说,


“这是一种谬误。下雨并不是尤拉蓓克尔造成 的,下雨与她没有


任何关系。如果你责怪尤拉


?


蓓克尔,你就是犯了牵强附会的错误。








“我再也不这样了,


”她懊悔地保证说。


“ 你生我的气了吗


?






我深深地叹了一口气:

< p>
“不,波利,我没生气。








“那么,给我再讲些谬误吧


!


< p>






“好,让我们来看看矛盾前提吧。








“行,行,


”她叽叽喳喳地叫着,两眼闪现出快乐的光芒。






我皱了皱眉头,


但还是接着讲下去。


“这里有一个矛 盾前提的例子:


如果上帝是万能的,


他能造出一块连他自己也搬 不动的大石头吗


?








“当然能,


”她毫不犹豫地回答道。














“但是 如果他是万能的,他就能搬动那块石头呀,


”我提醒她。





“是嘛


!


”她若有所思地说,


“嗯,我想他造不出那样的石头。






“但他是万能的啊,


”我进一步提醒她。






她用手 抓了抓她那漂亮而又空虚的脑袋。


“我全搞糊涂了,


”她承认说 。




“你确实糊涂了。因为一种论点 的各个前提相互问是矛盾的,


这种论点就不能成立。如


果有一种 不可抗拒的力量.就不可能有一种不可移动的物体;如果有一种不可移动的物体,


就不可 能有一种不可抗拒的力量。懂吗


?







“再给 我讲些这类新奇的玩意儿吧,


”她恳切地说。






我看了 看表,说:


“我想今晚就谈到这里。我现在该送你回去了。你把所学的东西复习


一遍,我们明晚上再来上一课吧。








我把她送到了女生宿舍,


在那里她向我保证说这个晚上她过得非常痛 快。


我闷闷不乐地


回到了我的房间,


皮 蒂正鼾声如雷地睡在床上。


那件浣熊皮大衣像一头多毛的野兽扒在他的

< br>脚边。我当时真想把他叫醒,告诉他可以把他的女朋友要回去。看来我的计划会要落空了。


这姑娘对逻辑简直是一点儿都不开窍。






但是我回过头一想,既然已经浪费 了一个晚上,不妨还是再花一个晚上看看。天晓得,


说不定她头脑里的死火山口中的什么 地方,


还有些火星会喷射出来呢。


也许我会有办法能把


这些火星扇成熊熊烈焰。当然,成功的希望是不大的,但我还是决定再试一次。

< br>





第二天晚上我们又坐在那棵橡树下,我说:


“今晚上我们要谈的第一种谬误叫做文不对


题。








她高兴得都发抖了。






“注意听,


”我说。


“有个人申请工作,当老板问他所具备的条件时,他回答说他家有妻


子和六个孩子。妻子完全残废了,孩子们没吃的,没穿的,睡觉没有床,生火没有煤,眼看


冬天就要到了。








两滴眼 泪顺着波利那粉红的面颊往下滚。



啊,


这太可怕了


!


太可怕了


!

< p>


她抽泣着说。





的,是太可怕了,


”我同意地说。


“但这可不成其为申请工作的理由。


那人根本没有回答老板

< p>
提出的关于他的条件的间题,反而祈求老板的同情。他犯了文不对题的错误。你懂吗


!








“你带 手帕了没有


?


”她哭着说






我把手 帕递给她。当她擦眼泪时,我极力控制自己的火气。


“下面,


” 我小心地压低声调


说,


“我们要讨论错误类比。这里有一个例子 :应该允许学生考试时看课本。既然外科医生


在做手术时可以看


X


光片,


律师在审案时可以看案由,


木 匠在造房子时可以看蓝图,


为什么


学生在考试时不能看课本呢< /p>


?








“这个 ,


”她满怀激情地说,


“可是我多少年来听到的最好的主意。< /p>








“波利,


”我生气地说,


“这种论点全错了。医生、律师和木匠并不是以参加考试的方式


去测验他们所学的东西。


学生们才是这样。


情况 完全不同,


你不能在不同的情况之间进行类


比”








“我还是觉得这是个好主意,


”波利说。







“咳


!< /p>



我嘀咕着,


但我还是执意地往下讲,< /p>


“接下去我们试试与事实相反的假设吧。





利的反应是:


“倒挺好。








“你听着:如果居里夫人不是碰巧 把一张照相底片放在装有一块沥清铀矿石的抽屉里,


那么世人今天就不会知道镭。








“对,


对 ,



波利点头称是。


“你看过那部影片 吗


?


哦,


真好看。

沃尔特


?


皮金演得太好了.



是说他让我着迷了。








“如果你能暂时忘记皮金先生,


”我冷冰冰地说,

< br>“我会愿意指出这种说法是错误的。



许居里夫人以后会 发现镭的,


也许由别人去发现,


也许还会发生其他的事情。


你不能从一个


不实际的假设出发,从中得出任何可站得住脚的结论。







“人们真应该让沃尔特皮金多拍些照片,


波利说,


“我几乎再也看不到他了。



我决定


再试一次,

< p>
但只能一次。


一个人的忍耐毕竟是有限度的。


我说 :


“下一个谬误叫做井下放毒。








“多聪明啊


!


”她咯咯笑了起来。






“有两个人在进行一场辩论。第一个人站起来说:


‘我的论敌是个劣迹昭彰的 骗子。他


所说的每一句话都不可信。


’??波利,现在你想想, 好好想一想。这句话错在哪里


?








她紧锁着眉头,


我凝神地看着她。


突然,< /p>


一道智慧的光芒——这是我从未看到过的一一


闪现在她的眼中。< /p>


“这不公平,


”她气愤地说,


“一点都不 公平。如果第一个人不等第二个人


开口就说他是骗子,那么第二个人还有什么可说的呢< /p>


?








“对< /p>


!



我高兴地叫了起来,


“百分之百的对,


是不公平。


第一个人还不等别人喝到 井水,


就在井下放毒了。


他还不等他的对手开口就已经




伤害了他。


??波 利,


我真为你感到骄


傲。


< p>






她轻轻地“哼”了一声,高兴得脸郡发红了。






“你看 ,亲爱的,这些问题并不深奥,只要精力集中,就能对付。思考——分析—一判


断。来, 让我们把所学过的东西再复习一遍吧。








“来吧,


”她说着。把手往上一晃。



看到波利并不那么傻,我的劲头上来了。于是,我


便开始把对她 讲过的一切,长时间地、耐心地复习了一遍。我给她一个一个地举出例子,指


出其中的错 误,不停地讲下去。就好比挖掘一条隧道,开始只有劳累、汗水和黑暗,不知道


什么时候 能见到光亮,甚至还不知道能否见到光亮。但我坚持着,凿啊,挖啊,刮啊,终于


得到了 报偿。


我见到了一线光亮,


这光亮越来越大,

< br>终于阳光洒进来了,


一切都豁然开朗了。






我辛辛 苦苦地花了五个晚上,


但总算还是没有白费,


我使波利变成一个 逻辑学家了,



教她学会了思考。我的任务完成了,

< p>
她最终还是配得上我的。


她会成为我贤慧的妻子,


我那


些豪华公馆里出色的女主人。我那些有良好教养的孩子们的合格的母亲。

< p>





不要以为我不爱这姑娘了,


恰恰相反。


正如皮格马利翁 珍爱他自己塑造的完美的少女像


一样,


我也非常地爱我的波利。


我决定下次会面时把自己的感情向她倾吐。


该是把我们师生


式的关系转化为爱情的时候了。






“波利,


”当我们又坐在我们那棵橡树下时,我说。


“今晚我们不再讨论谬误了。








“怎么啦


?


”她失望地问道。







“亲爱 的,


”我友好地对她笑了笑,


“我们已经一起度过了五个晚上, 我们相处得很好。


显然我们俩是很相配的。


< br>






“草率结论,


”波利伶俐地说。







“你是说?


?


”我问道。

< br>






“草率结论,


她重复了一遍。


“你怎么能凭我们仅有的五次约会就说我们俩很相配呢


?







我咯咯一笑,觉得挺有意思。这可 爱的小家伙功课学得可真不错。


“亲爱的,


< br>我耐心地


拍打着她的手说,


“五次约会就不少了,毕竟你 不必把整个蛋糕吃下去才知道蛋糕的甜味。








“错误类比,


”波利敏捷地说。


“我可不是 蛋糕,我是个女孩子。


”我微微一笑,但这次


不感到那么有意思 了。这可爱的孩子功课或许是学得太好了。


我决定改变策略。显然,

最好


的办法就是态度明朗,


直接了当地向她表示爱。


我沉默了一会儿,


用我特别发达的脑袋挑选


着 合适的词句。然后我便开始说:







“波利,我爱你。对我来说,你就 是整个世界,是月亮,是星星,是整个宇宙。我亲爱


的,请说你爱我吧。如果你不这样, 我的生活就失去意义了。我将会萎靡不振,茶不饮,饭


不思,到处游荡,成为一个步履蹒 跚、双眼凹下的躯壳。








我交叉着双手站在那里,心想这下子可打动了她。






“文不对题,


”波利说。






我咬咬 牙。我不是皮格马利翁,我是弗兰肯斯坦,我的喉咙似乎一下子让魔鬼卡住了。


我极力地 控制涌上心头的阵阵痛楚。无论怎样,我电要保持冷静。






“好了,波利,

< br>”我强装着笑脸说,


“这些谬误你的确已学到家了。


”< /p>







“这可说得很对,


”她使劲地点了点 头说道。






“可是波利,这一切是谁教给你的


?








“你教的嘛。







“是的 ,那你得感谢我呀。是吗,亲爱的


?


要是我不和你在一起,你永 远也不会学到这


些谬误的”








“与事实相反的假设,


”波利不加思索地说着。





我摔掉了额前的汗珠。


“波利,


”我用嘶哑的声音说道,


“你不要死板地接受这些东西。


我是说那只是课堂上讲的东西。你知道 学校学的东西与现实生活毫不相关。








“绝对判断,


”她说道,嬉戏地向我摇摇指头。





这一下可使我恼火了。


我猛地跳了起来,


像公牛似地吼叫着,< /p>


“你到底想不想跟我相爱


?


< p>






“我不想,


”她答道。






“为什 么不想


?


”我追问着。







“因为今天下午我答应了皮蒂伯奇,我愿意和他相爱。


< p>






我被皮蒂这一无耻的行径气得一阵晕眩,

情不自禁地向后退去。


皮蒂答应了我,


跟我成


了交,还跟我握了手呢


!


“这个可耻的家伙


!


”我尖着嗓子大叫,把一块块草皮踢了起来。


“你


不能跟他在一起,波利。他是一个说谎的人,一个骗子,一个可耻的家伙

< p>
!








“井下 放毒,


”波利说。


“别叫嚷了,我认为大声叫嚷就是一种谬误。








我以极大的意志力把语气缓和下来 。


“好吧,


”我说,


“你是一个逻辑学 家。那就让我们


从逻辑上来分析这件事吧。你怎么会看得中皮蒂,而看不起我呢


?


你瞧我一个才华横溢的学


生,


一个了不起的知识分子,


一个前途无量的人;


而皮蒂— —一个笨蛋,


一个反复无常的人,


一个吃了上顿不知有没有下顿 的家伙。


你能给我一个合乎逻辑的理由来说明你为什么要跟皮


蒂 好吗


?






“当然能,


”波利肯定地说。


“他有一件浣熊皮大衣。





Lesson Six



DISAPPEARING THR0UGH THE SKYLIGHT






































Osborne Bennet Hardison Jr.




词汇


(Vocabulary)



skylight (n.) : a window in a roof or ceiling


天窗




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


thermodynamics (n.) : the branch of physics dealing with the reversible transformation of heat


into


other


forms


or


energy



esp.


mechanical


energy



and


with


the


laws


governing


such


conversions of energy


热力学




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


genetics (n.) : the branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation in similar or related


animals and plants


遗传学




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


mutation (n.) : a change



as in form



nature



qualities



etc.(


在形式、本质等上


)


变化




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


discredit (v.) : reject as untrue



disbelieve


不相信;怀疑




--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------


corollary (n.) : an inference or deduction


推理,推论




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


homogeneous (adj.) : of the same race or kind


同类的,同族的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


clarity (n.) : the quality or condition of being clear



cle arness


明晰;清辙




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


streamline


(v.)


:


design


or


construct


with


a


contour


that


offers


the


least


resistance


in


moving


through air



water



etc


.把?制成流线型




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


asset (n.) : anything owned that has exchange value



a valuable or desirable thing to have


财产;


有交 换价值的占有物;有价值的东西




- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------


cylinder (n.) : the chamber in which the piston moves in a reciprocating engine


汽缸




-- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------


carburetor (n.) : an apparatus for carbureting air or gas



eap



a device in which air is mixed with


gasoline spray to make an explosive mixture in an internal



combustion engine


化油器,


汽化器;


碳化器

< br>



----------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------


transmission (n.) : the part of an automobile



truck



etc



that transmits motive force from the


engine to the wheels



usually by means of gears or hydraulic cylinders


传动;变速器




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


mall (n.) : a completely enclosed



airconditioned shopping center


密闭式空调商场




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


cosmopolitan (adj.) : common to or representative of all or many parts of the world



not national


or local


世界主义的,属于世界的;不限于国家或地区范围的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


imperative (n.) : a binding or compelling rule



duty, requir ement



etc


.规则;义务;要 求;必


须履行的责任




--------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------


catastrophe (n.) : a disastrous end



bringing overthrow or ruin



any great and sudden calamity



disaster or misfortune


悲惨的结局;毁灭;骤然而来的大灾难




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


reminisce (v.) : think



talk



or write about remembered events or experiences


追忆往事;怀旧




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


blasphemy (n.) :profane or contemptuous speech



writing< /p>



or action concerning God or anything


held as divine



any remark or action held to be irreverent or disrespectful


渎 神,亵渎


(


上帝或圣



)


;辱骂,谩骂




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


rehabilitation (n.) : the restoration to reputation



rank



etc


.恢复


(

< br>名誉、地位等


)


;雪耻




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


plasticity (n.) : state or quality of being easily shaped or moulded


可塑性;适应性



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


insubstantial (adj.) : not substantial



not real

< br>;


imaginary



not solid or firm


非物质的;无实体


的;想象的;不 结实的




------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------


undermine (v.) : wear away at the base or foundation; injure



weaken


削弱?的基础;伤害;削





--------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------


molecule


(n.)


:


smallest


unit


into


which


a


substance


can


be


divided


without


a


change


in


its


chemical nature


分子




---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------


galaxy


(n.)


:


any


of


innumerable


large


groupings


of


stars




typically


containing


millions


to


hundreds of billions of stars


星系



< br>----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------


artifact (n.) : any object made by human work


人工制品



< /p>


---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------


skepticism (n.) : doubting attitude


怀疑态度




------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------


particle (n.) : a piece of matter so small as to be considered without magnitude though having


inertia and the force of attraction


粒子;质点




--------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------


juxtaposition (n.) : the act of placing



or the state of being placed



side by side or close together


并列,并置




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


collage (n.) : an art form in which bits of objects



as new spapers



cloth



pressed flowers



etc< /p>




are


pasted


together


on


a


surface


in


incongruous


relationship


for


their


symbolic


or


suggestive


effect


美术拼贴


(


在画面上拼贴报纸、布、压平的花等互不相干的碎片 的艺术形式


)



--------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------


ad hoc ([Latin]) : for this specific parpose



for a special case only



without general applica tion



此目的;特别,特定




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


static (adj.) : not moving or progressing



at rest


inactive



stati onary


静止的;不活动的;固定





--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


virtuosity (n.) : great technical skill in some fine art



esp




in the performance or music



interest


in or taste for the fine arts



e sp




a sensitive but amateur interest(


音乐演奏的


)< /p>


精湛技艺;


对艺


术的爱好


(


或浅薄涉猎


)



------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


lacy (adj.) : of lace



like lace


有花边的;花边状的




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


etch (v.) : engrave(a metal plate



glass



etc



)by the action of an acid



esp



by coating the surface


with wax and letting acid eat into the lines or areas laid bare with a special needle


蚀镂,蚀刻


(< /p>



案、图画等


)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


assertive (adj.) : marked by or expressing forceful statements or claims


肯定的,断定的,武断的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


bulldozer (n.) : a large



shovellike blade on the front of a tractor for pushing or moving earth



debris


etc




a tractor with such a blade


推土铲;推土机




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


truss (n.) : an architectural bracket or modillion



a bundle or pack


构架,托座;束,捆,扎




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


bleary (adj.) : dim or blurred as the eyes are from lack of rest or when one first a wakens


睡眼惺忪


的;


(


视力


)


朦胧的




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


malice (n.) : active


川< /p>


will



desire to harm another or to do mischief


敌意;怨恨




----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------


granite (n.) : a very hard


,< /p>


crystalline



pluton ic rock



gray to pink in color



consisting of feldspar



quartz


and smaller amounts of dark ferromagnesian minerals


花岗岩




------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------


vault (n.) : a secure room



often with individual safe



deposit boxes



for the safe keeping of


valuables or money



as in a bank(

银行等的


)


保险库;贵重物品储藏处




------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------


slot



machine : a machine



as a vending machine



worked by inserting a coin in a slot


投入一枚


硬币即自行开动的 机器


(


如自动售货机


)



--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


trailer (n.) : a cart



wagon



or large van



designed to be pulled by an automobile



truck


or tractor



for hauling freight


拖车,挂车




--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----


transaction (n.) : something tran sacted


事务


(


尤指交易、协议< /p>


)



--------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------


haze (n.) : a thin vapor of fog



smoke



dust



etc




in the air that reduces visibility


阴霾,薄雾




短语



(Expressions)



in the fullness of time:




at the appropriate or right time



eventually


在 适当的时候,


时机成熟


时,终于












例:



I



m sure he



ll tell us what



s bothering him in the fullness of time.


我肯定他会


在适当的时候 告诉我们他的困扰的。




----- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------


in the middle distance :




the normal distance for the eye to observe objects


通常肉眼看到物体


的距离












例:



The building is in the middle distance



so we can see it clear-Iy.


楼房跟我们距离


适中,我们能很清晰地看到 。




Lesson Seven



The Libido for the Ugly





H. L. Mencken

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