2014年高考英语试题及答案(辽宁卷)

2014

辽宁高考英语卷

第二部分

阅读理解

第一节

（共

15

小题；每小题

2

分，

满分

30

分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（

A,B,C,D

）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸

上将该项涂黑。

< br>

A

A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on

exams than those who use laptops.

Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility. But

the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have

been taught.

Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased

the te

ndency to make notes ”mindlessly” by taking down word for word what the professors said.

In the first experiment, students were given either a laptop or pen and paper. They listened to

the same lectures and were examined on their ability and to remember facts and on how well they

understood concept.

The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those wrote by hand.

However, the type is performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups

scored similarly when it comes to memorizing facts.

The researchers’ report said, “ While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken

mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.

In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but

were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the students who wrote notes by hand performed

significantly better on the exam.

These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate

learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.

21.

More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can___.

A write more notes

C get higher scores

B digest concepts better

D understand lectures better

22. While taking notes, laptops users tend to be___.

A skillful

B mindless

D tireless

C thoughtful

23. The author of the passage aims to ___.

A examine the importance of long- term memory

B stress the benefit of taking notes by hand

C explain the process of taking notes

D promote the use of laptops.

24. The passage is likely to appear in ___.

A a newspaper advertisement

C a science magazine

B a computer textbook

D a finance report

B

(Q=Question; A=Answer)

Situation 1

Q: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move

A

：

Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that the close sitter doesn’t realize he

disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly aren’t the first person he’s met

who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.

Situation 2

Q:If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something

A: Consider frequently and urgency. Is this a one-

time thing or an emergency If so, you don’t have

to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bathroom at

this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one.

Situation 3

Q: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down

A: No. Try other means:1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down.

2) Lift your

finger in a silence motion and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.

Situation 4

Q: If I remember my friend’s birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a hap

py

birthday like nothing happened

A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. “ Happy belated birthday!” is short for:

“Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.”

Situation 5

Q: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it

A: Don’t lie. Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly

good lie when the truth will serve “Yes,”you can say if ever asked, “ I saw it.” No explanation is

needed as to wh

y you don’t respond.

25. You will get annoyed in a theater when___.

A a person is too active

B a person is too rude to you

C a person talks too loudly

D a person sits too close to you

26. How will you quiet someone down in a public place

A. By making fun of him continuously

B By looking purposefully at him

C By talking to him directly

D By pointing angrily at him

27. The underlined word “belated” in Situation 5 probably means___.

A predicted

B returned

C cancelled

D delayed

28. What is the passage mainly about

A Modern ways to mind your manners.

B Different ways to change others’ manners

C Proper manners to offer help to others

D Good manners to talk to people

C

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass

on their wealth to the next generation

UBC Professor Simard explained how trees are much more complex than most of us ever

imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest,

Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their

co-

operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.

Nitrogen and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi networks, making sure

that all tress in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all

healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons in our brains,

and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other

trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting

important minerals to young tress so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother

trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” of the networks on which they

feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

“ We didn’t take any notice of

it

.” Simard says sadly. “ Dying trees move nutrition into t

he

young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to

the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection

efforts for the future.

29. The underlined sentence “ the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees___.

A compete for survival

B protect their own wealth

C depend on each other

D provide support for dying tress

30. “Mother trees” are extremely important because they ___.

A look the largest in size in the forest

B pass on nutrition to young trees

C seem more likely to be cut down by humans

D know more about the complex “tree societies”

31. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ___.

A how “tree societies ” work

B how trees grow old

C how forestry industry develops

D how young trees survive

32. What would be the best title for the passage

A Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C Trees Are More Awesome That You Think

D Trees Contribute To Our Society

D

Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees and profits of

over $$2 million per year. He’s never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of

his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis to

ok her away. “Your

working uniform is your shelter,” he told her, “ Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will

always be as strong as you want to be.”

Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that

began o

n his first day and continue throughout an employee’s occupation. The training has Travis

says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live. how to focus, how to get to work on time,

and how to master his emotions. Most importantly, it taught him willpower.

At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all- important habit willpower.

Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person’s success.

And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a hab

it. “sometimes it looks like

people with great self-

control aren’t working hard—but that’s because they’ve made it

automatic. ” Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said, “ Their

willpower occurs without them having to think

about it.”

The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on

self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in

workers’ lives. Those courses are, in part, why

G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a

large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more $$ 10 billion year.

33. We learn from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must___.

A learn to give lectures

B attend education programs

C design a working uniform

D develop a common hobby

34. Willpower will become a habit when employees can___.

A focus on the profits

B benefit from the job

C protect themselves well

D control their feelings well

35. What can we infer from the passage

A G&G has grow into a large company

B G&G will spend half its profits training employees

C G&G may become more successful in the future

D G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers

第二节（共

5

题；每小题

2

分，满分

10

分）

根据短文内容，

从短文后的选项中，

选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

余选项。

Eyesight plays a

very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are

working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight,

but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions

for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.

?

Schedule yearly exams. __36___ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months

of age to the doctor for a careful cheek. The good news is that millions of children now

can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.

?

Protect against UV rays. Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter

what the reason is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses.

___37___

?

Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using

computers or other digital

Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule:

every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.

?

__39___ As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C

and E help protect eyesight an promote eye health.

?

Practice

safe

wear

and

care

of

contact

lenses.

Many

Americans

use

contact

lenses

to

improve

their

eyesight.

While

some

follow

the

medical

guidance

for

wearing

contact

lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. __40__Otherwise,

you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.

A.

Eat your greens

B.

Eye care should begin early in life

C.

They can properly protect your eyes.

D.

Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins

E.

Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight

F.

Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear

G.

This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.

第三部分

语言知识运用（共两节，满分

45

分）

第一节

完型填空（共

20

小题，每小题分，满 分

30

分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项

（

A,B,C,D

）

中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项 ，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with

my wife, Eleanor. We had__41__ to meet at the restaurant at seven o’clock. I felt a little uneasy,

but to my _42_, I

had a good excuse: A business meeting had __43__ and I’d wasted no time

getting to the dinner.

When I arrived at the _44___ and I apologized and told Eleanor I didn’t mean to be late. She

screamed, “ You never mean to.”

Well, I _45__ tell she was angry. “I’m sorry but it was

not__46__. ” I said. Then I told her about the business , my explanation seemed to make things

worse, which started to drive __48_ mad as well.

Several weeks later, when I _49__ the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled. “ You

_

50___ a class mistake.

You’re stuck__51__ your own way of thinking. You didn’t _52__ to be

late. But that’s not the point. What is _53__ in your communication is how your lateness affected

Eleanor.

” He pointed out that I focused on the intention_54__

Eleanor focused on the results.

Thus, __55_ of us felt misunderstood and crazy.

Thinking more about Ken’s words, I _56_ recognized the root cause of such disagreement.

It’s the result of the action that really_57__. I should have started the conversation by e

xpressing

_58___ my actions affected Eleanor and _59___the discussions about my intention for later, much

later and even never,

Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really __60_ her experience of the results of my

lateness, I’ve managed to be on time a l

ot more frequently.

41.

A.

42.

A.

43.

A.

44.

A.

45.

A.

46.

A.

47.

A.

48.

A.

49.

A.

50.

A.

51.

A.

52.

A.

53.

A.

54.

A.

55.

A.

56.

A.

57.

A.

started

relief

B agreed

B surprise

C continued

C regret

D managed

D sorrow

D run over

D supermarket

D might

D avoidable

D Otherwise

D them

D described

D took

D against

D intend

D simple

D unless

D neither

D gradually

D challenges

broken out

house

could

B closed down

B room

B must

C faded away

C restaurant

C will

movable

However

her

spread

knew

in

need

funny

while

all

B comfortable

B Therefore

B him

C acceptable

C Moreover

C me

B wrote

B made

B beyond

B prove

C translated

C found

C for

C pretend

C possible

C until

C both

B important

B after

B none

B merely

B matters

usually

inspires

C hardly

C improves