-
“
it
”的常用句型
湖北省嘉鱼一中
黄继兰
1. It is/was
+
被强调部
分
+that/who
…
强调句型极易与下列其他句型混淆
,
故高考也常考查
这方面的内容。做题时首先判断该
题是否为强调句型。把
“It
be
…that”
去掉,如果剩余
部分句子结构仍然完整(被强调部分要
还原到原位置)
,那么这
个句子就是强调句;如果句子不完整,则不是强调句。
It is what you
do rather than what you say that matters
It was about 600 years ago
that the first clock with a face and an hour hand
was made.
2. It is/was not until +
被强调部
分
+that
…
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语,译成汉语为“
直到·
·
·
·
·
·才·
·
·
·
·
·
”
,<
/p>
可以说是
not
…
until
…
的强调形式。
It wasn't until nearly a month
later that I received the manger's reply.
It was not until she got home that
Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
3. It be+
段时间
+
since ...
“
自从
……
p>
以来
”
p>
该句型中的
be
动词通常为一般现在时态或
现在完成时态
,since
引导的从句通常是一般过
去时态。
译为
“
自从<
/p>
……
以来已经有多长时间了
”
。
It has been three
days since he was ill.
他生病已经有三天了。
(since
引导时间状语
从句,
it
表示时间
)
注意
:
如果
since
从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词时
< br>,
应译为
“
自从不
……
以来已经有多
长时间了
”
。如
: It is / has been seven
years since I taught in this school.
我离开
这所学校已经有七年了。
p>
时态的把握
:
如果主句运用的是一般现在时
或现在完成时
,
那么
since
引导的从句用一般
过去时
;
< br>如果主句运用的是一般过去时
,
那么
since
引导的从句常用过去完成时。
4. It
be+
点时间
+ when ...
”
当
……
的时候,是
< br>……”
该句型中的
when
引导的是一个时间状语从句。
主句中的
it
指时间
,
主句中的谓语动词
和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的,主句是
will
be
,
when
从句用一般现在时代替
将来时。
表语由
具体的时间充当点时间前不加介词。
常译为
“
< br>当
……
的时候,
是
……”
。
—
Did
Jack come back early last night?
—
Yes. It was not yet eight
o'clock when he arrived home.
It will be midnight when they get there
5. It be+
段时间
+
before ...
“
多久之后才
……”
、
“
不久
……
就
……”
< br>这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语
(
如:
p>
long
years
,
months
,
w
eeks
,
days
,hours
,
minutes
)
,
主句中的谓语动词用肯定式,
意为
“
过多长时间
才
......”
。主句的谓语动词是否定式时,意为
“
没过多长时间就
......”
。主句的时态
可用过去时
was
或将来时
will
< br>be
;
用
was
时,
before
从句的动词用一般过去时;
用
will
be
时,
before
从句常用一般现在时。
例如:
It
was
long
before
the
police
arrived
.
It
will
be
hours
before
he
makes
a
decision
6.
It is/ was…
that
结构的主语从句
,
这也是<
/p>
It
代替从句作形式主语的常见句型
(1) It be +adj (clear,
obvious, true, possible, certain ...) that...
该句型中
it
是形式主语,真正的主语是
that
引导的主语从句,常译为
“
清楚(显然,真的,
肯定
……
)
”
,是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he's
round and tall like a tree.
1
It is likely
that they will beat us tonight
.
今晚很可能他们会赢我们。
(2)
It is important (necessary, right, strange,
natural ...) that ...
该句型和上
一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同,
that
后的
从句中要用虚拟语气
(
should +
动词原形,
should
可以省去。)建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn
English well.
It is necessary that he
(should) remember these words.
(
3
)
it
+ be +
过去分词
(
said, reported, learned
...) that
该句型中的
it
仍是形式主语,
真正的主语是
that
引导的主语从句。
该结构常译为
“
p>
据说
(据
报道,据悉
……
)
”
。
It's said that Tom has come back from
abroad.
It was reported
that dozens of children died in the accident.
可用于该句型的过去分词还有:
known ,
thought , told , believed , hoped , announced
,expected
,
等,该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合如:
It's said that Tom has come
back from abroad .
→
He is said to have come
back from abroad .
(4) It be
+
过去分词
(suggested, ordered
...) that...
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请
求、建议、命令等词时,
that
后
的
从句要用虚拟语气
(
should +
动词原形,
should
可以省。<
/p>
)
常译为
“
据建
议,
有命令
……”
。
< br>
It is suggested that the
meeting (should) be put off.
It was ordered
that we (should) arrive there in two hours.
(
5
)
It
+ be +
名词词组
+
that
从句
:
It's a pity that he can't
swim for his age .
It's a
wonder that you could finish such a hard task in
such a short time .
The Foreign Minister said,
“
It is our
hope that the two
sides will work towards peace.”
可用于该句型的名词词组还有:
an honor , a
good thing , a fact , a surprise , good
news
等。
(6) It +
seem / appear / happen + that
从句
:
该句型中
it
是形式主语,
that
引导的是主语从句,
主句中的
happen, seem
等词是不及物动词。
意思是
“
碰巧
……
或看来
……”
等。
It seems that
he enjoys pop songs very much
.
看来他非常喜欢流行歌曲。
It
happened that I went out that day
.
碰巧我那天外出了。
7. It
is time (about time, high time) that ...
该句型中
that
后的从句应该用虚拟语气,
值得注意的是:
①
常用过去时态表示虚拟。
②
有
时也用
should +
动词原形,
should
不能省。常
译为
“
是(正是)
……
的时侯
……”
。
It is time that children
should go to bed.
8. It /This/That is
the first (second ...) time that ...
<
/p>
该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。
该句型中的
that
从句不用虚拟语气,
而用完成时态。
至于用什么完成时态,
由主句的谓语动词的时态
决定。
如果是一般现在时,
后面从句用现在
完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中
that
可以省去;常
译为
“
是第一(二)次
……”
。
It is the
first time I have been here. = This is the first
time I have been here.
9. It takes sb.
some time(money) ... to do sth.
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,
it
是形式主语,
句型中的直接宾语是时间。
常译为
“<
/p>
做
……
要花费某人
……”
。
It
took thousands of people many years to build the
Great Wall
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