大学英语电影赏析考试重点

《

Holy Bible

》圣经《

King Arthur

》亚瑟王《

Greek Myths

》希腊神话

判断、简答题

1.

五大电影公司：

Warner Brothers; Loew

’

s-MGM; Fox; Radio- Keith-Orpheum (RKO); Paramount

三小电影公司：

Columbia; Universal; United Artists

and Color

Sound

–

was introduced by Warner Brothers in Don Juan.

在华纳公司的《唐璜》中引进

Color

–

was initially limited by its expense and crudity; yet by the 1930s the quality had

improved.

最初受制于费用而且生硬

,

但到了

1930

年代质量得到了改善。

3.

角色

The main character

is the most important character in a film, and the character of

greatest interest. Usually the main character is also the

“

prota gonist

”

, the character

whose actions trigger the chain of causes and effects that drive the plot forward.

主要角色是电影中最重要的角色， 也是最具吸引力的角色。主要人物通常就是主角，其行动引起

的原因，产生的影响推动着 情节的发展。

Secondary characters

are those who interact with the protagonist and have significant

impact on the development of the narrative. They can often be divided into three main

functions: the opposition character, the mirror character, and the romance character.

次要人物 与主角交互，影响着叙事的发展。它们通常可以分为三个主要功能：反派角色，镜像角

色 和浪漫角色。

The mirror character

also known as the

“

support

”

is the character most clearly

aligned with, and supportive of the protagonist. Mirror characters offer support to the

protagonist through the difficulties he encounters, often because they share with him

certain beliefs and attitudes. They have important dramatic function of engaging in

regular dialogue with the protagonist, helping him to formulate his goals and at the same

time helping the audience to better understand the protagonist

’

s character and

situation.

性格最明确，且赞同和支持主角的角色称为镜像角色。镜像角色帮助主角度过难关，往往是因为< /p>

他们与主角分享他们的某些信念和态度。他们有着重要的戏剧功能，定期对话主角，帮助主 角制定

目标，同时帮助观众更好地了解主角的性格和处境。

4.

叙述

Narrative

refers to the way that a story is told. It is principally concerned with the way

that events are organized in time and space

–

the way in which the scriptwriter and

director take the raw elements of a story and arrange them in the most attractive and

interesting way.

Narrative

–

a chain of events in cause-effect relationships occurring in time and space.

叙述是指讲述一个故事的方式。它 主要关注的是事件在时间和空间上的组织方式

-

以最有吸引力和最有趣的方式安排故事的原始元素。

叙述——在时间和空间上发生的一连串事件的因果关系。

5.

九大故事

Achilles, Candide, Cinderella, Circe, Faust, Orpheus, Romeo and Juliet, Tristan, and the

Wandering Jew.

阿 喀琉斯（跟腱）

，老实人，灰姑娘，塞丝，“浮士德”，奥菲斯，“罗密欧与朱丽叶”， 特里斯

坦，流浪的犹太人。

6.

主题

Stated simply, the

theme

of a film is its main point; it is what the scriptwriter and

director want to tell us. In more precise terms, theme is the controlling idea of the film.

In addition to constituting a general comment about life, the theme is also the central

and controlling idea. It is that center of gravity around which all the other elements of the

film (genre, character, narrative, style) imperceptibly revolve. It would be wrong to assume

that there is only one theme in every film. It is quite possible that scriptwriter/director has

intentionally allowed for the coexistence of more than one theme.

简单说来，一部电影的主题是其主要的点，它是编剧和导演想告诉我们的东西。更精确的讲，主

题是电影的控制思想。

除了构成一个关于生活的总体评价，主题也是中央和控制思想 。它是重心，围绕这部电影的所有

其他元素（流派，人物，叙事，风格）不知不觉地转换 。假设一部电影只有一个主题这是错误的。

这很可能是编剧

/< /p>

导演有意允许多个主题共存。

7.

七大主题

Broad Human Concerns

Life Philosophies

Religious and Ethical Concerns

Historical Issues

Nations and National Characteristics

Social/Cultural/Technological Changes

Social Problems

广泛的人权问题

人生哲理

宗教和伦理问题

历史问题

联合国和民族特色。

社会

文化

/

技术变革

社会问题

8.

动作片特征

The chief characteristics of

the action film

are:

the domination of the cinematic, the image, and technology;

the simplification of narrative, characterization, dialogue and theme. The non-action

elements of cinema undergo considerable simplification in the action genre. Narrative

structure is reduced to the basic formula of chase followed by chase. Characters are not

psychologically well developed; they are used instead as agents and/or victims of the next

spectacular event.

The self-deprecating humor. The tone of action film is light-hearted and irreverent; they

self-consciously make fun of themselves. The injection of humor into the action film has

the effect of making its violence and destruction seem comic and unreal.

9.

爱情片的核心

The essence of the romantic film

is the

“

force opposed to love

”

that, by

presenting obstacles to the lovers, turns a love affair into a story. In the past force has

taken the form of so-called

“

blocking characters

”

. Traditionally, the blocking characters

would be the parents of the lovers. As parental control over children has relaxed, and as

the possibility of divorce has arisen, neither of these forces is sufficiently convincing as an

obstacle, and scriptwriters have had to employ other mechanisms for impeding the

course of true love.

Another method employed by romantic films is to start from the so-called

“

unlikely

couple

”

scenario. The unlikely couple consists of two characters who are thoroughly ill-

matched, perhaps because they come from different class or racial backgrounds, are of

very different ages or occupations, or are temperamentally opposite, and thus

would not

normally be expected to become lovers. The differences between the two central

characters thus become the source of the conflict and difficulties that drive the plot

forward.

浪漫电影的本质是“力量反对爱” ，把阻碍恋人转变为一个反对恋情的故事。在过去，力量已经

有“阻碍角色”的称谓了。 传统上，阻碍角色是恋人的父母。作为父母对子女的控制放宽，离婚可

能性的兴起，这两 种力量足够成为有说服力的障碍，在阻碍真爱的过程中，编剧不得不采用其他机

制。

浪漫的电影 采用的另一种方法是从所谓的“不可能的情侣”的情况下开始。彻头彻尾不匹配的两

个角 色组成不可能的夫妇，也许是因为他们来自不同的阶级或种族背景，是非常不同的年龄或职

业，或性情相反的，因此通常不会被预期成为恋人。两个主要角色之间的差异成为推动情节向前的

冲突和困难的来源。

10.

科幻片的特点

Science fiction films rules out the use of anything as material which violates established

science fact, laws of nature, call it what you will. It must be possible to the universe as we

know it. The world of science fiction may be unreal, but usually it will be logically coherent.

Science fiction films have a prophetic quality and try to anticipate or predict the future.

The predictions they offer are commonly based on a form of extrapolation: that is, they

predict the future based on the assumption that trends in contemporary society will

continue indefinitely.

Science fiction film is a warning. This is what might happen if we carry on this way. In

particular, science fiction films express social anxiety about the rate and direction of

technological change, doubt about the ability of mankind to predict the consequences of

this change, and skepticism about

the motives of those who push for technological

advancement.

Science fiction films display a profoundly ambiguous attitude towards science and

technology.

Often there is a veiled political subtext to science fiction, with the aliens representing

the political , racial, or ethnic

“

other

”

.

Science fiction films force us look at ourselves and our choices from the perspective of

an imagined future or from the perspective of an alien race, and thus to consider them

afresh. It is this intellectual

“

openness

”

to new ideas and experiences that most

strongly marks science fiction as a genre, and distinguishes it from the

“

closed

”

stance

of other genre.

科幻电 影排除任何违反既定的科学事实为材料的使用规则和自然规律之外，什么都可以调用它。

它必须是可能的宇宙，因为我们知道它。科幻世界可能是不真实的，但通常它会在逻辑上连贯。

< br>

科幻电影有一个有质量的 预言，并尝试预测或预测未来。他们提供的预测通常是基于一种外推：

那就是，他们预测 未来是在当代社会的发展趋势将继续下去的基础上的假设。

科幻电影是一个警告。如果我们继续这样下去可能会发生什么 。科幻电影，尤其是表达社会对技

术变革的速度和方向的焦虑，怀疑人类能够预测这种变 化的后果，以及那些推动技术进步的动机表

示怀疑。

科幻片显示对科学和技术的深刻的暧昧态度。

经常有一个含蓄的政治含意科幻小 说

,

外星人代表政治、种族、“其它”种族。

< br>

科幻电影迫使我们想象以 未来的角度，或从一个外星种族的角度来看我们自己和我们的选择，从

而重新考虑它们。 正是这种知识的“开放”，以新的思路和经验，标志着最强烈的一个流派科幻小

说的产生 ，它区别于其他类型的“封闭”立场。

11.

恐怖片的三种叙述模式

Narratives concerning madmen and mentally disturbed individuals;

Narratives about horrific imaginary monsters;

Narratives about abnormal hostile forces entering the lives of human beings.

叙述疯子和精神病人

;

叙述可怕的假想怪物

;

叙述进入人类生活的异常敌对势力，。

《

Brave heart

》对白

I am William Wallace. And I see a whole army of my countrymen here in defiance of

tyranny. You have come to fight as free men, and free men you are. What would you

do without freedom? Will you fight?

我是

William Wallace,

我现在看到的是一支为了反对英格兰暴政而聚集的

,

我的同胞 的军队

.

你

们为自由来作战