汽车术语及定义(汇编)

—

double

—

de ck bus.

43.

轿车

—

passenger car.

44.

微型轿车

—

minicar .

45.

普通级轿车

—

subcompact car.

46.

中级轿车

—

compact car.

47.

中高级轿车

< br>—

intermediate car.

48.

高级轿车

—

limousine car.

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49.

半挂车

—

semi

—

trailer.

50.

轻型半挂车

—

light semi

—

trailer.

51.

中型半挂车

—

medium semi

—

trailer.

52.

重型半挂车

—

heavy semi

—

trailer.

53.

超重型半挂车

—

extra heavy semi

—

trailer.

二、

车辆质量

—

GB/T 3730.2

—

92

1.

底盘干质量

—

chassis dry mass;

2.

底盘整备质量

—

chassis kerb mass;

3.

底盘与驾驶室干质量

—

chassis and cab dry mass;

4.

底盘与驾驶室整备质量

—

chassis and cab kerb mass;

5.

整车干质量

—

complete vehicle dry mass;

6.

整车整备质量

—

complete vehicle kerb mass;

7.

最大总质量

—

maximum total mass;

8.

厂定最大总质量

—

maximum

manufacturer’

s total mass;

9.

允许最大总质量

—

maximum authorized total mass;

10.

最大装载质量

—

maximum laden mass;

11.

厂定最大装载质量

—maximum manufacturer’s laden mass;

12.

允许最大装载质量

—

maximum authorized laden mass;

13.

最大轴载质量

—

maximum axle laden mass;

14.

厂定最大轴载质量

—maximum manufacturer’s axle laden mass;

15.

允许最大轴载质量

—

maximum authorized axle laden mass;

16.

最大拖挂质量

—

maximum towed mass;

17.

厂定最大拖挂质量

—manufacturer’s maximum

towed mass;

18.

允 许最大拖挂质量

—

authorized maximum towed mass;

19.

汽车列车最大总质量

—

maximum total mass of train;

20.

汽车列车厂定最大总质量

—maximum manufacturer’s total mass of train;

21.

汽 车列车允许最大总质量

—

maximum authorized total mass of train;

22.

铰接车最大总质量

—

maximum of an articulated vehicle;

三、

车辆尺寸

—

GB/T 3730.3

—

92

1.

车长

—

vehicle length;

2.

汽车长

—

motor vehicle length;

3.

全挂车长

—

full trailer length;

4.

半挂车长

—

semi- trailer length;

5.

车宽

—

vehicle width;

6.

车高

(

无装载质量

)

—

vehicle height(unladen);

7.

轴距

—

wheel space;

8.

汽车及全挂车轴距

—

motor vehicle or full trailer wheel space;

9.

半挂车轴距

—

semi- trailer wheel space;

10.

轮距

—

track;

11.

前悬

—

front overhang;

12.

后悬

—

rear overhang;

13.

最小离地间隙

—

ground clearance;

14.

纵向通过角

—

ramp angle;

15.

接近角

—

approach angle;

16.

离去角

—

departure angle;

17.

车架高度

—

height of chassis above ground:

18.

驾驶 室后车架最大可用长度

(

带驾驶室的车辆

)

—

maximum

usable

length

of

chassis

behind

cab(vehicle with cab);

19.

车身长度

—

bodywork length;

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20.

轿车和客车车身长

—

bodywork length of passenger car and bus;

21.

带有驾驶室的底盘上的车身长度

—bodywork length of chassis with driver’s cab;

22.

车箱

(

厢

)

内部最大尺寸

—

maximum internal dimensions of body;

23.

牵引架长

—

draw gear length;

24.

牵引杆长

—

drawbar length

25.

牵引装置的位置

—

position of towing attachment;

26.

牵引装置高度

—

height of towing attachment;

27.

牵引装置前置距

—

distance of towing attachment in front of rear of vehicle;

28.

牵引座前置距

—

fifth- wheel lead;

29.

长度计算用牵引座前置距< /p>

—

fifth-wheel lead for calculation of length;

30.

质 量分配计算用牵引座前置距

—

fifth-wheel lead for calculation of mass distribution;

31.

牵引座结合高度

—

height of coupling face;

32.

牵引装置至车辆前端 的距离

—

distance between towing device and front end of towing vehicle;

33.

牵引座牵引销孔至车辆前端的距离

—

distance between fifth-wheel coupling pin and front end of

towing vehicle;

34.

半挂牵引车后回转半径

—

rear fitting radius of semi-trailer towing vehicle;

35.

半挂车间隙半径

—

rear tractor clearance radius of semi-trailer;

36.

半挂车前回转半径

—

front fitting radius of semi-trailer;

37.

车轮外倾

—

camber angle;

38.

主销内倾

—

kingpin inclination;

39.

主销偏移距

—

kingpin offset;

40.

前束

—

toe-in;

41.

主销后倾距

—

castor;

42.

车轮铅垂动行程

—

vertical clearance of wheel;

43.

车轮提升高度

—

lift of wheel;

44.

转弯直径

—

turning circle diameters;

45.

转弯通道圆

—

turning clearance circles.

四、

轿车车身术语

—

JB3653

—

84

(

一

)

、设计术语

1.

车身

—

body; body assembly.

2.

车身本体

—

body shell; main body.

3.

车身机构

—

mechanical hard ware of body.

4.

车身覆盖件

—

cover panel; body outer panel.

5.

车身结构件

—

structural member; body structure.

6.

非承载式车身

—

body chassis frame construction; separate frame construction.

7.

承载式车身

—

unitary construction body; unit body construction; integral body; panel structure body.

8.

折背式车身

—

pontoon type; notch back body; three

—

box type body.

9.

直背式车身

—

fast back body; two

—

box type body.

10.

舱背式车身

—

hatch back body; two

—

box type body.

11.

短背式车身

—

cut

—

off back body; two

—

box type body.

12.

客厢

—

passenger compartment.

13.

发动机舱

—

engine compartment.

14.

行李箱

—

trunk; luggage compartment; luggage hold.

15.

车身前部

—

front body.

16.

车身后部

—

rear body.

17.

车身底部

—

under body.

18.

车身侧部

—

side body.

19.

车身裙部

—

skirt .

20.

腰线

—

waist line; belt line; door belt; fascia.

21.

开缝线

—

opening line.

22.

轮口

—

wheel opening; wheel arch.

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23.

脚部空间

—

foot well.

24.

内饰

—

interior trimming.

25.

外饰

—

exterior trimming.

26.

内饰件

—

upholstery.

27.

外饰件

—

exterior trimming part.

28.

车身附件

—

body accessories.

(

二

)< /p>

、结构术语

1.

板件

—

pressing panel.

2.

骨架件

—

member.

3.

支撑件

—

brace.

4.

加强件

—

reinforcement; stiffness.

5.

固定件

—

stay.

6.

角撑件

—

gusset.

7.

衬板

—

patch.

8.

罩

—

housing.

9.

盖

—

lid.

10.

支架

—

support; supporter.

11.

托架

—

bracket.

12.

挡板

—

guard.

13.

隔板

—

retainer.

14.

护板

15.

衬垫

—

pad.

16.

槽

—

gutter.

17.

沟

—

groove.

18.

筋

—

rid.

19.

装饰条

—

moulding.

(

五

)

、零部件名词

1.

前翼板

—

front fender; front wing.

2.

发动机罩前支撑板

—

front end panel; nose panel.

3.

发动机罩

—

engine hood bonnet.

4.

发动机罩安全拉钩

—

hood

safety

catch;

hood

safety

lock;

hood

auxiliary

catch;

hook;

hood

secondary latch.

5.

前裙板

—

front

valance

panel;

front

skirt

panel;

front

lower

shroud;

front

bumper

stone;

reflector;

fairing panel front apron.

6.

散热器固定框

—

radiator support; lamp support; shroud panel; front bulkhead; front baffle; deflector.

7.

前挡泥板

—

front fender apron; wheel apron; fender skirt; hood ledge .

8.

前横梁

—

front cross member; front cross rail.

9.

前纵梁

—

front side member; front side rail.; front side frame.

10.

前围上盖板

—

cowl top; cowl upper; shroud upper panel; front panel.

11.

前围板

—

dash panel; dash board; toe board; fire wall.

12.

前围侧板

—

cowl side panel; dash side; shroud side.

13.

后围上盖板

—

upper back panel; rear waist panel; back window lower panel; rear deck panel.

14.

后围板

—

rear end panel; lower back panel; rear skirt panel.

15.

行李箱盖

—

trunk lid; rear compartment lid; luggage compartment door; deck lid; boot lid.

16.

后窗窗台

—

shelf panel; package tray panel; parcel shelf panel; rear shelf; rear luggage shelf panel.

17.

地板

—

floor pan floor panel; floor board.

18.

后纵梁

—

rear side member; floor side member; floor side rail rear floor side frame.

19.

地板横梁

—

floor cross member.

20.

车轮档泥罩

—

wheel housing panel.

21.

顶盖

—

roof panel; top.

22.

上边梁

—

roof rail.

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