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最新人教版英语专题训练 八年级英语下册阅读理解

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2021-02-28 02:50
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2021年2月28日发(作者:disturb是什么意思)


最新人教版英语专题训练



八年级英语下册阅读理解




一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)



1



阅读理解




Climbing Mount Qomolangma, the World's highest mountain, has now become more difficult.


The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of


garbage. That's the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind on Mount Qomolangma.



Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light, so they


would have energy to reach the summit. The garbage problem in Mount Qomolangma is not new.


In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.



The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to


hand


in


some


money


to


the


officials


before


they


climb


the


mountain.


When


they


climb


back


down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of


garbage.


If


they


do,


their


money


will


be


given


back


to


them.


If


not,


climbers


won't


get


their


money back. Also, the officials won't let these people climb the mountain again.




1



The government of Nepal asks climbers of Mount Qomolangma to .



A. take fewer things to the top of the mountain



B. bring at least 18 pounds of food with them



C. bring down the garbage left by other climbers



D. bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain




2



Why do climbers leave garbage along the way?



A. Because they want to leave some food for others.



B. Because the garbage can help others find them.



C. Because they want to keep their bags light.



D. Because the garbage can show them how to come down.




3



How much garbage was brought down Mount Qomolangma in 2013?



A. 4 tons.


B. 8 tons.


C. 14 tons.


D. 18 tons.




4



Now the climbers have to before they climb Mount Qomolangma.



A. hand in some money to the officials



B. leave plastic bags behind them



C. tell the officials when they will come down



D. tell the officials how many bags they will bring



【答案】




1



D



(< /p>


2



C




3



A

< p>



4



A



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗 玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回


18


英镑的垃圾。

< p>




1


)细节题。根据


The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with


at least 18 pounds of garbage.

可知登山者下山时应该带至少


18


英镑的垃圾,故选


D




< p>


2


)细节题。根据


Cl imbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their


bags light


可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路,目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快,故选


C< /p>






3


)细节题。根据


In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garb age.


可知在


2013


年,登山者把


4


吨垃圾带下山,故选


A





< br>4


)细节题。根据


climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb


the mountain.


可知登山 者在他们爬山前上交一些钱给官员,故选


A


< br>



【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文 中仔细寻找答案。




2



阅读理解




We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in


your local


(当地的)


area from 6-17 years of age.



We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've


set up


Hobbies for Kids


to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.




Whether


you


want


to


take


up


a


sport


or


hobby


just


for


interest


or


to


compete


at


a


high


standard


(水平)


, there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a


sport or new to a local area.



Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for


juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored


(学费定制)


to the needs of juniors, buying


the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.




Hobbies for Kids


covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other


sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so


keep checking back!



We hope you find


Hobbies for Kids


useful and informative.




1



Hobbies for Kids


is .



A. a TV program about sports and hobbies.



B. a course especially designed for parents.



C. a magazine on hobbies for kids.



D. a guide to kids, sports and hobbies.




2



Who would be interested in


Hobbies for Kids ?




A. Teachers.


B. Parents.


C. Teenagers.


D. Athletes.




3

< p>


With the help of


Hobbies for Kids


, you will .



A. compete at a high standard



B. develop a new hobby quickly



C. know how to pick a right club



D. know the needs of juniors




4



If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should .



A. input your requests and check back



B. click the site now and then



C. give some advice to the site



D. scan other information first




5



Where does the passage probably come from?



A. A textbook.


B. The Internet.


C. A magazine.


D. An advertisement.



【答案】




1



D



(< /p>


2



C




3



C

< p>



4



A




5



B



【解析】


【分析】文章大意:这是一 则关于


6-17


岁学生制定的体育兴趣俱乐部的广告。





1


)主旨大意题。根据


Hobbies


for


Kids


will


help


you


with


ideas


about


choosing


the


right


organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored


(学费定制)


to the


needs


of


juniors,


buying


the


correct


equipment


and


clothing


at


each


stage


of


the


junior


development.


可知



Hobbies


for


kids< /p>


是一个为青少年选择爱好或者体青运动的一个引领组


织,故选


D






2


)细节理解题。根据


We


know


what


it


is


like


trying


to


find


out


about


junior


sports


and


hobbies


for


boys


and


girls


in


your


local


(当地的)


area


from


6-17


years


of


age.


可知对于



Hobbles for kids


感兴趣的是青少年,故选< /p>


C






3


)细节理解题。


Hobbies


for


Kids


will


help


you


with


ideas


about


choosing


the


right


organizations or clubs for juniors,


可知


Hobbies for kids


可以帮着孩子们选择合适的俱乐部。


故选

< p>
C






4


)细节理解题。根据


Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and


Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own


input and requests, so keep checking ba ck!


可知其他的运动和爱好会很快加入网站扩展,根据


您自己 输入的信息和要求


,


所以请继续跟进!故选

A






5


)细节理解题。根据文中的语句


O ther sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site


expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!


理解可知,这篇 文章应该来


自网络,故选


B





【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理 解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文


中找到答案,而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔 细理解,归纳出中心思想。




3



阅读理解




Sally Ride was born in California in 1951. She was the first American woman to travel into space.


She loved to play tennis and wanted to be a tennis player when she was young. But after three


months' professional


(专业的)


training, she changed her mind. She went to Stanford University


and started to study science. She studied stars and planets. She did researches at the university


and got her PhD in astrophysics


(天体物理学博士学位)


after several years' hard work.



In 1977, she took a test to become an astronaut. And then she was picked up from over 8, 000


people. In order to realize her dream of going into space, she had to get different kinds of special


and difficult training. She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how


to operate


(操作)


special machines.




Sally


and


four


other


astronauts


flew


a


spaceship


called


Challenger


on


Jun.


18,


1983.


She


became


the


first


American


woman


to


travel


into


space.


Later,


she


taught


at


the


University


of


California.


Then


she


wrote


seven


books


on


space


for


children,


encouraging


children


to


study


science. Unfortunately, she died in 2012.




1

< br>)


When did Sally Ride go into space?



A. In 1951. B. In 1977. C. In 1983. D. In 2012.




2


Which is NOT true about Sally Ride?



A. She learned how to fly a plane.



B. She learned how to produce machines.



C. She learned how to jump out of a plane.



D. She learned how to use special machines.




3

< p>


Sally Ride taught at the University of California .



A. before she got her PhD in astrophysics



B. before she went to Stanford University



C. after she wrote books on space



D. after she travelled into space




4



Which is the best title


(题目)


of the passage?



A. The first American woman writer.



B. The first American woman astronaut.



C. The first American woman teacher.



D. The first American woman scientist.



【答案】


< /p>



1



C




2


< p>
B




3



D




4



B



【解析】


【分析】短文大意:本文介 绍了第一位进入太空的美国女士萨莉


·


赖德。年轻时她


喜欢网球,想当一名网球运动员。但是三个月的特殊训练后,她改变了主意,经过几年的


学习,她获得了天体物理学博士学位。


1977


年她参加宇航员考试,从


8000


多人中脱颖而


出,经过各种不同种类的特殊而且困难的训练,她学会了开飞机、跳伞、操作特殊的机

< br>器。


1983



6



18


日,她与其它四位宇航员一起乘坐挑战者号宇 宙飞船进入太空,成为


第一位进入太空的美国宇航员。后来,她到加利弗尼亚大学教书, 并为儿童写了七本有关


太空的书籍,鼓励孩子们学习科学。她于


2012


年不幸去世。



< p>


1


)细节理解题。根据


Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on


Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into spa ce.


莎莉和四个其它宇航


员在


198 3



6



18


日乘坐挑战号宇宙飞船。她成为第一个到太空旅行的女人。可知莎莉


1983


年飞向太空的。故选


C






2


)细节理解题。根据


She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as


how


to


operate


(操作)


special


machines.


她没有学会生产机器,可知选项


B


错误的,故选


B


。< /p>





3


)细节理解题。根据


She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she


taught at the University of California.


可知她去太空后去加利福尼亚大学教学。故选


D





4


)题目归纳题。这篇短文介绍了美国的女飞行员莎莉一生的故事。故选

< p>
B





【点评】此题考查阅读理解。关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题,



在文章中快速圈出数


字,再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息。



推理题解题技巧,



在理解原文字面意思的基础


上,通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判 断和推理,从而得到文章的


深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主旨大意题解题技巧,根据文章 的中心思想确定。




4



阅读理解




Sydney Fredette is very busy. Not only is she a high school student, but she has also set up her


own organization


(组织)


, Beary Merry Christmas. She volunteers


(志愿)


to offer services to


poor children and families in Orange Country in California, US.



To remember her best friend who died of cancer nearly 10 years ago, Fredette decided to offer


services to those in Orange Country who are less lucky than she is.




She


began


with


the easy


idea


of


collecting


donated


(捐赠)



Build-A-Bears,


the


popular


toy


animal that is made by children themselves in the stores' workshops. Fredette then gave them as


presents to the homeless children in California during the holiday season.



With donations at more than 100 bears a year, Fredette and volunteers hold activities every


year, where volunteers not only give out the bears, but also clothing, meals, and other things.




Not


wanting


to


limit


(限制)



the


giving


to


just


the


holiday


months,


Fredette


held


other


activities for Valentine's Day, Mother's Day and Halloween, offering the chance to her volunteer


team to make a difference through the year.




their stories and see how happy they are.



Fredette even built a public food bank and offered a self-development class to students in her


school.



She plans to stay local and continue to help out in her hometown.




1



Which statement is Not True about Beary Merry Christmas?



A. It was set up by Sydney Fredette B. It gives out bears and other things



C. It offers services around America. D. It holds many activities every year.




2



Wha t can be the best title for the passage?



A. A public food bank



B. A self-development class



C. Fredette and Beary Merry Christmas



D. Build-A- Bear




3



In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the reading?



A. Sports


B. News


C. Art


D. Science



【答案】




1



C



(< /p>


2



C




3



B



【解析】


【分析】文章大意:介绍了


Fredette


创办了一个组织,他们经常在节日里为无家< /p>


可归的孩子提供服务,最后引述了这个主人公的言论。





1


)细节 题。根据文章提到的



She


volunteers


to


offer


services


to


poor


children


and


families in Orange Country in California, US


可知,它是在美国内提供服务,故选

C






2


)主旨题。根据文章介绍了


Fre dette


和圣诞快乐的基本内容和信息,可知文章的标题


为< /p>


Fredette and Beary Merry Christmas


,故选


C






3


)主旨 题。根据文章主要介绍了


Fredette


和她创办的组织的一 些事迹,可知这篇文章


应该能够在新闻报纸上看见,故选


B





【点评】考 查细节题和主旨题两种题型,做细节题的时候熟悉文章大意,熟悉问题,带着


问题到文章 找出答案,即可;做主旨题的时候,分析文章大意,概括中心意思,即可。




5



阅读短 文,从每题所给的


A



B



C



D

< br>四个选项中,选出最佳选项。





In


most


parts


of


the


world,


many


students


help


their


schools


make


less


pollution.


They


join


environment


clubs.


In


an


environment


club,


people


work


together


to


make


our


environment


clean.



Here are some things students often do.



No-rubbish lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs


ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose


which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.



No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the


teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember:



Walk, jump, bike, or run!



Use your legs! It's lots of fun!



Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic


(立方)



meters


of


water


an


hour?


In


a


year,


that


would


fill


in


a


small


river.


In


the


environment


clubs,


students repair those broken toilets.



We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.




1



Environment clubs ask students ________.



A. to run to school every day


B. to take exercise every day



C. not to have lunch at school


D. to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again



2



From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ________.



A. at school


B. in shops


C. in clubs


D. at home




3



On a no-car day, ________ will take a car to school.



A. both students and teachers B. only students



C. neither students nor teachers


D. only teachers




4< /p>



After students mend toilets, they save ________.



A. a small river B. a club C. a lot of water D. a toilet




5



The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________.



A. clean schools B. make less pollution C. join clubs D. help teachers



【答案】




1



D

< p>



2



A




3


C




4



C




5



B



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了为了让我 们的环境整洁,学生加入环境俱乐部经常做的一些事


情。





1


)细节 题。根据


Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be


used again.


可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使 用的袋子带午饭,故选


D






2


)细节 题。根据


Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be


used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to


the


whole


school.


可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭,并且每周选出 制


造垃圾最少的班级,并且通报全新,可知学生在学校吃午饭,故选

A






3


)细节题。根据


nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers.



知老师和学生都不坐车 去上学,故选


C






4


)细节 题。根据


Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic


(立方)



meters


of


water


an

< p>
hour?


可知一些厕所一小时浪费


20



40


立方水,所以修理厕所会节约

< p>
水,故选


C






5


)细节 题。根据


many


students


help


their


schools


make


less


pollution.


可知让学生制造更


少的污染,故选


B





【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻 找答案。




6



阅读理解




More than 1,000 different kinds of pieces of plastic, including 115 cups, 25 bags, four bottles


and two pairs of shoes, have been found inside a dead whale


(鲸鱼)


in Indonesia, according to


local officials.



When the whale was found on the island, it was already


decomposing when animal doctors


arrived. So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death, said Lukas, the leader of


the World Wildlife Fund in Indonesia. The plastic weighed about 6 kilograms, or 13 pounds, he


said.




But


pictures


of


the


dead


whale


caused


a


warm


discussion.


The


people


in


the


country


have


started to realize that it is because of using too much plastic. So has the government. Indonesia, a


nation of about 260 million people was the world's second-biggest producer of plastic waste in


2018, behind only China.



If the whales eat too much plastic, they will have a wrong feeling. They think that they are full.


And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good things they need, said Nicholas


who is the leader of the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, eating too much plastic can make them


reduce their weight, their energy and slow down their swimming. As a result, whales are easier to


be hurt by the sharks and many other dangerous animals in the sea.




More


than


800


kinds


of


animals


in


the


sea


are


affected


by


about


8.8


million


tons


of


plastic


which


is


thrown


away


freely


in


the


ocean


each


year.


Plastic


can


also


stop


the


animals


moving


freely and sometimes they will cause them to die because they have to be under the water for


too long. Some plastic can make a small hole in their stomachs after they eat it.




1



What does the underlined word



A.


腐烂


. B.


吸收


. C.


凝固


. D.


飘散


.




2



Which country produced most plastic waste in 2018?



A. India. B. China. C. Indonesia. D. America.




3



What happens to the whales after eating too much plastic?



A. They will feel hungry.



B. They will die at once.



C. They will eat less healthy food.



D. They will attack sharks actively.




4



According to the passage, what can we infer?



A. Pictures of the dead whale caught few people's attention.



B. People kill whales because they are dangerous animals.



C. Plastic can stop sea animals moving freely, even cause them to die.



D. Indonesia government will take action to stop the sea pollution.



【答案】


< /p>



1



A




2


< p>
B




3



C




4



D



【解析】


【分析】这篇文章讲述在印 度尼西亚发现了一头死去的鲸鱼胃里有很多塑料。由


此引起了人们对过度使用塑料的反思 。





1< /p>


)细节题。根据后文


So


they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its d eath…


可知这


只鲸鱼在被发现时已经死了,可推知


decomposing


描述的是它死后的状态,结合选项,腐


烂的意思符合语境,故选


A


< br>




2


)细节题。根据第三段


Indonesia,


a


nation


of


about


260


million


people


was


the


world's


second-biggest


producer


of


plastic


waste


in


2018,


behind


only


China.


印度尼西亚是第二大产


国 ,仅次于中国,可见中国产生的塑料垃圾最多,故选


B






3

< p>
)细节题。根据第四段


And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good


things


they


need…


可只吃了太多塑料,



吃饱了



的错觉,会让鲸鱼不吃健康的食物,故选


C< /p>






4


)细节题。根据第三段


The people in the country have started to realize that it is because


of using too much plastic. So has the government.


这个国家的人们已 经开始意识到这是因为使


用了太多的塑料。政府也意识到了,由此可推知政府将会采取措 施阻止海洋污染。故选


D





【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻 找答案。




7



根据材料内容选择最佳答案。





Hi,




I'm


Amy.


I'm


here


to


help


you


with


any


study-related


(有关系的)



problem,


big


or


small. Please send me a message anytime.




Amy



My problem is time



I don't have enough time. Next month, I will have twelve exams.


How can I possibly study for all of them? I think it's difficult and impossible.




Cindy




Hi,




Cindy.


It


isn't


impossible


but


you


have


to


get


started


now.


Make


a


study


plan




and


prepare for each subject. It's better to study for an hour a day than just once a week, all day.




Amy



I share a bedroom and a desk with my sister. When we study at the desk together, she


distracts


(使分心)


me because she is noisy. I try to talk with her about it, but she gets angry.


Can you help me?




Jane



Hi, Jane. You and your sister can use the desk at different times. You can talk about it with


her. Or you can study at the school library a few times a week. If it's easier to write instead of


(而不是)


talking face to face, try messaging her and explain


(解释)


how



you feel.




Amy



I'm silly. I just find it hard to study. I always stop and start and I keep getting the feeling that


I'm learning wrong things. I don't think you can really help me.




Liza



Liza, you're not silly at all! Lots of students have the same experience as you. Sometimes


things will improve if you join a study group. Join a group and meet twice or three times a


week after school to study together. It's helpful for lots of students.




Amy




1



What is Cindy's problem?



A. Her teachers don't like her.



B. Her parents don't understand her.



C. She doesn't want to study for her exams.



D. She doesn't have enough time to study for her exams.




2



Who lives in the same bedroom with her sister?



A. Amy. B. Cindy. C. Jane. D. Liza.




3



The best word for





A. terrible B. afraid C. lucky D. excited




4



What does Amy think of Liza?



A. She is silly.


B. She is noisy.


C. She learns quickly.


D. She has a common problem.




5



Amy advises Liza to ______.



A. make a plan



B. join a study group



C. talk with her friends



D. study in the school library



【答案】




1



D



(< /p>


2



C




3



A

< p>



4



D




5



B



【解析】


【分析】文章讲诉了关于学 习热线主持人艾米回答了森碟、简和丽莎关于各自的


学习问题。






1


)细节理解题。根据


I don't have enough time. Next month, I will have twelve exams.


可知


是没有足够的时间为考试学习;故选


D

< p>





2


)细节理解题。根据


I share a bedroom and a desk with my sister.



Jane


可知是简和妹妹


共用房间;故选


C




< p>


3


)细节理解题。根据


she


distracts


(使分心)



me


because


she


is


noisy.


I


try


to


talk


with


her about it, but she gets angry. Can you help me?


可知感觉多么糟糕;故选


A






4


)细节理解题。根据


Lots of students have the same experience as you.

可知是认为丽莎的


问题很正常;故选


D





5


)细节理解题。根据


Sometimes things will improve if you join a study group.


可知是建议


她参加学习俱乐部;故选


B





【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这 篇阅读理解是关于细节理解。对于细节理解题,需要在有


限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳 读等技巧快速阅读,发现文章中的细节信息,然后遵循由


整体到细节的原则,把握作者的 思路,按全文


——


段落


——

< p>
词语的步骤来解题。









8



阅读理解




One of the most detailed


(详细的)


descriptions Of a UEO was given by nine-year-old Gaynor


in Sunderland in July 1976.



Gaynor lived in Oakenholt, a village in North Wales. On her way home from school, she saw a


silver


(银色的)


object shaped like a saucer


(茶碟)


in a field not far from her home.



The strange craft


(飞行物)


was about 30 feet long and 9 feet high. It had yellow windows


along the side and on the top there was a light flashing in a kind of box. Although Gaynor was


very frightened, she did not run away. Instead, she lay quietly in the long grass and watched the


door of the strange craft open. She saw two people wearing silver suits come out of the craft.


They


were


carrying


some


kind


of


equipment


(设备)



which


they


used


to


examine


the


ground. They were short and had large pink eyes, Gaynor reported.



After about half an hour, the two people went back into the craft. At once there was a loud


noise and the UFO took off.



Although Gaynor told her mother what she had seen, her family decided to keep quiet about it.


They did not want people to laugh at their daughter. However, 18 months later, Gaynor told her


story to UFO experts. They hypnotized


(使进入睡眠状态)


Gaynor so that they could be sure


she was telling the truth.



Not only did she repeat her story, but also she was able to draw a picture of what she had seen!




1


Which of these descriptions of Gaynor is TRUE?



A. She was nine, lived in a village and had never seen a UFO before.


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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