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选修七第六单元词汇教案

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-28 02:39
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2021年2月28日发(作者:女宇航员)


适用学科



高中英语



■■ 「




■■ 「


J



1



适用年级



课时时长(分钟)



高中二年级



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2


课时



[


_____________



__________________________


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J



_______________________



1.


重点词汇:预习



module6


所学词汇:



!


|


venue ,


preserve ,agreeme nt, divert, prehistoric , rema ins, archaeologist ‘primitive ,skull,



item, existenee, relation, limestone ,span, fossil ,beast ,sharpen, excavation ,evolution, exposure,


适用区域



外研版区域



|



i


I


i


知识点



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i


i


i


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教学目标



I ■—




weed ,cement ,contribute, mantain, endangered, recommend, awareness propose, fund,


assistance,pre cious,catastrophe,estimate,waterproof,marvelous ,imperial ,tangible ,intangible ,de


legate,m onumen t, in habita nt,ma nkin d,directory,bid,e nl arge,discrim in ati on ,practiti on


er,advocate,


status, virus, malaria, compromise, seminar, epic, agenda, mercy, undertake ,absenee,


I


j


subjective,di plomacy,thorough,bureaucratic,autonomy,federal,gui dance,ignore ,Hispanic ,honor,


>


journalism


j


2.


重点词组:


in return , symbolic ambassador , at the mercy of, be honored for, of vital




importa nee, apart from, go through , remind sb. of sth,


3.


重点句型:



j



It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies, but also has




provided amaz ing evide nee about the process of evoluti on.




But some people feel that there needs to be a compromise between the term



heritage




i


which suggests something old fashioned, and the fact that TCM is still developing as a medical


i


j


science.




It started when a Santa Fe organization called the Network for the Common Good was


i


established.


i



The idea was to celebrate the lives of members of the older gen eratio n.


4.


重点语法:虚拟语气和地点状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语 从句。



1.


掌握重点单词短语和句型。



2.


掌握重点语法。



I



1




i



i



I







I




I


i


I


1


本模块以世界文化遗产为话题,



i


I


使学生了解有形文化遗产与无形文化遗产、



周口店北京人



i



I



教学重点



i


i


遗址及相关文化保护计划;



i



I


I< /p>


通过听、说等活动,获取信息,学习并巩固有关词汇、短语,讨论有关话题,阐述自己的< /p>



!


看法;通过


Reading


的学习,了解周口店北京人遗址的发现及现状,



i


I


无形文化遗产的类型,



i



I



!


以及我国其他的文化遗产;



i


i


通过


Writing


的学习,学习根据行文逻辑正确运用



even though




i



i



even if



as long as, no matter


等连接词,较清楚地书面介绍一种无形文化遗产;学习动词



I


i


I



i



recommend



request




propose, suggest< /p>



insist


在虚拟语气中的用法,复 习地点、条件、让



i


i



i


步状语从句。



I


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^


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^


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^


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^



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■ I




?


■ I




?



?



i



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?


■ I



■ I



教学难点



虚拟语气和地点状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句



两个语法点的理解记忆。



教学过程



一、导入



【教学建议】



1

复习以往知识:可以从已学、已知的入手,与今天的教学进行对比。



2.


学校近期讲授的内容进行出题(以简单题和中档题为主,以



分钟左右为宜)进行测验,也可以针对基础知识进行复习提问,



握程度,进而展开教学。



检查学生学校所学内容的掌




课前小测:可以针对学生


10



1?


词汇短语:



I.


保护;保存


< br>v.




_


______



2


.


协议



n.



__________


同意



v.



______


3.


_______________



投资



v.




_________


投资



n.





4.


使改道



v.



______



5.


6.


遗迹;遗体



n.




_


______



7.


_______________



存在



n.




_


____________


T


存在,生存



v.




&


亲属;亲戚


n.




________




史前的;有历史记载以前的




adj.






2





9.


_________________


使变锋利



v.




_______


T


锋利的



adj.




_


_______________


T


锋利地;锐利地



adv.





10.


发掘



n.



_____


II.



按某次序



把……列表,列清单



v.




________



12


.



进化;演变



13


.



暴露;显露



14


.



促成


(v.)


15


.



保持;维持


;



16


.



濒危的


(adj.)




(n.)


(n.)



T


发展;



(


使


)


进化< /p>


(v.)


(


使


)


曝光


(v.)


T


暴露:



T


贝献;扌冃献



(n.)



保养



(v.)


T


使遭受损失,危及


(v.)



17


.



推存


v.)


18


.



意识;认识;



感悟能力


(n.)



T


知道的,明白的


(adj.)


19


.


建议;提议


(


v.)


__________



20


?帮助;援助


(

< br>n.)


___________


T

< br>协助;帮助


(


v.)


___________



21.


宝贵的;珍贵的;贵重的



(adj.) ____________



22.


估计;估算


(


n.) _________



23


?长度


(n.)


_


________


24


?请求;要求


(


n.)


_________



重点短语



25.


_______ vital importanee


至关重要



26.


apart ________




.


....


之外



【答案】


1. preserve 2. agreement; agree 3. invest; investment 4. divert torie 6. remains 7. existenee




exist 8.


relation9. sharpen; sharp; sharply 10. exeavation 11. list 12. evolution; evolve 13. exposure; expose 14. eon tribute; eon


tributi on 15. maintain 16. endan gered; endan ger 17. reeomme nd 18. aware ness; aware19. propose 20. assista nee


assist 21. preeious 22. estimate 23. len gth 24. request



3





二、知识讲解




(


知识点


1


词汇




.



n.


会场;举办地点




venue


agreeme nt



preserve


in vest


spa n


v.


保护;保存



v.


投资



n.


时距;期间



n.


协议



v.


使改道



divert




4





existe nee


skull


archaeologist


n.


存在



n.


头颅;颅骨



n.


考古学豕



limesto ne


item


primitive


n.


石灰石



n.


(一)件



adj.


(人类或动植物)原始的,



原生的



remai ns


n.


遗迹;遗体



prehistoric


adj.


史前的;有历史记载以前的



fossil


assista nee


propose


n.


化石



n.


帮助,援助



v.


建议;提议



beast


fund


aware ness


n.


野兽



n.


基金;专款



n.


意识;认识;感悟能力



reeomme nd


main tai n




V.


推存



n.


保持;维持;保养




endangered


con tribute



adj.


濒危的



V.


促成



n.


野草;杂草




eeme nt




n.


水泥




weed


evoluti on


excavati on


exposure


list


n.


暴露;显露



V.


(按某次序)把



.


......


列表,



列清单



n.


进化;演变



n.


发掘



s harpe n


V.


使变锋利



precious


adj.


玉贵的;珍贵的;贵重的



catastrophe


mankind


monument


intan gible


n.


毁灭性的大灾难



n.


人类



n.


纪念碑;纪念馆



adj.


无形的;难以捉摸的;



无法形容的



estimate


in habita nt


delegate


tan gible


v


.


n.


估计;估算



n.


居民



n.


代表



adj.


有形的;可触摸的



imperial


adj.


皇帝的;皇家的



marvelous


adj.


极好的;绝妙的;了不起的



waterproof




adj.


防水的;不透水的




request



n.


请求;要求



adj.


官僚的;官僚主义的



directory n



.


名录;指南



bureaucratic



5





malaria


status


practiti oner



n.


疟疾



n.


法律地位



n.


(尤指医学或法律界的)



从业人员



compromise


virus


advocate




n.


折中;妥协



n.


病毒



v.


主张,拥护



en large


V.


(使)增大;(使)扩大



discrim in ati on


n.


歧视



bid




n.


投标;努力,争取



sem inar




n.


讨论课,研讨会



epic


journalism


Hispa nic



n.


史诗,叙事诗



n.


新闻业;新闻工作



adj.


与说西班牙语(葡萄牙



语)国家有关的



diplomacy


honour


ignore




n.


外交



v.


给予荣誉



v.


忽视;不理;不管



guida nee


aut onomy


n.


指导,引导,咨询



n.


自治,自治权



federal


thorough


adj.


联邦政府的



adj.


彻底的;全面的;详尽的



agenda




n.


(事项)待办;待讨论



subjective




adj.


主观的



absenee




n.


缺乏;没有



un dertake




v.


许诺做某事;冋意做某事



mercy



n.


任凭……的摆布



in vest


v.


投资



知识点


2


词组



go through


at the mercy of...


in fact


because of


apart from


获准;经过程序



受……支配



事实上



因为,由于



remind sth.


in return


be honoured for


of vital importa nee


symbolic ambassador


使某人想起……



反过来



因……而受到尊敬



至关重要



除……之外



形象大使




6





知识点


3


虚 拟语气



I


.


虚拟语气



虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实或者是不可能发生的情况,



反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。



或是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相



1


在条件状语从句中的用法



英语中有两种条件句:



真实条件句和非真实条件句。



非真实条件句表示所提出的假设实现的



可能性小或与事实相反,在这种非真实条件


句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。具体形式和用 法如



下:



(1)


表示与现在事实相反的假设



句型:条件从句





主句



一般过去时




should/would/could/might


+


动词原形



If he were here, everyth ng would be all right.


要是他在这儿,一切都没问题了。


< /p>


(


可是他并不在这儿


)

< br>


(2)


表示与过去事实相反的假设







句型:条件从句





主句



过去完成时




should/would/could/might have


+


过去分词



If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.


如果她工作再努力点的话,她就会成功了。



(


她以前工作不够努力,没有成功



)



(3)


表示对将来的假设




句型:条件从句




主句



一般过去时




should/would/could/might


+


动词原形



should/would/could/might


+


动词原形




should


+


动词原形



were


+


不定式




should/would/could/might


+


动词原形



(4)


有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示 。常



用的词或短语有:



without, but for, otherwise, or, but


等。





6




Without your help(


=


If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.


要是没有你的帮助,我们是不会成功的。



But for electricity(


=


If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.


要是没电,就不会有现代工业。



I ran all the way to school, otherwise I would have bee n late.


我一路跑到学校,不然就迟到了。



If you succeeded, everything would be all right.


=


If you should succeed, everyth ing would be all right.


=


If you were to succeed, everyth ing would be all right.


如果你成功的话,一切都会好起来的。



(5)


主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因 时间不



同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。



If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.


如果你昨天问一问他的话,你现在就知道做什么了。



(


从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。



⑹虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有




had


移到从句句首,构成倒装。



)



should


were


,


should

< p>


had


,可将


if


省略,再把



were


,


Were they here now, they could help us.


=


If they were here now, they could help us.


如果他们现在在这儿的话,他们就会帮助我们了。



Should it rain, the crops would be saved.


=


If it should rain, the crops would be saved.


如果下雨的话,庄稼就会得救了。



Had you come earlier, you would have met him.


=


If you had come earlier, you would have met him.


如果你早点来的话,就会见到他了。




2.


在宾语从句中的用法



(


1


)


在< /p>


wish



would rather


后的宾语从句中,意为’但愿



.


..............


,希望;



...


就好了






7




(1)



wish

后跟一般过去时表示对当时存在的事实的一种不切合实际的想法。



(2)



wish

后跟过去完成式时,表示以前发生的一种憾事。



I wish I were rich.


但愿我很富有。



I wish I had n't told him that.


要是我没告诉他那事就好了。



He would rather he had n't lent Tom money last week.


他宁愿自己上周没借给汤姆钱。



(2)


在表



建议;命令




suggest order, dema nd, propose, comma nd, request, desire, in sist, recommend


等动词后的宾语从


句中,用虚拟语气



should


+


do


的形式,其中


should


可省略。



I suggest we(should)set off right now.


我建议我们现在就出发。



He in sisted that we(should)take up the matter at the meeti ng.


他坚持要我们在会上谈这个问题。



注 意:当


insist


表示


< p>
坚持认为




sugges t


表示



表明;暗示”时,其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟



语气。



3.




it is suggested,it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed, it is necessary, it is important

< br>等结构后的主


语从句,用虚拟语气。



It is requested that every teacher in our class(should)give a performa nee at the party.


我们班级的每一位老师都得在晚会上表演节目。



It is importa nt that we(should)study both Chin ese and En glish well whe n we are young.


我们正值年轻,对我们来说学好汉语和英语是很重要的。




4.


order, plan


等名词后面的表语从句中或同位语从句中,



He gave orders that the guests(should)be hospitably en terta in ed.




suggestion, proposal,


用虚拟语



气。




8




他下令热情款待这些客人。



My suggesti on is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.


我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助别的小组。



5.



as if/though


引导的状语从句或表语从句中。



She always talks to me as if she were my sister.


她总是以我姐姐的语气跟我说话。



He walks slowly as if he had hurt his leg.


他走得很慢,好像腿受伤的样子。



6.




It's


(


high/about< /p>


)


time that...


句型中,用虚拟语气。



It's time that you went to fetch your daughter from the kindergarten.


是你去幼儿园接你女儿的时候了。



It's high time that the weather improved.


天气真该好起来了。



7.


if only


引起的感叹句中的虚拟语气,表示愿望。



If only he were here!


要是他在这儿就好了。



If only I had not been ill last week!


要是上周我没病该多好啊!




(


知识点


4


地点状语 从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句



1.


地点状语从句



可置于句首、句中或句尾。引导地点状语从句



在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句,



的常用引导词有:



where, wherever, any where, everywhere, no where


等。地点状语从句相当于



to/in/from the place(s)where...




in/to/from any place where...


结构。



We live where the road crosses the river.


我们住在河流与街道交叉的地方。



Make marks where you have questi ons.


在有问题的地方作出标记。



You can go any where you like.



你可以到你想去的任何地方。



Where there is a will, there is a way.


有志者事竟成。




9




提示:地点状语从句一般可以转化为定语从句,只要在



where


前加上


to/in/from the place


,


便可变为定语从句。



上面带有地点状 语从


句的句子可改为下面带有定语从句的句子,



变。



意义不



We live in a place where the road crosses the river.


Make marks in places where you have questi ons.


You can go to any place where you like.


In places where there is a will, there is a way.


2.


条件状语从句



在句子中作条件状语的从句称为条件状语从句。条件状语从句可置于句首,也可置于句尾,



有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。引导条件状语从句的常用引导词为:



if, un less, as/so long as,



on ce, in case, on con diti on that, suppos in g(that), providi ng(that), provided(that), give n(that)


等。



If it snows tomorrow, we will build a sno wma n.


如果明天下雪,我们就堆雪人。



You'll be late aga in uni ess you hurry.


如若不快点你又要迟到了。



As/So long as you promise to come(


=


Only if you promise to come), I'll wait for you until you


come.


只要你答应,我就等到你来。



In case it rains, do not expect me.


如若下雨,就不要等我了。



I will do it on con diti on that you help me.


只要你肯帮助我,我就愿意做此事。




Providing/Supposing/Given/Provided(that )you promise not to tell anyone else, I'll tell the secret.


只要你保证不告诉任何人,我就把这个秘密讲给你听。



3.


让步状语从句



在句子中作让步状语的从句称为让步状语从句。让步状语从句可置于句首,也可置于句尾,



有时可置于句中。让步状语从句通常由下列词或短语引导:



though, although, even though,


even if, as, whether...or not..., whether or not, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever,



10




whosever, whenever, wherever, however


等。



(1)


though/although


,这两个词在一般情况下几乎完全相同,

< p>


although


那么正式,两者通常互换使用 。



Although/Though she works very hard, (yet)she makes very slow progress.


though



although


通俗,但不如



尽管她尽了力,但还是进步不快。



Young though she is, she has travelled to many coun tries to put on shows.


她尽管年轻,但已到过很多国家进行演出。



(2)


even though/even if


,


这两个短语表示语气更强的让步,



常常译为



再退一步说





Even though the lear ning is slow and pain ful, the result is won derful.


学习尽管是缓慢而艰苦的,可结果是美好的。



Even though/Eve n if you say so, I do not believe it.


即使你这么说,我也不信。



(3)


as


表示让步”时常用倒装。 倒装时如若有带冠词的名词,冠词需要省去;形容词、副词、



动词等提到句首时都要用原形。



Pop star as/though she is, she still n eeds to improve.


尽管已是流行歌手,她仍需要努力。



Fail as/though I did, I would n ever give up.


尽管我失败了,但我不放弃。




(4)


whether(...)or not/whether...or...


的用法



All the n ati ons should be equal, whether they are strong or not.


所有国家都应平等,不管它们是否强大。



Sports will be of great value to people, whether they are men or women, old or young.


体育对于人来说是很有价值的,不管他们是男是女,是老人还是小孩。< /p>




wh- ever


类词在引导让步状语从句时常可换成



句时只能用


wh- ever




no matter < /p>


+


相应的


wh


词 ,在引导名词性从



When ever rm un happy, it is my friend who cheers me up.(No matter when rm un happy, it is my friend who cheers me


up.)


不管什么时候我不高兴,我的朋友总是给我鼓励。




11




I'll wait for you however late it is.(


=


I'll wait for you no matter how late it is.)


不管有多晚我都会等着你。



知识点< /p>


5


要点精讲



【 要点


1



preserve v.


(1)


保护;维护





Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.


维护和平的努力失败了。





The wreck was preserved by the muddy sea bed.


失事船只的残骸被泥泞的海床保护了起来。



(2)


保存;保留;维护……的原状





I thi nk these traditi onal customs should be preserved.


我认为应该保留这些传统习俗。





You can preserve fruit by making it into jam.


你可以把水果制成果酱保存。



【知识拓展】



(1)preservable adj.


可保存


(


保护


/


保管


)


的;可储藏的



preserver n.


保护者;保存者;防护物;防腐物; 鸟兽保护者;罐头


(


蜜饯


)

< p>
制造人



preservation n.


保护;维护;储藏;保存


/



/




(2)


“保护


/


阻止……免受……”其他表达形式:



Stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing


阻止某人干某事



save sb. from sth.


救助某人于



......




free sb. from sth.


使某人免受


......



defend sb. from sth.


保卫某人免受



.......



protect sb. from/against sth.


保护某人免受



......



safeguard sb. from sth.


保护某人免受



.......



【要点

< p>
2



agreement n.



C



协定;协议;



U



同意;一致;感 情融洽





I don't know the exact terms of the agreeme nt.



14





我不知道该协议的确切条款。





rm quite in agreeme nt with your decisi on.


我完全赞同你的决定。





Complete agreeme nt betwee n theory and practice is a rare case.


理论与实践完全一致的例子是少有的。



【知识拓展】



(1)reach/come to/arrive at an agreement


达成协定



make/conclude an agreement


签订协定



/


协约



in agreement with


同意;





.....


一致



by agreement


同意;依约



⑵记忆


agree


一族




动词




agree


disagree


【例题】完成句子





名词




agreeme nt


disagreeme nt



形容词




agreeable


disagreeable


会议结束的时候,他们宣布达成了一项协议。



At the end of the meet in g, it was announced that an agreeme nt


______



【答案】


had been reached


【要点


3



divert v.


(1)


使转向;使改道





Farmers diverted the water from the river to the field.


农民们把河流的水引进田里。





Because of the weather, they had to divert their ship from its course.


由于天气的原因,他们不得不使船只转变航向。



(2)


使消遣;使解闷



We were diverted by his funny performa nee.


我们被他的滑稽表演逗乐了。


⑶挪用;改变


(


金钱、时间等


)< /p>


的用途



They diverted the funds to some other purpose.



15





他们把资金挪作他用。


< p>
16





【例题】完成句子



农民们非法引水来挽救庄稼。



Farmers were illegally ________________________ save their crops.


【答案】


diverti ng water to


【要点


4



exist enee n.


(1)


存在;实有



Do you believe in the existe nee of God?


你相信上帝存在吗?



(2)


生活;生活方式





He leads a happy existe nee.


他过着幸福的生活。





She has a miserable existenee living with him.


跟他住在一起,她的生活很悲惨。



(3)


生存



I think that this is a struggle for existe nee.


我认为这是生存竞争。



【知识拓展】



bring/eall into existenee


使产生;



使出现



eome into existenee


开始存在;



产生



in existenee


存在的;现存的



exist vi.


存在;生存;生活



existent adj.


存在的;现存的



【例题】完成句子



(1)


这是现存的最早的汉语手稿。



This is the oldest Chin ese manu seript


_______________


.



(2)


没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。



No one knows whe n sueh a eustom


________________________


.


【答案】



(


1)i n existe nee (2)eame into existe nee


【要点


5

< br>】


relation n.



U



关系;关联;


< br>C



亲属;亲戚





Manners are importa nt to happy relati ons among people.




14




礼貌对于人们之间的友好关系是很重要的。





I don't know the relati on betwee n temperature and humidity.


我不知道温度和湿度的关系。



【知识拓展】



relationship n.


关系;关联;血缘关系



The teacher has a very good relati on ship with his stude nts.


这位老师和学生们关系很融洽。



词语辨析



relati on ship, relatio n


relationship,


指人时,常暗含一种带有强烈感情色彩的紧密关系。



rel ation


可用来指人们和群体之间一种更为正式或较远的





Her relati on ship with her husba nd is very good.


她和她丈夫的关系很好。





Relati ons betwee n our coun tries are improvi ng.


我们两国的关系正在改善。



【例题】用


relation, relationship


填空



relationship




(1)


He has a very good ______


with his un cle.


(2)


He is a n ear


______


o


f mine.


(3)


Ca nada and Italy established diplomatic


______


i


n 1970.


【答案】


(


1)relatio nship


(2)relation


(3)relatio ns


【要点


6


sharpen v.


使变锋利;变尖锐;变清晰;变敏感





The soldiers sharpe ned up their kni ves.


战士们把刀磨得锋利。





Shadows sharpe ned.


阴影更清晰了。





Poetry helps to un dersta nd life by sharpe ning our sen ses.


由于能够使我们的感觉更为敏锐,诗歌有助于帮助我们了解人生。



注意:


sharpen


是由


sharp(


形容词


)


+ < /p>


en(


后缀


)


构 成。其他常用动词后缀:



(1)en


使得;变得




19





strength


力量宀



strengthen


力口强



deep

深的


T


deepen


加深



dark


黑暗的


T


darken


变黑


(



)



wide


宽的


T


widen


加宽



broad



/


大的


T


broaden


加宽;扩大



⑵前缀


en





en


=


make


enable vt.


使 能够


(


=


make...able)


enlarge vt.


使变大


(< /p>


=


make...large)


enrich vt.


使富有


(


=


make...rich)




en


=


(put...)in


endan ger vt.


使遭危险;



危害



(


=


put...i n dan ger)


enclose vt.


围起


(


=


close in)


enforce vt.


实施;迫使


(


=


put...in force)


【知识拓展】



sharp adj.


敏锐的;锋利的,尖的;


(


言辞等


)


尖酸的,刻薄的;急转的,陡的





The famous writer is still sharp in thought though he has reached the age of nin etytwo.


这位著名作家虽已 是


92


岁高龄,但仍然思维敏捷。





He cut dow n the tree with a sharp axe.


他用一把锋利的斧子砍倒了那棵树。





His sharp words seemed to hurt her.


他那些刻薄的话看来伤害了她。



【要 点


7



evolution n. [U]


进化;演变,演化;发展



Darwi n's theory of evolution


达尔文的进化论



The space program is the evoluti on of years of research.


太空计划是多年研究的发展结果。



单词积累




20





evolve v.


发展;


(


使


)


进化

< p>


evolutionary adj.


发展的;进化的



我们的政治制度正在不断发展中。



【例题】完成句子



Our political in stituti ons are _____________________ .


【答案】


in con ti nu ous evolutio n


【要点


8


】< /p>


exposure n. [U, C]


暴露;显露;曝光;揭发





Skin can cer can be caused by proIon ged exposure to the sun.


长时间晒太阳可能会导致皮肤癌。





The compa ny feared exposure of its shaky finan cial con diti on.


该公司担心财务不稳的状况遭人揭发。



单词积累



expose vt.(< /p>



to


连用


)< /p>


暴露;使曝光;揭露





You can't expose your skin to the sun.


你不能把皮肤暴露在阳光下。





The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.


对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。



【例题】完成句子



(1)


身体暴露在强光下会对我们造成伤害。




_


_______________ the body


________


t


he strong sun light can cause great harm to us.


(2)


这种液体不能暴露在空气中,因为它会很快蒸发掉。



This liquid is not to ________________________


air, for it will soon evaporate.


【答案】


(



【要点


9



con tribute


(1)


vi.< /p>


促进;起作用;有助于


(



to


连用


)





I'm sure your suggesti on will con tribute to solvi ng the problem.


我肯定你的建议将有助于解决问题。





Exercise con tributes to better health.



21





锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。



(2)


vt. & vi.


捐献;捐 赠


(


钱、物等


)



He con tributed some money to the flood victims.


他捐出了一些钱给遭水灾的难民。



(3)


vt.


贡献



The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to the world civilization.


宋朝以三大发明对世界文明做出了贡献。



(4)


vt. & vi.


投稿


(


给报纸、



杂志等


)



He con tributed an article to our school paper yesterday.


昨天他给我们学校投了一篇文章。



【知识拓展】



contributing adj.


贡献的;起一份作用的



contributor n.


投稿者;捐助者



contribution n.


贡献;捐献;捐助;投稿



make contribution to...




.....


做贡献



注意:


con tribute to


中的


to


为介词,后接名词或动名词。



类似的短语还有:



devote...to...




....


贡献到



.....




get used to


习惯于


....



lead to


导致



see to


负责,照料



object to


反对



look forward to


期望,盼望



【例题】句型转换



All trades and professi ons should con tribute to the socialist econo mic con structi on.


T


All trades and professions should ____________ _


econo mic con struct ion.



22




the socialist



【答案】



make a con tributi on to


【要点


10


recommend vt.


推荐;介绍;建议;劝告





I will recomme nd you as his secretary.



23< /p>





我要举荐你做他的秘书。





I recomme nd you to comply with safety regulati ons.


我劝你遵守安全规则。



【知识拓展】



recommend sth. to sb.


=


recommend sb. sth.




.....


介绍;





....


推荐



recomme nd sb. as...


推荐某人当



.....



recomme nd sb. to do sth.


建议某人做某事



recommend doing...


建议做



......



recommend


+


从句建议



.


.......



It is/was


+


recommended that...


有人建议



.


.....





We stron gly recomme nd report ing the in cide nt to the police.


我们强烈建议报警。





It is recomme nded that you(should) con sult your doctor.


建议你去咨询医生。



注意:


recomme nd, suggest, request, dema nd, urge, propose, prefer, advise, in sist, require, order,


comma nd


等词所带的宾语从句以及它们对应的名词所带的表语从句、同位语从句,再加上



它们的过去分词所在的“



It is/was


+


过去分


< p>
+


主语从句”等结构中的谓语动词必须用



should do


的形式,


shou ld


可省略。



【要点


11



awarenessn.


意识;认识;感悟能力





There is a gen eral aware ness that smok ing is harmful.


人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。





He has no immediate aware ness of the scope of the crisis.


他对危机的范围没有直接的感悟能力。





Environmen tal aware ness has in creased dramatically over the past decade.


在过去的十年里,人们的环保意识迅速提高。



【知识拓展】



aware adj.


知道的,注意到的



be aware of


意识至注意至


U


be aware that


意识到,注意到



Their sudde n attack made us more aware of the dan ger around us.




19




他们突然的攻击使我们更加注意我们周围的危险。



I am well aware that this is a tough job.


我深知这是一件棘手的工作。



【例题】完成句子



直到现在我终于意识到了学英语的重要性。



Un til no w, I _______________________


the importa nee of studyi ng En glish.


【答案】


an aware of


【 要点


12



propose v.


(1)


建议;提议





What should you propose?


你想提什么建议?





Some people proposed eha nges to the edueat ing system.


一些人提议进行教育体制改革。



(2)


打算;计划



propose to do/doing sth.


打算做某事





I propose to make an early start tomorrow.


我打算明天早晨早走。





How do you propose going to work?


你打算怎么去上班?



⑶提名;提出……供表决



We proposed Wang Lei for our mon itor.


我们提名王磊做班长。



【知识拓展】



(1)


propose doing sth.


提议做某事



propose that... (should) do...


建议



.....



(2)


proposal n


.


建议,提议



We are all for your proposal that the diseussi on (should) be put off.


我们都赞成你的建议,把讨论推迟。




26





【例题】语法填空



The foreig ner put forward a proposal that we _______ (develop) the new product together.


【答案】


(


should) develop


【要点


13



request n


.


& vt.


请求,要求





By popular request, the chairma n was reelected.


依大众要求,主席获重选连任。





Mr Paine made a request that I should help him.


佩恩先生要求我帮助他。





Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.


参观者被要求不要触摸展示品。



注意 :当


request


用作名词时,后常跟同位语从句,



此时同位语从句应该用



should


+


v.


结构的



虚拟语气,当


request


用作动词时,后

< br>跟宾语从句,此句中也应该用



should


+


v.


结构的虚拟语



气,这两种情况中的



should


一般都可省略。



【知识拓展】



request sth. of sb.


向某人请求某事



request sth. from someplace


向某地申请某物



request for sth.


请求某物



make a request to sb


请求某人



request sb. to do sth.


请求某人做某事



in(great) request


急需



by/at request


应允请求,有请求时





I requested him to come before ten.


我要求他十点以前来。





What I request of them is that they should keep it secret.


我请求他们的是,这件事要保密。





Mr. Joh nson was very much in request as a lecturer.


各校纷纷邀请詹森先生讲课。



辨析



ask


,


beg


,


dema nd


,


require


,


request



27





这些动词均有“要求,请求”之意。




ask



最普通用词,指向对方提出要求或请求,长、晚辈,上、下级之间都可使用。



beg





指恳切地或再三地请求或要求,常含低三下四意味,也多用于应酬场合。



dema nd





一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求,或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。



require





强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。



request




正式用词,指非常正式,有礼貌的请求或恳求,



多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。





I must ask you to excuse me.



我得请你原谅。





The boy begged that he might be allowed/begged to come with us.


这男孩子恳求允许他和我们一道来。





He dema nds that he be told/dema nds to be told everyth ing.


他要求将一切都告诉他。





This project will require less mon ey.


这项工程所需的投资较少。



【要点< /p>


14



of vial importanee


至关重要



It is of vital importanee that the authorities take measures to prevent tax fraud.


当局采取措施防止偷税漏税至关重要。



知识拓展




b?Df


+


形容词



+


抽象名词”相当于“


be



副词



+


与该抽象名词同根的形容词



常用来表示人或事物所具有的特征或性质,在句中常用来作表语或后置定语。





The stude nts are of the same age.


这些学生年龄一样大。





I don't find anything of interest in today's paper.


在今天的报纸上我没发现什么有意思的内容。



用于以上结构的抽象名词及对应的形容词有:




28




-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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