-
Unit 1
1. deviate
from
英
[di:vieitfr
?
m]
美
[divi
·
et fr
?
m]
不同于…
;
背离，偏离…
;
1
）
. The bus had
to deviate from its usual route because of a road
closure.
因为道路封闭，公共汽车只得绕道而行。
2
）
. Deviate from
socialism and China will inevitably retrogress to
semi - feudalism
and semi - colonialism
.
中国离开社会主义就必然退回到半封建半殖民地
.
2.
had he not
been…
.. if
虚拟条件句
类似：
Were should
1
）
. Had it not
been for his family, He'd have gone away long ago.
要是没有家眷拖累
,
他早就远走高飞了
.
2
）
Had he not
saved me, I might have been drowned.
我可能溺死了
,
若非他救了我
.
3.
preclude…
from
…
英
[pr
?
klu:d]
美
[pr
?
·
klud]
1) A prior engagement will preclude
them from coming.
他们因为有约在先
,
不能来了
.
2)That will
preclude him from
escaping.
那将使他无法逃走
.
3) We try to preclude any
possibility
of
misunderstanding.
我们努力排除任何误解的可能性
.
4) . My present finances preclude the
possibility of buying a car.
按我目前的财务状况我是不可能买车的
.
4. premier
英
[premi
?
(r)]
美
[pr
?
m
?
r]
n.
总理
;
首相
;
adj.
第一的，首位的
;
首要的
;
最先的
;
最早的
1) The Prime
Minister played host to French Premier Jacques
Chirac.
首相接待了法国总理雅克·希拉克。
2) He has acquired a reputation as
this country's premier solo violinist.
1
他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。
3)The premier was in expansive mood.
总理心情开朗。
5.
whereby adv.
通过…
;
借以
;
与…一致
;
1) They
have introduced a new system whereby all employees
must undergo regular
training.
他们采用了新的制度，所有的雇员都必须定期进行培训。
2
）
Whereby shall
we know her?
我们靠什么认出她呢
?
6. civic adj.
城市的
;
公民的，市民的
;
1
）
I feel it is my
civic duty to vote.
我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务
.
2
）
It's almost
ten miles from here to the civic center.
从这儿到市中心差不多有十英里
.
7. clear-cut
英
[kl
?
?
(r)
k
?
t] adj.
轮廓鲜明的
;
清晰的
;
●
This was a clear-cut case of the original land
owner being in the right...
这个案例中明显是原土地所有人有理。
●
The issue is not so clear
cut.
这个问题不是那么清楚。
... too...
不
...
太?
No
mountains
too
high for you to Climb.
没有山是你爬不过去的。
No
job is too small.
没有任何一种工作是微不足道的
9.
write off
认定?不重要
(
或
无用
)
；忽视
If you
write someone or something off,
you
decide that they are unimportant or useless and
that they are not worth further
serious
attention.
●
He is fed up
with people writing him off because of his age...
他很讨厌大家因为他的年纪而小看他。
●
His critics write him off
as too cautious to succeed...
2
批评他的人不把他当回事，认为他太过谨慎，不能成事。
10. bypass (VERB)
（通常为更快地实现某事）越过，避开，绕开
If you
bypass
someone or something that you
would normally have to get involved with,
you ignore them, often because you want
to achieve something more
quickly.
●
A growing number of
employers are trying to bypass the unions
altogether...
越来越多的雇主试图完全绕过工会行事。
●
...money for new roads to
bypass cities.
建造新的城市外环道所需的资金
11. persecution
英
[p
?
:
s
?
'kju:
?
n]
美
[p
?
s
?
kju
?
?
n]
n.
迫害或受迫害，烦扰
;
苛求，困扰
;
.For
pity's sake try to stop this persecution.
做做好事
,
设法制止这场迫害吧
.
. In many cases religious
persecution is the cause of people fleeing their
country. A
case in point is colonial
India.
很多情况下，宗教迫害是导致人们逃奔异国他乡的原因。一个典型的
例子是殖民统治
时期的印度。
12.
spur|sp
?
:(r)| n.& v
n. [
常用单数形式
] ~ (to
sth) a fact or an event that makes you want to do
sth better or more quickly
鞭策；激励；刺激；鼓舞
同义词
motivation
His
speech was a powerful spur to
action.
他的讲话很有鼓动力。
v.
1) (VERB)
鼓励
;
激励
If one thing spurs you to do another, it
encourages you to do it.
●
It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk
a long ocean journey in their
flimsy
boats...
是金钱驱使这些渔民驾着破旧小船冒险出海远航。
2) cause sth to happen
使发生
. The
discovery of diamonds and gold
spurred<
/p>
（双
r
）
wea
lth and immigration in
this region
……
使该地区财富激增，并引发了移民潮
13.
triumph|tra
??
mf|
3
~
(over sb/sth) a great success, achievement or
victory
获胜
;
克服
;
打败
;
战
胜
;
.
It was a personal triumph over her old
rival.
这是她对老对头的个人胜利。
. She was confident that she would
ultimately triumph over adversity.
她相信自己最终能战胜逆境
.
d
英
[k
?
`mend]
美
[k
?
`
m
?
nd]
1) (VERB)
赞扬
;
赞许
If you commend someone or something, you praise
them formally.
●
I commended her for that action...
我赞扬了她的那一举动。
●
I commend Ms. Orth on
writing such an informative article...
我对奥思太太写出内容如此翔实的文章表示赞许。
2) (VERB)
推荐
;
举荐
If someone commends a person or thing to you, they
tell you that you will find them good
or useful.
●
I can commend
it to him as a realistic course of action.
我可以把这作为一个切实可行的处理方法推荐给他。
15. keep one`s eyes on the prize
执着的追求成功
. Keep
your eyes focused on the prize and never giveup.
16. work one`s way to throughinto (
通过努力
)
逐步达到
. He spent 16 years with one company,
and worked his way into a top management
position.
。。。通过努力最后成为了公司高层
17. unprecedented|
?
n`pres
?
dent
?
d|
that has never happened,
been done or been known before
前所未有的；空
前的；史无前例的
The situation is unprecedented in
modern times.
这种情况在现代还没有出现过。
Such a move is rare, but not
unprecedented.
这种做法很罕见，但也不是没有先例
的。
18. appoint|
?
`p
??
nt|
1)
~
sb (to sth) | ~ sb (as) sth to choose sb for a job
or position of
responsibility
任命；委任
4
They have
appointed a new head teacher at my son's school.
我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。
They appointed him (as) captain of the
English team.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
A lawyer was appointed to represent the
child.
一位律师被
指定
为这个
孩子的代表律师。
2)
[
动词
+
名词短语
][
常用被动态
](form
al) to arrange or decide on a time or
place for doing
sth
约定，指定（时间、地点）
A
date for the meeting is still to be appointed.
会议日期尚待确定。
Everyone was assembled at the appointed
time .
全体人员均按规定时间召集到场。
19. handicap
英
[h?
ndik?
p]
美
[h?
ndi`k?
p]
1)
（生理或智力上的）残障，残疾
A handicap is
a physical or mental disability.
●
He lost his leg when he
was ten, but learnt to overcome his handicap.
他
10
岁时失去了一条腿，但他学会了克服
自己的残疾。
2) (N-COUNT)
< br>不利条件
;
障碍
A
handicap is an event or situation that places
you at a disadvantage and makes it
harder for you to do something.
●
She was away from school
for 15 weeks, a handicap she could have done
without...
她有
15<
/p>
周没上学，这给她带来了本不该有的障碍。
●
Being a foreigner was not
a handicap.
身为外国人并不是一个障碍。
5
Unit 2
y
①
(VERB)
扮演；饰演
When an actor or
actress portrays someone, he or she plays
that person in a play or film.
●
In 1975 he portrayed the
king in a Los Angeles revival of 'Camelot'.
他
1975
年在洛杉矶重新上演的剧目《卡米洛
》中扮演国王。
●
...the
busty and rumbustious Mrs Hall, excellently
portrayed by Toni Palmer.
由托妮·帕默精彩演绎的胸部丰满、吵吵嚷嚷的霍尔太太
②
(VERB)
描绘；描述
When a writer or
artist portrays something, he or she writes a
description or produces a painting of
it.
●
...this northern
novelist, who accurately portrays provincial
domestic life.
这位准确描述外省家庭生活的北方小说家
●
...the landscape as
portrayed by painters such as Claude and Poussin.
克劳德和普桑等画家所描绘的风景
2. Exemplary |ig
?
zempl
?
ri|
providing a good example for people to
copy
典范
的；可作榜样的；可作楷模的
Her behaviour was exemplary.
她的行为堪作楷模。
a man
of exemplary character
一个具有模范品德的人
3.
Takehold sb captive
They were taken
captive by masked gunmen.
他们被蒙面的持枪歹徒劫持了。
The picture gave rise to speculation
that the three were still alive and being held
captive.
这张照片让人们猜测这
< br>3
个人还活着，而且被囚禁起来了。
4. Dart
|d
ɑ
:t;
美
d
ɑ
:rt|
[
动词
+
副词或介词短语
] to move suddenly
and quickly in a particular direction
猛
冲；突进；飞奔
6
A
dog darted across the road in front of me.
一条狗突然在我面前窜过马路。
Her eyes darted around the room,
looking for Greg.
她环视了一下房间，寻找格雷格。
~
a glance/look (at sb) to look at sb suddenly and
quickly
（朝某人猛然）看
一眼，瞥一眼
[
动词
+
名词短语
,
动词
+
名词短语
+
名词短语
]
He darted
an impatient look at Vicky.
他不耐烦地朝维基瞥了一眼。
He
darted Vicky an impatient look.
他不耐烦地瞥了维基一眼。
5.
Anonymous |
??
n
?<
/p>
n
?
m
?
s;
美
??
n
ɑ
:n-|
(of a person
人
) with a name that is not
known or that is not made public
不知姓名
的；名字不公开的
an anonymous donor
不知姓名的捐赠者
The
money was donated by a local businessman who
wishes to remain anonymous .
这笔款子是当地一位不愿透露姓名的企业家捐赠的。
词根
Onym
英
['
?
n
?
m]
美
['
?
n
?
m]
=nam,
表示
名字
< br>anonymous
匿名的
an
无
+onym
名字
+ous
??的→匿名的
Homonymous
英
[h
?
'm
?
n<
/p>
?
m
?
s]
美
[ho
?
'm
?
n
?
m
?
s]
adj.
同音异义的，双关的，同名的
;
homo
英
['h
< br>?
m
??
]
美
['ho
?
mo
?
]
同
+onym
名字
+ous
??的→
homonymous
同名的
Onymous
署名的
7
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