-
2018
学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语
试卷
2019.4
考生注意：
1.
考试时间
120
分钟，试卷满分
140
分。<
/p>
2.
本考试
设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，
做在
试卷上一律不得分。
3.
答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在
答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I.
Listening Comprehension
Section A Short Conversations
Directions
:
In
Section
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation, a
question will be asked about what was said. The
conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a
conversation and the question about it, read the
four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer
to the question you have heard.
1.
A. At an
airport.
B. In
the hotel.
C.
At a bus stop.
D. In a
subway station.
2.
A. The lady
has to go ask for help.
B.
The lady is satisfied with her black coffee.
C. The lady has to have
black coffee.
D. The lady has had too much black
coffee.
3.
A. The paintings are copies with
reasonable prices.
B. The
paintings are absolutely genuine.
C.
The paintings are only sold at this fair.
D. The
paintings are highly priced.
4.
A. The man
booked the flight on Sep. 19.
B. The man will take the
flight on Sep. 16.
C. The man wants to sell his ticket for
Sep. 16.
D. The
man is likely to take the flight on Sep. 20.
5.
A.
A soccer game.
B. A bicycle
race.
C. A
swimming game.
6.
A. Skirt.
D.
A Marathon running race.
C.
Toes.
D. Shoes.
B. Matches.
7.
A. She wants another steak.
B. She
doesn
’
t like the steak.
C. She is too full to have
anything more.
D. She is
full of energy.
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8.
A. She prefers
to exercise in the afternoon.
B. The
man should continue with his exercise.
C. It is important to make warming-up
exercise.
D. The man should start to
exercise one month later.
9.
A. It would be
very cold today.
B. It would get
warm today.
C.
The cold front would stay for long.
10.
A. To drive a long way home.
C. To buy a new car.
D.
The weather report was wrong.
B. To serve as a good
mechanic.
D. To get her car
maintained.
Section B
Directions:
In Section B, you will hear several
longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and
you will be
asked
several
questions
on
each
of
the
conversation(s)
and
the
passage(s).
The
conversation(s)
and
the
passage(s) will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear
a question, read
the four possible
answers on your paper and decide which one would
be the best answer to the question you
have heard.
Questions 11
through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.
A. Many
people like to eat dog meat.
B.
The world is too competitive.
D. Dogs
enjoy their life with people.
C. A junkyard dog.
D. A barking
dog.
C. Dogs are unhappy
with their existence.
12.
A. A sick
dog.
B. A watch
dog.
13.
A. He is
probably to make his wife madder.
B. He could go to work like a dog and
get dog-tired.
C. He is
probably to let sleeping dogs lie.
D. He probably will stay in
the doghouse.
Questions 14
through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.
A. Zhuyun Art Museum shows
China’s moder
n culture, art
and history.
B.
Zhuyun Art Museum shows
Jiading’s
native culture, art and history.
C. Zhuyun Art Museum shows
Jiading’s art crafts dating back to
Tang Dynasty.
D. Zhuyun Art
Museum shows
Jiading’s contemporary
paintings and calligraphy.
15.
A. To renew
old factories to meet more demands of local
residents.
B. To store as
much art crafts as possible.
C. To serve the locals to meet their
diverse art demands.
D. To
set a shelter for local modern artists.
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16.
A. The
earliest Buddha statues in it is about 2500 years
old.
B. This museum holds
over 1000 Buddha statues.
C. The exhibits in it are made of a
variety of materials.
D.
The exhibits represent ancient people’s delicate
techniques and intelligence.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on
the following conversation.
17.
A. Teacher
and student.
B. Consultant and parent.
D. Doctor and patient.
C. Consultant and
headmaster.
18.
A. He withdrew some money from his
parents’ bank account.
B.
He mixed with some bad guys, which influenced his
study.
C. He was not as attentive as
before.
D. He watched too
much TV at home.
19.
A. She was
annoyed.
B.
She was indifferent.
D. She
was anxious.
C. She was
confused.
20.
A. Where
there is a will, there is a way.
B. All roads lead to Rome.
C. All work and no play makes Jack a
dull boy.
D. Don’t throw
the baby out with the bathwater.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word; for the other blanks, use one word that best
fits each blank.
The biggest house of
cards, the longest tongue, and of course, the
tallest man: these are among the
thousands of records logged in the
famous Guinness Book of Records. Created in 1955
after a debate (21)
_______
(concern)
Europe's
fastest
game
bird,
(22)
_______
began
as
a
marketing
tool
sold
to
pub
landlords
(23)
_______
(promote)
Guinness,
an
Irish
drink,
became
the
bestselling
copyright
title
of
all
time (a category that excludes books
such as the Bible and the Koran). In time, the
book would sell 120
million copies in
over 100 countries
—
quite a
leap from its humble beginnings.
In its early
years, the book
set its sights on (24) _______ (satisfy)
man's inborn curiosity about the
natural world around him. Its two
principal fact finders, twins Norris and Ross
McWhirter, moved wildly
around the
globe to collect facts. It was their task to find
and document aspects of life that can be sensed or
observed, things that can be quantified
or measured. But not just any things. They were
only interested in
superlatives:
the
biggest
and
the
best.
It
was
during
this
period
(25)
_______
some
of
the
remarkable
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Guinness Records were documented,
answering such questions as
is the
biggest spider?
Once aware
of the public's thirst for such knowledge, the
book's authors began to branch out to cover
increasingly
doubtful,
little-known
facts.
They
started
documenting
human
achievements
as
well.
A
forerunner for reality television, the
Guinness Book gave people (26) _______ chance to
become famous
for accomplishing odd,
often pointless tasks. Records were set in 1955
for consuming 24 raw eggs in 14
minutes
and in 1981 for the fastest solving of a Rubik's
Cube (which took a mere 38 seconds). In 1979 a
man
yodeled
（用真假嗓音交替唱）
non-stop for ten and a quarter hours.
In
its
latest
appearance,
the
book
has
found
a
new
home
on
the
internet.
No
longer
(27)
_______
(restrict)
to
the
limits
of
physical
paper,
the
Guinness
World
Records
website
contains
seemingly
innumerable facts concerning such
topics as the most powerful
combustion
（燃烧）
engine, or the world's
longest train. What is striking,
however, is that such facts are found sharing a
page with the record of the
heaviest
train to be pulled (28) _______ a beard.
Originating as a simple bar
book, the Guinness Book of Records (29) _______
(evolve) over decades
to provide
insight into the full range of modern life. And
although one may be (30) _______ (likely) now to
learn about the widest human mouth than
the highest number of casualties in a single
battle of the Civil
War,
the
Guinness
World
Records
website
offers
a
telling
glimpse
into
the
future
of
fact-
finding
and
record-
recording.
Section B
Directions:
Fill
in each blank with a proper word chosen from the
box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than
you need.
A. decline
G.
occurrence
B. invested
C. scratching
H.
implementation
D.
harvest
E. farmers
J. adjustments
F.
barely
K. enemies
I. unmarketable
Like many people acting on the desire
to eat healthy and local, Acropolis resident
Eduardo Jimenez
decided to plant a
garden in his backyard. He ploughed the soil, he
planted the seeds, and he even set up a
fence to keep out the deer. Eduardo did
everything right. Or so it seems. However, when
(31) _____ time
has come, he has not
one tomato, bean, or leaf of lettuce to show for
his hard work. How did this happen?
The
answer comes in the form of a small, brown,
particularly smelly insect: the stink bug.
Unlike their picky cousins,
stink bugs feed on some 300 species of plants,
including figs, blueberries,
corn, and
kiwi fruits as well as soybeans, peas, and weeds.
Although they do little damage to the plant
itself,
they make the fruits and
vegetables (32) _______. For this reason, stink
bugs pose the most serious threat
to
the
big
agriculturalists
and
macro
farm
operators.
Macro
farmers
have
more
(33)
_______
in
their
produce, and therefore
have more to lose. While hobbyists like Eduardo
are left to face the disappointment
of
an unsuccessful garden, macro farmers are forced
to live with the loss of entire tracts of cash
crops
—
a
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fact that has left many (34) _______
able to clothe their children or put food on the
table.
Last
season alone, several New Jersey pepper farmers
saw 75% of their crops damaged. Pennsylvania
lost
half
of
its
peach
population,
and,
according
to
the
US
Apple
Association,
apple
farmers
in
the
mid-Atlantic
states
lost
$$37
million.
This
year
could
be
worse.
As
a
result
of
this
(35)
_______
in
the
supply
of
fresh
fruits
and
vegetables,
shoppers
have
seen
(36)
_______
—
sometimes
quite
dramatic
—
in
prices at the grocery store. Prices of
apples in Maryland are up 8%. In the north-
Atlantic states, prices for
peppers
shot up an astonishing 14%. Not only are these
items becoming more expensive, but they are also
getting
harder
to
find.
Last
week,
Marge
Jenkins
of
Athens,
Georgia
reported
having
to
check
three
different
stores
before
encountering
a
decent
batch
of
peas.
And
this,
she
assures
us,
is
a
regular
(37)
_______. Accidentally brought from
Asia, the stink bug has no natural (38) _______ in
America, and thus
its population is
rising sharply. Reported sightings of stink bugs
are becoming increasingly numerous, as
the dried, brown,
trapezoida
l
（
不规则四边形）
shells of the dead bugs are everywhere
in some areas. This
has farmers and
scientists alike (39) _______ their heads in
search of a remedy. Hope, they believe, may lie
with an Asian parasitic
wasp
（黄蜂）
, which
helpfully lays its eggs inside stink bug eggs.
The
larvae
（幼虫）
of the wasp consume the stink bug from
the inside. But the (40) _______ of such
a
solution
is
still
several
years
away,
as
scientists
must
first
determine
if
it
is
safe
for
the
wasp
to
be
introduced
into
America.
Until
then,
some
farmers
are
resorting
to
homemade
traps.
Others
have
even
contemplated
the
use
of
peacocks
and
praying
mantises,
which,
they
imagine,
will
gulp
down
the
little
stinkers.
III.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
For each blank
in the following passage there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in
each blank with the word or phrase that best fits
the context.
Students in
Caldwell, Idaho, can attend class in their
pajamas
（睡衣）
! At
Vallivue Virtual Academy,
courses are
taught online. Students work at home with parents,
who serve as learning coaches. A certified
teacher (41) _____ the students’
progress.
The cyber school
was (42) _____ as a free option for students in
kindergarten through grade 8 who
have
trouble
succeeding
in
the
district’s
(43)
_____
public
school.
Supporters
of
the
program
say
that
virtual
schools
help
students
avoid
the
social
pressures
that
can
(44)
_____
with
learning.
In
addition,
supporters argue,
online courses provide kids with more focused (45)
_____ and course options than they
can
get in a typical school.
Not
everyone
gives
cyber
schools
a
passing
grade,
however.
Some
educators
argue
that
online
learning
makes
it
hard
for
students
to
make
friends.
Many
parents
also
feel
that
cyber
schools
put
(46) _____ time demands on
them because they have to oversee their kids’
daily work.
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Technology can benefit education, but
it shouldn’t (47) _____ education. Students who go
to virtual
schools will miss
many of the benefits of being in a real school.
If kids attend school
online, they will miss out on important social
(48) _____. Payton Mcdonough, 13,
a
seventh grader from Glencoe, Ill., agrees. “I
don’t know how I could sit at a
compu
ter all day without
(49) _____ interacting with
my peers and teachers,” he says.
In addition, virtual schools don’t have
enough structure. Students who take online courses
can set their
own schedules, which will
cause problems for students who have trouble
staying (50) _____.
Furthermore, online
schooling puts stress on parents because they have
to (51) _____ what their kids
do
at
home.
Many
parents
have
full
–time
jobs.
How
are
they
going
to
run
their
children’s
education,
(52) _____ in their jobs,
and take care of their other responsibilities at
home?
Virtual schools will
make it harder for students to learn and will put
too much pressure on parents.
Virtual
learning does not need to replace classroom
learning (53) _____, but it can help students work
at their own pace. If students struggle
with subjects, they can take those courses online
and spend more
time
on
them.
Virtual
schools
can
also
offer
students
much
more
(54)
_____
schedules.
Students
often
handle
extracurricular
activities,
sports,
and
schoolwork,
and
cyber
schools
could
help
them
manage
everything.
Finally,
attending virtual
school can prepare students for college and for
work after (55) _____. “We
need to be
responsible for working on our own,” says Angela
Goscilo, a senior from Pound Ridge, N.Y.
“We need to develop technology skills
that will help us in wha
tever we do.
Getting an early start is a good
idea.”
41.
A. oversees
42.
A. tolerated
43.
A. virtual
44.
A. agree
45.
A. attention
B. suspected
B. launched
B. superior
B. put up
C. admitted
D.
predicted
D. transformed
D. specialized
D. interfere
D. instruction
D. unaffected
D.
make up
D. identification
D. logically
D.
represented
D. tempt
D. excel
D.
purposely
D. optimistic
D. education
C. undergone
C. traditional
C. go
B. definition
B. uncivilized
B. take over
B. education
B.
presently
B. motivated
B. award
B. innovate
C. foundation
C.
unrealistic
C. take in
46.
A. unlimited
47.
A. turn to
48.
A. interactions
49.
A. actually
C. occupation
C. naturally
50.
A. examined
51.
A. compliment
52.
A. negotiate
53.
A. entirely
C. exhausted
C. supervise
C.
control
B. partially
B. flexible
B. study
C. regularly
C. relevant
54.
A. sustainable
55.
A. school
C. graduation
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Section B
Directions:
Read the
following three passages. Each passage is followed
by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are
four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best
according to the
information given in the passage you have just
read.
A
Being
able
to
land
safely
is
a
critically
important
skill
for
all
flying
animals.
Whereas
terrestrial
animals face no particular challenge
when they need to stop running or crawling, flying
animals move at
much higher speeds, and
they must be careful about how they land. Hitting
the ground, or even water, at
full
flight speed would be quite dangerous. Before
touching down, they must decrease their speed in
order
to land safely. Both bats and
birds have mastered the skill of landing, but
these two types of flyers go about
it
quite differently.
In the past it was
believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there
was little difference between bats
and
birds.
This
belief
was
based
only
on
assumption,
however, because
for years nobody had actually studied
in
detail
how
bats
move
their
wings.
In
recent
years,
though,
researchers
have
discovered
a
number
of
interesting facts about bat flight.
Bats are built differently
from birds,
and their wings
incorporate
（
结合）
both their
front and hind
limbs
（后肢）
. This makes their
limbs
working
together
more
difficult
for
bats
and,
as
a
result,
they
are
not
very
good
at
flying
over
longer
distances. However, a
bat can quickly change its direction of flight or
completely reverse it, something a
bird
cannot easily do.
Another
interesting characteristic of bat flight is the
way in which bats
land
—
upside down!
Unlike
birds, which touch down on the
ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed
flying around and then
suddenly
hanging
upside
down
from
an
object
overhead.
How
do
they
do
it?
A
group
of
researchers
recently used
video cameras to film bats landing on nets
suspended from the ceiling of their laboratory and
studied the recordings in slow motion.
They painted spots on the bats’ wings to see in
detail what happens
to the wings in
flight and during touchdown. It turns out that the
bats flew in a straight line up to the net
and then quickly flipped over and
attached themselves to it upside down. One
disadvantage to this landing
routine
is
that
the
bats
often
slam
into
their
landing
spot
with
some
force,
which
probably
causes
pain.
However, not all bats
hit their landing spots with the same speed and
force; these will vary depending on
the
area where a bat species makes its home. For
example, a cave bat, which regularly rests on a
hard stone
ceiling,
is
more
careful
about
its
landing
preparation
than
a
bat
more
accustomed
to
landing
in
leafy
treetops.
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56.
In line 1,
the word
terrestrial
is
closest in meaning to _______.
A. high-
flying
B. fast-
moving
C. tree-climbing
D. ground-living
57.
According to
the passage, what skill is crucial for flying
animals?
A. Diving underwater.
B. Slowing down to land.
C.
Flying over great distances.
D.
Balancing on high branches.
58.
According to
the passage, what is an advantage that bats have
over birds?
A. Bats can land on a
greater variety of surfaces.
B. Bats
can turn in the air more quickly.
C.
Bats can eat while flying.
D. Bats are
lighter.
59.
What
is the main topic of the passage?
A.
Places where flying animals choose to land.
B. Why scientists have difficulty
observing bats.
C. Differences in the
eating habits of bats and birds.
D.
Ways in which bats move differently from birds.
B
Milton
Hershey
was
born
near
the
small
village
of
Derry
Church,
Pennsylvania,
in
1857.
He
only
attended school through
the fourth grade; at that point, he was
apprenticed
（做学徒）
to a printer in a
nearby
town. After a while, he left the printing business
and was apprenticed to a Lancaster, Pennsylvania
candy maker. And at the age of
eighteen, he opened his own candy store in
Philadelphia. In spite of his
talents
as a candy maker, the shop failed after six years.
After
the
failure
of
his
Philadelphia
store,
Milton
headed
for
Denver,
where
he
learned
the
art
of
making
caramels
（焦糖）
.
Then in Denver, Milton once again attempted to
open his own candy-making
businesses,
in
Chicago,
New
Orleans,
and
New
York
City.
Finally,
in
1886,
he
went
to
Lancaster,
Pennsylvania,
where he raised the money necessary to try again.
This company
—
the Lancaster
Caramel
Company
—established
Milton’s reputation
as a master candy
maker.
In
1893,
Milton
attended
the
Chicago
International
Exposition,
where
he
saw
a
display
of
German
chocolate-making
implements.
Fascinated
by
the
equipment,
he
purchased
it
for
his
Lancaster
candy
factory
and
began
producing
chocolate,
which
he
used
for
coating
his
caramels.
By
the
next
year,
production
had
grown
to
include
cocoa,
sweet
chocolate,
and
baking
chocolate.
The
Hershey
Chocolate
company was born
in 1894 as a
subsidiary
（子公司）
of the Lancaster Caramel Company. Six
years later,
Milton
sold
the
caramel
company,
but
reserved
the
rights,
and
the
equipment,
to
make
chocolate.
He
believed that a large
market of chocolate consumers was waiting for
someone to produce reasonably priced
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candy. He was right.
Milton
Hershey
returned
to
the
village
where
he
had
been
born,
in
the
heart
of
dairy
country,
and
opened his chocolate
manufacturing plant. With access to all the fresh
milk he needed, he began producing
the
finest milk chocolate. The plant that opened in a
small Pennsylvania village in 1905 is today the
largest
chocolate factory in the world.
The sweets created at this facility are favorites
around the world.
The area where the
factory is located is now known as Hershey,
Pennsylvania. Within the first decades
of its existence, the town of Hershey
thrived, as did the chocolate business. A bank, a
school, churches, a
department store,
even a park and a trolley system all appeared in
short order; the town soon even had a zoo.
Today,
a
visit
to
the
area
reveals
the
Hershey
Medical
Center,
Milton
Hershey
School,
and
Hershey’s
Chocolate World
—
a
theme park where visitors are greeted by a giant
Reeses Peanut Butter Cup. All of
these
things
—
and
a
huge
number
of
happy
chocolate
lovers
—
were
made
possible
because
a
caramel
maker visited the Chicago Exposition of
1893!
60.
The mention of the 1893 Exposition
indicates that _______
A.
the exposition in Chicago is held once every three
years.
B.
the
theme of the exposition of 1893 was “Food from
Around
the
World.”
C. the
exposition contained displays from a variety of
countries.
D. the site of
the exposition is now a branch of the Hershey
Chocolate Company.
61.
According to
the passage, Milton Hershey sold his caramel
company in _______
A. 1894.
B. 1900.
C. 1904.
D. 1905.
62.
What can you
infer from the passage?
A. Chocolate is
popular in every country in the world.
B. Reeses Peanut Butter Cups are
manufactured by the Hershey Chocolate Company.
C. Chocolate had never been
manufactured in the United States before Milton
Hershey did it.
D. The
Hershey Chocolate Company now makes more money
from Hershey
’s Chocolate World than
from the manufacture and sale of
chocolate.
63.
The author wrote this passage mainly to
_______
A. recount the founding of the
Hershey Chocolate Company.
B. describe the process of
manufacturing chocolate.
C.
compare the popularity of chocolate to other
candies.
D.
explain how apprenticeships work.
C
Like their ancient toga-
wearing counterparts, modern philosophers continue
to disagree on the nature
of freewill.
Do we really have any control over the choices we
make and the things we desire, and if so, to
what degree?
Theories of
freewill vary, but the ancient words of Plato
still line up with our modern
perceptio
ns
（概
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念）
of temptation
and willpower. The respected Greek philosopher
argued that the human experience is
one
of
constant
struggle
between
the
intellect
and
the body,
between
rationality
and
desire. Along
these
lines,
true
freedom
is
only
achievable
when
willpower
unchains
us
from
bodily,
emotional,
instinctual
slavery.
You can find
similar thoughts throughout world religions, most
of which offer a particular and often
difficult path to rise above our darker
natures.
And
science? Well,
science
mostly
agrees
with
all
of
this.
Willpower
is
all
about overcoming
your
natural desires to eat cupcakes, skip
your morning workout, play games on mobile phone,
hit the snooze
alarm and check your
e-mail during a funeral.
Your
willpower, however, is limited. If life were a
video game, you'd see a glowing
ego
（自我）
meter at the top of the screen next to
your
and
the
meter
drains
a
little.
The
next
temptation
drains
the
meter
even
more,
until
there's
nothing left at all.
Our modern scientific understanding of
willpower in large part stems from a 1996 research
experiment
involving chocolate and
radishes
（小红萝卜）
.
Psychologist Roy Baumeister led a study in which
67 test
subjects were presented with
tempting chocolate chip cookies and other
chocolate-flavored treats before a
persistence-testing
puzzle.
Here's
the
catch:
The
researchers
asked
some
of
the
participants
to
withdraw
from
sweets and snack on radishes instead.
Baumeister's results told a fascinating
story. The test subjects who resisted the sweet
stuff in favor of
radishes
performed
poorly
on
the
persistence
test.
They
simply
didn't
have
the
willpower
left
to
resist
slacking
off
（松懈）
.
The
research
inspired
more
than
a
thousand
additional
studies
discussing
everything
from
the
influence of positive
messages to the ego-sapping power of daily
decisions
Studies
also
show
that
cognitive
capacity
also
affects
our
ability
to
hold
out
against
temptation.
Cognitive
capacity is essentially your working memory, which
you employ when resisting a temptation ...
or holding a string of numbers in your
head. A 1999 study from the University of Iowa
professor Baba Shiv
found that people
tasked with remembering a two-digit number held
out better than people remembering a
seven-digit number when tempted with
chocolate cake.
64.
What do
you understand by
‘freewill’?
A. The control
we have over the choices.
B. The choices we make and the things
we desire
C. The choices that
philosophers force us to make
D. Our
perception of temptation.
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