贵州省委党校2016年在职研究生英语复习资料(完整版)

个问题。然后发生了一个想法，用

他用电的鱼碗，导致鱼完全静止。

然后他迅速减少了电量，让鱼游了。

因此他得到了导演想要的幽默效< /p>

果。

From

childrood

to

old

age,

we

从童年到老年，我们都用语言来扩大

all

use

language

as

a

mesa

of

broadening

our

knowledge

of

我们对自己和世界的认识，当人类第一次

ourselves

and

the

world

about

us.

When

humans

first

evolved

，

they

进化时，他们就像新生的孩子一样，无法

were like newborn children, unable to

use

this

valuable

tool.

Yet

once

使用这个有价值的工具，

但一旦语言发展，

language

developed,

the

possibilities

for

human

kind

’

s

future

attainments

人类的可能性是什么？未来的成就和文化

and cultural growth increased.

Many

linguists

believe

that

的增长增加。

evolution

is

available

for

our

ability

许多语言学家认为，进化是负责我们

to

produce

and

use

language.

They

claim

that

our

highly

evolved

brain

的生产和使用语言的能力，他们声称，我

provides

us

with

an

innate

language

ability

not

found

in

organisms.

们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了一种与生

Supporters

of

this

innateness

theory

say that our

potential

for language is

俱来的语言能力，而不是发现在较低的生

inborn,

but

that

language

inself

develops

gradually,

as

a

function

of

物。这种天赋理论的支持者认为，我们对

the

growth

of

the

brain

during

语言的能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也

childbood. Therefore there are critical

psychological

times

for

language

在逐渐发展，作为一个童年时期大脑发育< /p>

development.

Current

reviews

of

innateness

的功能。

因此 ，

语言发展的关键生物时代。

theory

are

mixed;

however,

evidence

supporting

the

existence

of

目前的天赋理论的评价褒贬不一，但

someinnate

abilities

is

undeniable.

Indeed,

more

and

more

schools

are

是支持某些天生能力的证据是不可否认

discovering that foreign languages are

best

taught

in

the

lower

grades.

的。事实上，越来越多的学校发现外语是

Young children often can learn several

languages

by

being

to

them,

最好的，在低年级的孩子们经常能接触到

while adults have a much harder time

learning

another

language

once

the

他们的语言，而成年人有一个更难的时间

rules

of

their

first

language

have

学习另一种语言的规则，他们的第一语言

become firmly fixed.

Although

Some

aspects

of

已经成为坚定的。

language

are

undeniably

innate,

language

does

not

develop

虽然语言的某些方面是天生的，语言

automaticall y

in

a

vacuum.

Children

who

have

been

isolated

from

other

并不是在真空中自动发展。谁被其他人孤

beings

do

not

possess

language.

This

demonstrates

that

interaction

with

立的儿童不具有语言。这表明，与其他人

other

human

beings

is

necessary

for

proper

language.

Some

linguists

有适当的语言发展。一些语言学家认为这

believe that this is even more basic to

是比任何天生的能力人类语言习得更为基

human language

acquisition

than any

innate capacities. These theorists view

本。这些理论家认为语言的模仿、学习行

language

as

imitative,

learned

behavior.

In

other

words

,

children

为。换句话说，儿童学习语言从通过模仿

learn

language

from

their

parents

by

imitating

them.

Parents

gradually

父母。父母逐渐塑造自己的孩子的语言能

shape

their

child

’

s

language

skills

by

positively

reinforcing

precise

力通过积极加强精确模仿和改正不正确

imitations

and

negatively

reinforcing

的。

imprecise ones.

3

Mars is not, it appears, the dry old

planet

we

once

belived

it

to

be,

Astronauts

who

are

expected

to

go there in the nexe decade may find

plenty to water to slake their thirse.

And

with

water

present

the

chances

of

finding

some

sort

of

life

on Mars are much brighter. This is the

view of 40 geologises who have been

analyzing

thousand

of

pictures

and

other

scientific

information

obtained

by

robot

explorers

in

the

sixties

and

seventies.

To

begin

with

scientists

thought

the

Red

Planet

was

a

lifeless

as

the

Moon

with dust

storms

swirling

over

vast

sandy

deserts

.

But

now

the

picture

is

very

different

with

mountains

and

valleys

carved

by

mighty

glaciers

and

torrential

rivers

rushing

and

rumbling

deep

underground.

In

a

report

on

the

analysis

of

the

Martian

pictures

Dr

Micheal

Car

of

the

U.S.

Geological

Survey

comments

：

“

I

am

convinced

there

’

re lots of water on Mars

”

Any

surface

water

will

be

in

the

form

of

ice.

But

it

could

save

explorers

having

to

take

so

much

water

with

them.

The

report

says

that

Mars

probably

had

a

warmer

climate

in

ages

past

due to its axis having been

more steeply tilted towards the Sun.

No

Convincing

signs

of

plant

or

animal

life

have

been

detected

by

instruments

soft

landed

on

Mars,

although

only the immediate vicinity

of

landing

vehicles

could

be

examined.

4

火星 是没有的，它的出现，干老星球

的我们曾经相信的那样，宇航员将在下一

年去那里可以找到足够的水来满足他们太

渴了难以忍受。

有了水，火星上找到某种生活的机会

更为明亮。这是看

40 geologises

曾对千幅

照片 和其他科学信息的机器人探测器在

60

年代和

< br>70

年代了。

开始与科学家认 为，红色的行星是一

个没有生命的月亮与沙尘暴在广阔的沙漠

沙 漠。但现在的图片是非常不同的山脉和

山谷冰川雕刻的强大和奔流的江河奔腾着

隆隆的地下深处。在对火星图片

Micheal

车博士美国地质调查局的评论分析报告：

“

我确信这是火星上的 任何表面的水会以

冰的形式大量的水。但它可以拯救探险家

们必 须带这么多的水与他们。

报告说，火星可能有一个较温暖的气

候在过去由于其轴线更陡倾斜向太阳。

没有令人信服的迹象，植物或动物的

生命已经被检测仪器软着陆在火星上，虽

然只有附近的着陆车辆可以检查。

完形填空

填句子

Aging

is

the

process

of

growing

occurs

eventually

in

every

living

thing

provided,of course,that an illness or accident

does

not

kill

it

most

familiar outward signs of aging may be seen

in

old

people,such

as

the

garay

ing

of

the

hair and the wringkling of the of

aging

in

a

pet

dog

or

cat

include

loss

of

energy ,a decline in hearing and eyesight,or

even a slight

graying of the age

too,but the signs are much harder to detect.

Most

body

parts

grow

bigger

and

stronger,

and

function

more

efficiently

during

reach

theri

peak

at

the

time

of

maturity,

or

early

that

,they

begin

to

decline.

Bones,for example,gradually become lighter

and

more

the

aged,the

joints

between

the

bones

also

become

tigid

and

more inflexible. This can make moving very

painful.

All the major organs of the body show

signs

of

brain,for

example,works

less

efficiently,and

even

gets

smaller

in

ng process of all sorts are slowed

people

often

have

trouble

in

remembering

the

recent

of

the

most

serious

changes

of

old

age

occurs

in

the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from

the

become

thickened

and

constricted,allowing

less

blood

to

flow

to

the

rest

of

the

condition

caccounts,directly

or

indirectly,for

many

of

the

diseases

of

the

may

,for

example,result in heart attack.

Aging

is

not

a

uniform

ent parts of the body wear out

at different are great differences

among people in their rate of the

cells

of

the

body

differ

in

the

way

they

majority

of

cells

are

capable

of

reproducing

themselves

many

times

during

the

course

of

a

lifetime.

Nerve

cells

and

5

muscle

fibers

can

never

be

replaced

once

they wear out.

Gerontologists

-

scientists

who

study

the process of aging -believe the wearing out

of

the

body

is

controlled

by

a

build-in

biological

are

trying

to

discover

how

this

clock

works

so

that

they

can

slow

down

the

could

give

man a longer life and more productive years.

衰老是逐 渐变老的过程。它最终发生

在生活的每一件事，当然，没有因疾病或

事故过早地杀死它。老年化最常见的外部

症状可见于老年人，如头发的加雷和皮肤< /p>

的

wringkling

在宠物。狗或猫 的老化迹象

包括损失的能量，在听力和视力下降，甚

至轻微

graying

外套。植物的年龄太大，

但 迹象很难检测。

大多数部位变得更强大和更有效地运