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Weather surrounds us all the time. We
need to choose
which clothes I need to
wear depend on the weather.
Earth
’
s
mild
climate even ensures that we can grow food and
enjoy a
happy life. In a word, weather
influences our life deeply.
Climate change
means a big change in
the world’s climate
and describes the
process by which the overcall climate
moves from one average to a new
average. The climate has
changed a lot.
20,000 years ago was the last Ice Age.
Nowadays, the climate of earth is
changing because of us.
The effects
of climate change also are happening to the
world’s rain. A lot of areas often
happened long droughts,
big floods,
strong winds and storms. Many people were
killed and lost their family. The
extreme weather is
happening more often
than before because of climate change.
For example, the average temperature
has risen 1.2 degrees
in January from
2010 to 2013 and the highest temperature
even get to 45.7 degrees in Adelaide.
Climate data for Adelaide (Kent Town,
1977
–
2013)
Month
Record high °
C
(°
F)
Average high
°
C (°
F)
Average
low °
C (°
F)
Record low °
C
(°
F)
Rainfall mm (inches)
Avg. rainy days
(≥ 0.2
mm)
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
Jan
45.7
Feb
44.3
Mar
41.9
Apr
36.9
(98.4)
22.7
(72.9)
12.4
(54.3)
4.3
(39.7)
39.6
May
29.2
(84.6)
18.9
(66)
10.2
(50.4)
1.5
(34.7)
59.9
Jun
25.4
(77.7)
16.1
(61)
8.1
(46.6)
?0.4
(31.3)
79.3
Jul
23.1
(73.6)
15.3
(59.5)
7.5
(45.5)
0.4
(32.7)
75.9
Aug
30.4
(86.7)
16.6
(61.9)
8.2
(46.8)
1.6
(34.9)
69.2
Sep
34.3
(93.7)
19.0
(66.2)
9.7
(49.5)
2.6
(36.7)
58.7
Oct
39.0
Nov
43.0
Dec
42.5
Year
45.7
(114.3)
22.3
(72.1)
12.2
(54)
?0.4
(31.3)
544.9
(114.3)
(111.7)
(107.4)
29.3
(84.7)
17.1
(62.8)
9.2
(48.6)
19.0
29.4
(84.9)
17.2
(63)
9.5
(49.1)
13.5
26.4
(79.5)
15.3
(59.5)
7.2
(45)
27.2
(102.2)
(109.4)
(108.5)
21.8
(71.2)
11.5
(52.7)
4.7
(40.5)
42.8
25.2
(77.4)
14.1
(57.4)
5.3
(41.5)
30.2
27.0
(80.6)
15.6
(60.1)
8.0
(46.4)
28.6
(0.748)
(0.531)
(1.071)
(1.559)
(2.358)
(3.122)
(2.988)
(2.724)
(2.311)
(1.685)
(1.189)
(1.126)
(21.453)
4.4
325.5
3.6
285.3
5.8
266.6
8.0
219.0
12.1
167.4
14.9
138.0
16.3
148.8
16.6
186.0
13.4
204.0
10.2
257.3
8.2
273.0
7.0
294.5
120.5
2,765.4
Source: Bureau of Meteorology
[1]
Climate data for Adelaide Airport
(1981-2010)
Month
Record
high °
C (°
F)
Average high °
C
(°
F)
Average low
°
C (°
F)
Record
low °
C (°
F)
Rainfall mm (inches)
Avg.
rainy days
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
Jan
44.0
Feb
43.6
Mar
40.8
Apr
36.9
(98.4)
22.2
(72)
11.8
(53.2)
3.2
(37.8)
31.1
May
28.6
(83.5)
18.7
(65.7)
9.8
(49.6)
1.2
(34.2)
48.3
Jun
26.1
(79)
15.8
(60.4)
7.8
(46)
?2.6
(27.3)
60.9
Jul
22.3
(72.1)
14.9
(58.8)
7.1
(44.8)
?1.0
(30.2)
58.3
Aug
29.9
(85.8)
16.0
(60.8)
7.7
(45.9)
?0.2
(31.6)
52.7
Sep
33.4
(92.1)
18.3
(64.9)
9.1
(48.4)
1.7
(35.1)
47.3
Oct
38.0
Nov
43.1
Dec
42.4
Year
44.0
(111.2)
(110.5)
(105.4)
28.1
(82.6)
16.3
(61.3)
8.9
(48)
16.9
28.4
(83.1)
16.4
(61.5)
9.0
(48.2)
13.1
25.6
(78.1)
14.6
(58.3)
5.6
(42.1)
23.2
(100.4)
(109.6)
(108.3)
(111.2)
21.1
(70)
10.8
(51.4)
3.1
(37.6)
36.5
24.2
(75.6)
13.3
(55.9)
4.7
(40.5)
23.6
25.9
(78.6)
14.9
(58.8)
7.3
(45.1)
25.5
21.6
(70.9)
11.6
(52.9)
?2.6
(27.3)
437.4
(0.665)
(0.516)
(0.913)
(1.224)
(1.902)
(2.398)
(2.295)
(2.075)
(1.862)
(1.437)
(0.929)
(1.004)
(17.22)
2.8
325.5
2.1
280
3.4
269.7
5.2
219
8.1
173.6
10.7
141
10.6
155
11.1
192.2
8.1
213
6.1
260.4
4.1
279
3.7
288.3
76.0
2,796.7
In
recent years, scientists have noticed that
earth
’
s average
temperature has been rising. The
phenomenon is referred to
as global
warming. Global warming is created by complex
changes in the atmosphere, which are
caused by increases in
greenhouse
gases. Greenhouse gases are special gases in the
atmosphere, which have kept the
earth
’
s temperature
constant for the past 5000 years. The
common greenhouse
gases are carbon
dioxide. Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in
the atmosphere, but humans also
generate them. When we
burn fossil
fuels such as coal, gas and petroleum. More fuel
is
burned , the more carbon dioxide is
produced and
discharged it in the
atmosphere. More and more greenhouse
gases become part of the atmosphere,
more heat is trapped
and the earth’s
overall temperature rises.
Climate change is a global problem.
All the world
governments need to work
together to find answers to the
problem. In 1992,a lot of countries
agreed to work together
in order to
solve those problems. They made a group, the UN
Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC). Their
task is making a plan
for against climate change. In 1997,the
UNFCCC made its plan.
The
plan was “each country has a
limit to
its greenhouse gases and they shouldn’t put more
g
reenhouse gases into the
atmosphere than its limit”. In that
case, some counties have to use
environmentally
friendly/sustainable/renewable energy
instead of burning
oil or fuel.
Scientists have been
developing ways of generating
electricity that produce less carbon
dioxide. However, some
of these have
disadvantages and limitations.
Wind power creates no greenhouse gases
or air pollution
Modern turbines don’t
have
noise pollution.
Wind
energy is renewable energy
The cost of wind energy is
expensive
Wind energy has a lot of
limited factors for example if the
wind
is not blowing, wind turbine
can
’
t work
Nuclear power can produce huge amounts
of electricity.
Running a nuclear power
plant is relatively cheap.
Nuclear
power does not produce greenhouse gas emissions.
Nevertheless, the risks of
nuclear power are too great. For
example, the Fukushima Nuclear Power
Plant in Japan was
destroyed because of
an earthquake. High levels of nuclear
radiation spread throughout the area.
The Chernobyl
accident in Russia
resulted in everyone abandoning this area
until recently.
The cost of
building a nuclear power plant is very expensive
and they have to be replaced every 60
years. Uranium
cannot be found
everywhere and it is a limited resource.
Australia has the largest deposits of
uranium in the world.
Every
country has their own ideas and plans, so they may
not be able to collaborate
successfully. The Kyoto Protocol
did
not start until2005 because the United States, one
of the
biggest producers of carbon
dioxide, has not yet agreed to
the
protocol. The United States is afraid of losing
huge
amounts of money and even happen
economic recession, if
they reduce
discharge carbon dioxide. Another problem is
that the developed countries should
provide new technology
and funding to
developing countries to help them reduce
carbon dioxide emissions. However, some
developed
countries do not want to
help. On the contrary, developed
countries limit the use of energy for
developing countries.
This is not fair
for some developing countries who want to
create a better life for their people
which means using more
energy.
During the
summer holiday, I read a book about climate
change:
Climate
Change
by Barnaby Newbolt. It was easy
to
read and it helped me to understand
the problems
associated with climate
change. The concept of climate
change
and social tensions I researched from this book.
Although the information is not very
detailed, it is valid and
objective. I
have also borrowed two other books:
Climate
Change
by
Angela Crocombe and
World at Risk:
Climate
Change
by Andrew
Solway. I found some reliable
information and many visuals. Although
I summarized that
information, the
number of words is still over 600 words. I
think climate change is a complex
concept that includes a lot
of areas
such as environment, atmosphere, chemistry and
politics. Too many words will lead to
my oral presentation
becoming boring.
In that case, I will find some visuals on the
Internet and in the book. These visuals
include line graphs
and statistical
graphs. I think they can describe the topic
clearly and they are easy to
understand.
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