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Translation Methods (Continue)
Domesticating Translation and
Foreignizing Translation
Warming-up Exercises
1. All
roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马
foreignization
殊途同归
domestication
2. To kill two
birds with one stone.
一石二鸟
一箭双雕
3.
《梁山伯与祝英台》
The Story of
Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai
The Story of
Chinese Romeo and Juliet
Discussion
What
’
s
your
understanding
of
domesticating
translation
and
foreignizing
translation?
Domesticating Translation &
Foreignizing Translation
1. The
Origin
①
Dictionary
of
Translation
Studies
(
翻译研究词典
)
Published
in
UK
in
1997
regards
that
the
idea
of
foreignizing
and
domesticating
translation
comes
from
Schleiermacher(
< br>斯莱尔马赫
).
②
In June,
24
th
of 1813, Schleiermacher
gave a speech in Berlin Royal
Academy
（柏林皇家科学院）
,
in
his
speech,
he
said
there
were
only
two
methods
for
translation,
“
the
translator can either leave the writer in peace as
much as possible and
bring the reader
to him, or he can leave the reader in peace as
much as possible and
bring
th
e writer to him.”
(
< br>翻译只有两种方法，
不是译者不打扰读者，
尽可能让读者
靠拢作者，就是译者尽量不打扰作者，让作者靠拢读者。
)
Based on
Schleiermacher
?
s ideas, in
1995, the Italian American Lawrence Venuti
gave the terms of
?
foreignizing
translation
?
and
?
domesticating
translation
?
in his book
The Translator
’
s
Invisibility
. He is the one who first
give the terms of
?
foreignizing
translation
?
and
?
domesticating
translation
?
.
2. Definition of
Domesticating Translation
It
is also called
domestication,
or
assimilation
.
It is the translation
strategy in which transparent, fluent style is
adopted in order
to minimize the
strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers.
In
domesticating
translation,
the
translator
is
asked
to
come
towards
the
target
language readers, and
apply to the expressions that they are accustomed
to and like, to
1
express the original contents.
E.g.
(1)
谋事在人，成事在天。
（
《三国演义》
）
Man
proposes, Heaven disposes. (Yang Xianyi)
(
异化
)
Man
proposes, God disposes. (Hawkes)
（归化）
“天”在中国古代哲学中占据着至高无上的地位。皇帝自称“
天子”
；稳固统
治须“顺天应民”
；造
反者号称要“替天行道”
。
“天”似乎是一切规律、法则的
总称。
这样虚无缥缈不可捉摸的概念，如何让外国读者理解呢？
西方也有类似的哲学思想，即“上帝”
，因此，
Hawkes
译为
God.
(2)
胆小如鼠
as timid
as a hare
在西方文化中，兔子是胆小的象征，而
在我国，兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人
们常说：
“静若处子，动若
脱兔。
”鼠在我国才是胆小的象征，所以翻译时直接加
以归化。
3. Definition
of Foreignizing Translation
异化
It
is
also
called
foreignization
,
or
dissimilation
method
,
or
alienation
,
or
minoritizing translation.
It is a term used to designate the type
of translation in which a TT is produced
which deliberately breaks target
conventions or retaining something of the
foreignness
of the original.
In
foreignizing
translation,
a
translator
is
required
to
approach
the
author,
and
employ the expressions the author uses,
to convey the original content.
异化法：
是对文化价值观的一种民族偏离主义的压力，
接受外语文本的语言
及文化差异，
把读者带入外国情景。
异化法要求译者向作者靠拢，
采取相应于作
者使用的原语表达方式，来传达原文的内容。
4.
Domestication,
Foreignization & Free, Literal
Translation
You
may
find
there
are
some
common
points
between
domestication
&
foreignization and free & literal
translation.
In
fact,
domesticating
translation
and
foreignizing
translation
evolve
from
free
and literal translation, but they are
different from free and literal translation.
它们是直译和意译的概念延伸，
但却
不等同于，
他们的概念已经远远超出了
直译和意译。
The
focus
of
literal
and
free
translation
is
how
to
deal
with
the
form
and
meaning
in
the
linguistic
structural
forms
of
the
original,
but
the
contribution
of
domestication
and
foreignization
breakthrough
the
restriction
of
language
and
consider such aspect as
language, culture and aesthetics
.
（
直译和意译所关注的是如
何在语言层面处理形式
和意义，
而异化和归化则突破了语言因素的局限，
将视野扩展到
语言、
文化、美学等因素）
5.
主张归化的翻译家：严复、林纾
、朱生豪、张谷芳、傅东华、杨必
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