-
中图分类号：
学校代码：
1877
UDC
：
密级：
公开
中国地质大学江城学院
学
期
论
文
解释学翻译下的理论研究
The
Theoretical Study to Hermeneutics
论文作者
姜婷
指导教师
王伟老师
学科专业
英语专业
研究方向
翻译理论与实践
班级名称
翻译
1
班
学生学号
4120090114
中国地质大学江城学院
二○一一年十一
中国地质大学江城学院西方翻译理论学期论文
导读
解释学
（
Hermeneutics
）
的名字来源于希腊神话中的信使赫尔墨斯
（
< br>Hermes
）
，
他主要的任务
就是，
把神旨传递并翻译给人间，
在传递和翻译间有必要做一些
解
释的工作。解释学在西方有着悠久的历史，代表人物有施莱尔马赫，海德格尔，
加尔默尔，斯坦纳等人。在
19
世纪，施莱尔
马赫提出了“普遍解释学”的构想，
使理解和解释主体化，海德格尔认为理解，有所谓的
“前结构”主观的，且理解
本身具有历史性，
取决于观者先前的
理解，
因此理解要以
“前理解”
和
“前结构”
为前提。
20
< br>世纪以后，基于海德格尔思想的基础，伽达默尔在《真理与方法》
(Truth and Methods)
中提出“理解的历史
性”
，
“视界融合”和“效果历史”三
大哲学阐释学原则。以海德格尔的释义思想为基础，斯坦纳把哲学、语言学、诗
学、
文学批评和文化史学的理论应用于对语言的解释，
阐述的重点落在翻
译这个
中心问题上。
从阐释学角度来看，
斯坦纳最为引人注目之处是提出了
“理解也是
翻译的观点”<
/p>
，他认为，无论语内翻译，语际翻译或符号学翻译都是不同形式的
翻译，
作为人类最基本的交流活动，
它的最大特点在于理解。<
/p>
可以看出解释学在
发展过程中逐渐由最初的理论变得体制化，
虽然每种翻译思想都存在自己的局限
性，但不可否认它们极大的推动
了解释学的发展。关于解释学的研究仍在继续，
以期将其完善。
本文总共分为四个部分，首先介绍了解释学的定义及开端，从
中我们可以
了解到解释学的由来和它早期的发展，
其次对施莱尔
马赫，
海德格尔，
加尔默尔，
斯坦纳四
个人各自的翻译理论分别作了详细的介绍，
从中我们能很明显的看到他
< br>们各自理论的特色，
并能在脑海中形成鲜明的对比，
并能
很清晰的看到解释学理
论的被发展，
再次提到了解释学理解观与
翻译研究，
从中可以意识到在翻译中理
解的重要性，
2
中国地质大学江城学院西方翻译理论学期论文
Content
1. Introduction
.
...............................
..................................................
...........
4
relevant view of Hermetical theory
..................................................
5
2.1The
translational ideas of Schleiermacher ............
..................................................
.............
5
2.2 The translational ideas of ger ....
..................................................
........................
5
2.3The translational ideas of Hans-
Georg Gadamer ....................................
.............................
6
2.3.1 The
understanding of the historic
.
< br>............................................... .............................
6
2.3.2 Fusion of
horizons
.
..................
..................................................
...............................
6
2.3.3 Effect of
history
.
...................
..................................................
..................................
7
2.4 George
Steiner?s translation model of
hermeneutics
.
...
..................................................
.....
7
concept
of hermeneutic and translation research
.............................
9
sion ..........
..................................................
.................................
1
0
Reference .............................
..................................................
...................
1
0
3
中国地质大学江城学院西方翻译理论学期论文
1.
Introduction
Hermeneutics is also known
as interpretation of aesthetics,
and it is developed
on basis
of the phenomenology and existentialism developed
on the basis , the basic
characteristics of modern hermeneutics
is objectivism. Hermeneutics is a philosophy
of
interpretation
and
understanding
of
technical
text,
it
may
be
described
as
an
interpretation
of
the
theory
and
to
understand
the
text
according
to
the
text
itself,
emphasizing the true objectively grasp
the intention the text and the author.
Hermeneutics
is
a
subject
about
understanding,
interpretation
and
other
methodology of the
discipline
，
It is the first
text to explore the meaning of words or
works,
in
particular,
to
establish
words'
meaning.
Generally
considered
herme--neutic
can
be
traced
back
to
ancient
Greece
from
the
etymology
of
the
literature, which is mainly used during
the hermeneutics logic surgery and forensics,
as well as some religious and literary
classic interpretation of the text it is designed
to
eliminate
ambiguity
and
misconception.
In
Middle
Ages
hermeneutics
became
a
branch of
of
the
hermeneutics
no
longer
stickled
to
religious
classics,
but
extended
to
the
interpretation of the
whole classical culture .
Hermeneutics
has
experienced
two
major
breakthroughs
for
the
first
time
in
18-19th centuries, German
religious philosopher F. Schleiermacher based on
different
areas of the ideas of
hermeneutics .Through the interpretation of the
syntax and of the
psychological
made
the
classic
hermeneutics
systematic,
and
made
it
become
a
general
hermeneutics
with
methodological
characteristics .
And
life
philosopher
W.
Dilthey
started
from
the
Critique
program
to
expand
the
scope
of
the
study
of
the
hermeneutics
,and
make
a
tight
system
of
natural
science.
The
second
breakthrough occurred
in the 20th century, two German philosophy, Martin
Heidegger
and Hans-Georg Gadamer
realized the transform from epistemology to
ontology, the
establishment
of
the
interpretation
learning
as
a
core
philosophy
to
understand
the
independence of the Hermeneutics
and push it into the
prosperous. To the late 1960s,
hermeneutics mainly related to the
understanding , the meaning and the relationship
4
中国地质大学江城学院西方翻译理论学期论文
between the reader and
the
text and other issues. British translation
theorist
George
Steiner was
the first one to use the theory into translation
studies in his book
Babel: Aspects of
Translation and Language
between
translation and interpretation .
relevant view of Hermetical theory
2.1The translational ideas of
Schleiermacher
In explaining the
process of understanding Schleiermacher said,
not be understood as a relationship of
language, then it will not be understood as the
spirit of the fact because of the
inherent spirit
the
syntax.
He
presented
his
view
of
translation
in
the
book
the
translation
method,
try not disturb the
tranquility of the original author , so readers
can get close to the
author
(alienation) Second, try not to disturb the
tranquility of the reader, so close the
reader to the author
（
accommodation
）
He
divided the translation into translation and
interpretation:
translators
are
mainly
engaged
in
the
field
of
science
and
art
of
translation;
interpreters
are
mainly
on
the
translation
of
it
was
divided into the real
translation and machine translation: real
translation mainly refers
to
the
natural
sciences,
literature
and
translation;
machine
translation
refers
to
the
practical
translation .These
arguments
undoubtedly
left
a
lot
of
space
for
the
later
generation to continue the study, and
greatly enriched the idea of translation theory.
from both the depth side and breadth
side.
2.2 The translational ideas
of ger
Heidegger
thought
that
the
task
of
philosophy
is
to
show
how
the
theme
is
to
build reasonably to aware the certainty
of the specification, which determine whether
a given representation is true or
false. From this position, he continued, the truth
is not
long offered only by means of
natural science concepts. However, such a model,
often
forget
the
most
fundamental,
the
world's
top
science
we
are.
This
is
Heidegger'
s
interpretation
of
the
field.
Therefore,
philosophical
hermeneutics
is
no
longer
a
possibility
of
one
of
the
few.
On
the
contrary,
hermeneutics
hermeneutics
of
authenticity,
as
Heidegger
said,
it
is
philosophy,
and
it
is
in
the
first
place.
This
reflects Heidegger' s understanding,
interpretation, and asserted, such as definitions
of
terms. Understanding, in Heidegger'
s account, which is neither a method of reading,
nor is the will and well-conducted
process of critical reflection of the results.
This is
not what we consciously do or
not do something, but our stuff. Understanding is
that
existing models, so it is a human
occupied the world in which the
first
way
is
itself
a
reflection
of
the
nature
of
hermeneutics.
We
understand
the
premise
of
the
world,
reveals
the
way,
we
do
not
have
theoretical
considerations,
a
5
中国地质大学江城学院西方翻译理论学期论文
practical know-how, we are in the East.
We opened the door, there is no objective or
concept to determine the nature of a
door handle or door frame. The world is a basic,
intuitive way we familiar with. Most of
the first, Heidegger believes that we do not
understand a collection of neutral
facts makes it possible to achieve universal
ideas,
laws
or
decisions,
large
or
small
extent,
corresponding
to
the
world,
because
it
is
through the collection of the world.
The world is tacitly understood.
2.3The
translational id
eas of Hans-Georg
Gadamer
As
the
translation
is
the
interpretation
and
understanding
to
the
original
text,
highly
subjective
interpretation
of
the
translation
process
research
must
locate
the
translator, and gives the translator
the initiative to the understanding and
interpretation
of the text.
After the 20th
century,
based on Heidegger?s idea, Gadamer
referred t
o
three
philosophy
principles:
in
and
Methods
of
the
historic
of
horizons
and
of
history
Especially,
the
of
horizons”
improved the
interpreter's initiative and creativity to
unprecedented heights.
2.3.1 The
understanding of the historic
Gadamer
thought
hat
understanding
is
historic,
understanding
of
the
historic
constitute
the
prejudice
of
understanding,
thereby
determining
the
creative
and
generative the understanding. Real
understanding is not to overcome the limitations
of
history but to properly evaluate and
adapt to it, in this sense, understanding of the
text
is no doubt a historic. Either a
translator will be subject to a variety of
subjective or
objective
historical
conditions,
the
absolute
can
not
exist.
Misreading
is
the
historic
understanding
which
has
been
recognized
by
the
times,
and
it
is
also
the
production
affected
by
the
existing
social
factors
and
the
values
before
the
understanding. For example, the late
Qing period, facing the foreign powers invasion,
alien
domination,
the
Patriots
gave
full
play
to
political
enlightenment
function
the
novel's literary, and many those had no
political color or a lighter color of the foreign
political
novels
were
added
reading
when
they
were
translated
and
introduced
to
China,
and
take
up
a
political
mission.
The
understanding
of
the
historical
led
to
the
bias
of
understanding,
including
misreading
phenomenon,
but
Gadamer thought that
this bias is
constitute the historical
factors of understanding. Gadamer?s discourse to
the positive
bias makes us realize the
significance of the misreading ,the denial and
blame should
not given to misreading,
we need to re-examine its value.
2.3.2 Fusion of horizons
Understanding
existed
in
the
means
of
the
historical,
whether
the
subject
-------knower- or the object------ text
all historically existed, and both have their own
horizon.
Horizon
refers
to
the
starting
point
of
understanding,
perspective
and
possible
prospects.
Two
kinds
of
event
horizon
exist
gaps,
the
gap
caused
by
the
6