-
定语从句
8. We
need
them to imagine the
United States as a place
【
wh
ere
】
they
can
be
productive for a while
without committing themselves to
staying forever. (2013 Text 2)*
productive
adj.
有创造力的
commit
v.
命令
imagine A as B
把
…
想象成
语法点：
主句为
We need them to imagine
the United Stated as a place.
Where
引导定语从句修饰
a
place
翻译：
我们需要他们把美国认作
(imagine .. as
)
可以暂时
(for a while)
进行生产和收获
(productive)
的地方，
而
不是让他们努力在此永久定居。
9. Immigrants
are
quickly
fitting into
this common
culture,
【
which
】<
/p>
may not be
altogether
elevating
【
but
】
is
hardly poisonous. (2006
Text 1)
elevate
v.
提升
poisonous
adj.
有毒的
语法点：
主句为
Immigrants are quickly
fitting into this common culture.
Which
引导定语从句修饰
this
common culture
；
but
并列前后两个句子
翻译：
移民很快适应了这一共同文化，虽然这种文化可能不会引人向上，但也不会毒害人们。
12.
Meanwhile,
Apple
Computer,
【
which<
/p>
】
launched
a
video-capable
version
of
its
iPod
portable
music-player
in
October,
is
striking
deals
with
television
networks
to
expand
the
range
of
shows
【
that
】
can be
purchased
for viewing on the
device, including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives”
and
“Law & Order”. (The Economist Jan.
5, 2006)
video-capable
n.
视频录制功能
version
n.
版本
portable
adj.
便携的
strike
v.
罢工
;
朝某一方向前进
device
n.
设备
语法点：
主句为
Apple Computer is
striking deals with television networks to expand
the range of shows.
which
引导定
语从句修饰
Apple Computer;
that
引导定语从句修饰
shows
翻译：
与此同时，苹果电脑公司在<
/p>
10
月发售了一款可以观看电视的便携式音乐播放器
iPod
，该公司大大帮
助了电视网络扩大其可以供
用户购买的、用于在移动终端的节目范围，包括《迷失》
、
《绝
望的主妇》
以及《法律与秩序》
。
2.
Instead,
we
are
treated
to
fine
hypocritical
spectacles,
【
whic
h
】
now
more
than
ever
seem
in
ample
supply: the critic of American materialism with a
Southampton summer home; the publisher of
radical books
【
wh
o
】
takes
his meals
in three-star restaurants; the journalist
advocating participatory
democracy in
all phases of life,
【
whose
】
own
children
are enrolled in
private schools.
hypocritical adj.
虚伪的
spectacles
n.
壮观的场面或景象
ample
adj.
充足的
critic
n.
批判家
materialism
n.
唯物主义
radical
adj.
激进的
participatory
democracy
分享民主制
phase
n.
阶段
enroll
v.
招收；登记
语法点：
主句为
we are treated to fine
hypocritical spectacles.
which
引导定语从句修饰
fine
hypocritical spectacles;
who
引导定语从句修饰
publisher; whose<
/p>
引导定
语从句修饰
journalist
翻译：
相
反，
我们被款待看到这样一些非常虚伪的壮观景象，
他们似乎比
以前的任何时候都更供应充足：
美
国式物质主义的批判者却拥有
位于南安普顿的避暑山庄：
激进书籍的出版商却在三星级餐厅享用一日
< br>三餐
;
倡导在人生各个阶段的参与民主制的记者，他的子
女却就读于私立学校。
11.
The phrase “less is
more”
was
actually first
popularized
by a German, the
architect Ludwig Mies
van der Rohe,
【
who
】
like other people associated with the
Bauhaus, a school of design,
emigrated
to
the
United States before World War II
【
and
】
took
up
posts at American architecture
schools. (2011
Text 3)*
phrase
n.
短语
popular
n.
流行
associate
v.
联系
design
n.
设计
emigrate
v.
移民
take up posts
任职
语法点：
主句为
The phrase
“
less is
more
”
was actually first
popularized by a German.
The architect
…
是同位语补充
a German;
a school of design
是同位语补充
the
Bauhaus;
who
引导定语
从句修饰
a
German; and
并列
emigrated and
took up; associated with
…
做定语修饰
other
people
翻译：
“
更少就是更多
”
的说法
原先实际上首先是因一位名叫
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
的德国建筑师才得以
流行起来的。
他和其他
建筑大师一样也来自德国包豪斯设计学院。
他们在二战前移民到美国，
< br>并在美
国各建筑学院任教就职。
6. At the same time, the
American Law Institute
—
a
group of judges, lawyers, and academics
【
whose
】
recommendations
carry
substantial
weight
—
issued
new
guidelines
for
tort
law
stating
【
that
】
companies
need
not
warn
customers
of
obvious
dangers
or
bombard
them
with
a
lengthy
list
of
possible ones.
institute
n.
协会
academic
n.
学者
recommendation
n.
建议
substantial
adj.
大量的；重大的
guidelines
n.
指导方针
tort law
侵权行为法
state
v.
规定；声明
bombard
v.
连珠炮似的质问（或批评）
；使
大量面对
语法点：
主句为
the American Law
Instituteissued new guidelines for tort law.
a group of judges, lawyers, and
academics
【
whose
】
recommendations
carry
substantial
weight
做
插入语；
whose
引导定语从句休息
a
group of judges, lawyers, and
academics
；
stating
做定语修饰
guidelines
；
that
引导宾语从句；
and
并列<
/p>
need and bombard
翻译：
与此同时，美国法律研究所<
/p>
--
由一群法官、律师和理论专家组成，他们的建议分量极重
--
发布了新的
民事伤害法令指导方针，<
/p>
宣称公司不必提醒顾客注意显而易见的危险，
也不必连篇累牍地一
再提请他
们注意一些可能会出现的危险。
7.
During the
discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s
stockholders’ meeting, Levin
asserted
【
that
】
“music
is
not the cause of society’s ills”
【
and
】
even
cited
his
son, a teacher in the Bronx,
New York,
【
who
】
u
ses
rap to communicate with students.
erse
n.
歌词
stockholder
n.
股东
assert
v.
声称
cite
v.
引用，例证
语法点：
主句为
Levin asserted and cited
his son.
that
引导宾语从句；
< br>and
并列
asserted
和
and
；
who
引导定语从句修饰
his
son.
翻译：
在上个月的股东大
会上，大家就摇滚乐的歌词进行了讨论。莱文宣称
“
音乐不是社
会问题的病因
”
，他
甚至还以自己的儿
子为例。
他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一名教师，
用说唱乐的表
达方式与学生进行
交流。
主语从句
3.
【
Whether
】
the
Government
should
increase
the
financing
of
pure
science
at
the
expense
of
technology or vice versa often
depends on
the issue of
【
which
】
is
seen as
the driving force. (1994
Trans)
financing
n.
财政
pure science
纯科学
at the
expense of
以
…
为代价
vice versa
反之
depend on
取决于
driving
adj.
推动的
语法点：
whether
引导主语从句；
which
引导宾语从句
翻译：
政府究竟是
以牺牲对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，
还是相反，
< br>这往往取决于把哪
一方看作是驱动的力量。
4.
【
H
ow
】
well the predictions
will be validated
by later
performance
depends upon
the
amount,
reliability,
and
appropriateness
of
the
information
used
by
us
and
on
the
skill
and
wisdom
【
with
which
】
it
is interpreted
. (1995 Trans
75)
prediction
n.
预测
validate
v.
证实
reliability
n.
可靠性
appropriateness
n
.
适应性
wisdom
n.
智慧，才智
interpret
v.
解释
语法点：
how
引导主语从句；
with
which
引导定语从句，
修饰
the
skill and wisdom
；
and
< br>并列
depends upon and
on
翻译：
这些测试在多大程度上为后来
的表现所证实，
这取决于所采用信息的数量、
可靠性和适应性，
以及解
释这些信息的技能和才智。
宾语从句
3.
It
seems
antithetical to talk about habits in the same
context as creativity and innovation. But brain
researchers
have discovered<
/p>
【
that
】
【
when
】
we consciously
develop
new habits, we
create
parallel
paths, and even entirely new brain
cells
【
that
】
can jump
our trains of thought
onto new, innovative
tracks.
(2009 Text 1)
antithetical
adj.
相反的，对立的
context n.
背景
creativity
n.
创新
innovation
n.
变革
consciously adv.
有意识地
parallel
adj.
平行的
path
n.
路径
entirely
adv.
完全地
cell
n.
细胞
track
n.
轨道
翻译：
在相同的背景下去谈论习惯、
创造力和创新看上去是对立的。
但是大脑研究人员们发现了当我
们有意
识地养成新习惯的时候，
我们的大脑就创建了平行突触路
径，
甚至是全新的脑细胞，
这能够使得我们
的思路跳转到创新性的轨道上去。
4.
You
have
all
heard
it repeated
【
that
】
men of science
work
by means of induction
and deduction,
【
that
】
by
the
help
of
these
operations,
they,
in
a
sort
of
sense,
manage
to
extract
from
Nature
certain natural laws,
and
【
that
】
out of these, by some special skill of
their own, they
build
up
their
theories.
repeat
v.
重复
operation
n.
行为
extract
v.
提取
theory
n.
理论