-
目前最全的
LCD
专
业术语
(
中英文资料
)<
超全面
+
超长
>
Backlight:
背光。
CCFL(CCFT) (Cold Cathode
Fluorescent
Light/Tube):
冷阴极荧光灯。
Composite
vide
复合视频。
Component
vide
分量视频。
COB(Chip On
Board):IC
裸片通过邦定固定于印刷线路板上。
COF(Chip On Film):
将
IC
封装于柔性线路板上。
COG(Chip On Glass):
< br>将
IC
封装于玻璃上。
CRT(Cathode Radial
Tube):
阴极射线管。
DPI(Dot Per
Inch):
点每英寸。
Duty:
占空比,高出点亮的阀值电压的部分在一个周期中所占的比率
。
DVI(Digital
Visual Interface):
(
VGA
)数字接口
ECB(Electrically Controlled
Birefringence):
电控双折射。
EL(Electro luminescence):
p>
电致发光。
EL
层由高分子量薄片构成
p>
FSTN(Formulated S
TN):
薄膜补偿型
STN,
用于黑白
显示。
HTN(High
Twisted Nematic):
高扭曲向列的显示类型。
IC(Integrate
Circuit):
集成电路。
Inverter:
逆变器。
ITO(Indium-Tin
Oxide):
氧化铟锡。
LCD(Liquid Crystal
Display):
液晶显示器。
LCM(Liquid Crystal Module):
液晶模块。
LED(Light Emitting
Diode):
发光二极管。
LVDS(Low Voltage Differential
Signaling):
低压差分信号。
NTSC(National Television
Systems Committee):NTSC
制式
,
p>
全国电视系统委员会制式
OSD(On Screen
Display):
在屏上显示。
PAL(Phase Alternating Line)AL
制式
(
逐行倒相制式
)
。
PCB
(Print Circuit
Board):
印刷线路板。
PDP(Plasma Display
Panel):
等离子体显示。
SECAM(SEquential Couleur Avec Memoire):
SECAM
制式
(
顺序与存储彩色电视
系统
)
STN(Supper
Twisted Nematic):
超扭曲向列的显示类型。
S-videS
端子,与复合视频信
号比,将对比和颜色分离传输。
TAB
(Tape Automated
Bonding):
柔性带自动连接
。
TCP
(Tape Carrier
Package):
柔性线路板。
TFT(Thin Film
Transistor):
薄膜晶体管显示类型。
TMDS(Transition Minimized
Differential Signaling)
最小化传输差分信号
TN(Twisted
Nematic):
扭曲向列的显示类型。
VFD(Vacuum Fluorescence
Display):
真空荧光显示。
VGA(Video Graphic
Array):
视频图形阵列。
VOD(Video On
Demand):
视频点播。
有效显示区域
( Active
Area)
LCD Panel
的有效显示区域,
即可显示文字图形的总面积,
参考下图,
p>
白色区域即此片
Panel
的有效显示区域。
开口率
(Aperture
Ratio)
开口率即是每个画素可透光的有效区域除以画
素的总面积,开口率越高,整体画面越亮。
画面比率
(Aspect
Ratio)
Aspect
Ra
tio
为画面宽与高之比率。计算机画面及一般影像画面比率为
4:3
HDTV
则可提
供
16:9
的宽平面屏幕画面。
B/M (Black
Matrix) :
于
Color
Filter
上,用来
遮住
R
、
G
、
B
各
Pixel
< br>间之空隙,可大幅减少
LCD
光点间彼此
干扰所产生的光害,
呈现更稳定且清晰的影像品质,
提
升了阅读上的舒适度,
同时也减轻了长
期使用所造成的眼部压力
及疲累感。
CCFL(
冷阴极射线管
)
Cold Cathode Fluorescent
Lamp
将高压施加于灯管之两电极
,
电子即由电极端射出
,
电子因受高电
压加速而与管内之水银原
子撞击
,
水银原子在被撞击后由不稳定状态急速返回稳定状态时
,
会将过剩能量以紫外线
(253.7
nm)
释放出来
,
此释放出来之紫外线由萤光粉吸收转换成可视光
.
C/F(
彩色滤光片
)(Color
Filter) :
彩色滤光片上有排列整齐之
RGB(
三原色
)
画素,射入的光可经由滤光片
转变混合成各种颜
色。
LTPS
〈低温多晶硅〉
LTPS (Low Temperature Poly Silicon)
低温多晶硅,就是在摄氏
600
o
C
或更低的温度下经
过雷射回火
(Laser anneal)
的制程步骤所生产的多晶
硅,具有高开口率、可内建驱动
IC
等
外围电路于玻璃基板上、
TFT
反
应速度更快且面积缩小、接点数及零件数减少、系统设计简
单化,面板可高度提升,以及
降低材料成本等优点。
Luminance
〈明亮度〉
明亮度指一对象之可见亮度。其取决于可反射光之多寡并由一
平方公尺
(cd/m2)
内之多少烛
光
来衡量其亮度。
因表面物之反射属性之多样化,
类似的照明度因
对象表面反射属性之不同而
造成不同的明视度。
例如,
同样的光源照射于一黑一白的房间,
黑色房间之明视度相较于白色
房间的明视度是非常低而且昏暗。
Moire
一种因
< br>LCD
面板与背光模块刻痕方向不能匹配所造成的光干涉现象。
< br>
Mura
水波纹:指在显示影像时,所产生的画面局部或全面的不均匀
现象。
Response
Time
〈反应时间〉
的是屏幕像素接收到信号后,
由白转黑
(Tr)<
/p>
及由黑转白
(Tf)
所需转变时间。
p>
所需转变时间是越
短越好。
较短的反应时间
使画面转换更为顺畅。
一般而言,
其都低于
60ms. Response time
=Tr+Tf
Resolution of
Display (
显示分辨率
)
VGA = Video Graphics Array 640xRGBx480
Dot
SVGA = Super Video
Graphics Array 800xRGx600 Dot
XGA = Extended Graphics Array
1,024xRGBx768 Dot
SXGA =
Super Extended Graphics Array 1,280xRGBx1,024 Dot
SXGA+ = Super Extended
Graphics Array + 1,400xRGBx1,050 Dot
UXGA = Ultra Extended Graphics Array
1,600xRGBx1,200Dot
Spacer
〈间隔粒子〉
于两片玻璃基板间
,
所均匀洒上的球形树脂粒子
,
用来撑出一个间隙
,
以灌入液晶
,
其作用类似我们盖房子时的柱子。
Uniformity
〈均匀度〉
画面的均匀度;将一
Panel
p>
分为数等份,分别测量其中心点的亮度,所测得的最小值除以最
大值
即是此
Panel
均匀度,均匀度越高表示
Panel
画面越稳定。
View
Angle
〈视角〉
面对屏幕,往其上、下、左、右四方观测,调整此屏幕直到其无法由此四方看到屏幕画面之角
度。以监看者之视觉舒适,可调整视角之广狭。
Back
light
〈背光源〉
液晶
Panel
的背面所设置光源。萤光灯管(热
阴极管或冷阴极管)
、导光板、扩散板所构成。
Contrast Ratio<
/p>
〈对比度
C/R
〉
此为黑色与白色之间的对比。比值越高,色彩越鲜明。
FPC
Flexible Printed
Circuit
;可弯曲印刷电路。
Inverter
〈换流器〉
DC/AC
换流器主要应用于
TFT
面板背光源之
power
suppl
y
。它使用高电压来驱动冷阴极
射线管。此独特的电力仪器具有
高瓦特数、高效能及坚实小巧的设计。
LVDS
(
低压差分信号传输
)
Low
Voltage Differential Signaling
;数字显示接口,具
有高效能、高速与低功率消耗等特
色。
Laser
Anneal
〈雷射回火〉
低温多晶硅与非晶硅最大差异在于,
LTPS
的薄膜晶体管
TFT
,
经过雷
射回火
(Laser anneal)
的制程步骤;
利用雷射作为热源,
雷射光经过投射系统后,<
/p>
会产生能量均匀分布的光束,
投射
于非晶
硅结构的玻璃基板上,
当非晶硅结构玻璃基板吸收雷射的能量后,
会转变成为多晶硅结
构
QCIF
(Quarter Common Intermediate Format):
QCIF
为视讯会议格式,其每秒
可传输
30
页的资料,每一页有
144
行、每一行有
176
画素
(pixel)
。
p>
其分辨率为
CIF
之
1/4
。
QCIF
为
ITU
H.261
视讯会议之标准。
CIF
及
QCIF
互为兼容并适用于
NTSC, PAL
及
SECAM
三种
TV
标准。
White Chromaticity
< br>为衡量
RGB
三原色的均衡值的测量方法。
较高之色温产生偏蓝的白色;
较低的色温产生偏红的白色。
A
a-Si
amorphous silicon
以材料结构而言,
amorphou
s
的意思是指未结晶的状态。
Amorphous
silicon
膜具有作为
半导体材料之特性,可
用
plasma CVD
装置在
400
℃以下的温度下形成。因此成为使用玻璃
基板之主动矩阵(
p>
active matrix
)方式液晶面板的
TFT
主力组件材料。
英:
Amorphous
means
lacking
distinct
crystalline
in
material
structure’s
term.
Amorphous
silicon
film
has
the
quality
that
can
be
used
as
material
of
semiconductor
.
It
can
be
formed
by
using
plasma
CVD
equipment
under
temperature
of
400
degree
C.
Therefore,
it
is
the
major
material
for
manufacturing TFT of LCD panel, which
uses glass substrate with active matrix.
a-Si TFT
amorphous Silicon Thin Film
Transistor
以
amorphous silicon
为构成材料之电场效果型的薄膜晶体管。带有
source
、
drain
、
gate
三种电极之
3
端子组件。最常使用为主动矩阵(
active
matrix
)液晶显示器的开关。
英:
The
Field
Effect
type
TFT
with
amorphous
silicon
material
contains
three
terminal components of
three types of electrodes: source, drain, and
gate. They
are often used as the switch
of active matrix type LCD.
ACF
Anisotropic
Conductive Film
异方性导电膜,
指含有导电性粒子之热硬化或热可塑性的树脂薄膜。
< br>主要用于液晶显示面板与
驱动
IC
之讯号传输连结,
需针对不同之接合接口选择适合导电粒子及密度,
< br>一般而言用于
fine
pitch
之导电粒子其直径约为
3~5
um
。
英:
Anisotropic conductive
film means the thermosetting or thermal plastic
resin
film which contains conductivity
particle. It is used major in LCD panel, and to
drive
the
signal
connection,
transmitting
in
IC.
Different
interface
connection
requires
specific
conductivity
particles
and
density
accordingly.
Generally
speaking, the diameter of conductivity
particles, which used for fine pitch, should
be three to five um.
Active area
在液晶显示面板中具有显示功能之像素总面积。
英:
In
LCD screen, it serves the purpose of showing the
total surface area of
functional
pixels.
Active
matrix
在像素或
dot
p>
上设置主动组件,
于写入期间激活主动组件而写入
< br>data
电压、
其它期间则关闭
主动组件以维持电压之矩阵驱动方式。依据主动组件的种类区分为
3
端子型的
TFT
方式与
2
端子型的
TFD
(
MI
M
)方式。
2
端子型的制造工程可简化
。
英:
It sets active components on pixel or
dot, witch activate active component
to
write data voltage during the writing period, and
during other period, it shut off
active
component
to
maintain
voltage
of
matrix
driving
method.
According
to
different types of active
component, it is divided into either 3-terminal
model TFT
or
2-terminal
model
TFD
(MIM)
methods.
The
manufacturing
process
of
2-terminal model can be
simplified.
Anti-glare treatment
在液晶面板表面设置凹凸,以降低镜面反射之处理。
Anti-
glare
处理的程度是利用积分球式
光线透过率量测方式,以
全光线透过率与散乱光透过率的比定义的。
英:
Convex and
concave surface is configured on the LCD panel as
the treatment
to reduce the reflection
of mirror
. The extent of Anti-glare is
to use the measuring
method of light
penetration of integral sphere model to define the
ratio between
the rate of full-light
penetration and the rate of scatter light
Anti-reflection
在表面上包覆多层折射率不同的膜,用来消除界面的反射光之
处理。
英:
It is a
treatment to eliminate reflection light from
interface surface, by coating
many
layers of film with different reflecting rate on
the surface.
Aperture ratio
单
一画素中可透光面积与像素总面积之比值。开口率之大小与
TFT
所使用之金属导线特性及
Cell
制程能力有关。
英:
It is the ratio of the luminary surface
in a single pixel comparing to the surface
of total pixels. The opening rate is
determined by the nature of metal interconnect
and the capability of Cell
manufacturing of TFT
.
APR? plate
液状紫外线硬化型树脂凸版。厚度从
1.0~3.0
都有,种类甚多,为了提供液体的转写效率,
在画面部分的表面增加一层网状物。制
版时,版系根据版体的直径,事先将画像缩小后制成。
因为版即使在萤光灯下也会加促硬
化,
故保管上必须非常注意。
(旭化成工业
(
株
)
的登记商标)
英:
There are many kinds of resin
projecting plate of UV hardening model in liquid
state with a thickness ranging from 1.0
to 3.0; for the purpose of elevating the
efficiency
of
pattern
transformation
for
the
liquid,
the
surface
of
the
picture
portion
has
been
mounted
a
layer
of
meshed
stuff.
When
perform
the
plate
making, the pattern
has been miniaturized and then finished in
accordance with
the diameter of plate.
Since the hardening of plate will be promoted even
under
fluorescent
light,
special
attention
is
required
for
preservation.
(Trademark
of
Asahi Chemical Industrial
Co., Ltd ).
Array
指玻璃基板上已配置<
/p>
TFT
等
switching
组件,但未成为
Cell
前的状态。
英:
It is
the state in which the screen has been equipped
with TFT switching device,
but it is
still not a cell yet.
Aspect ratio
显像后
的
resist
膜,
或用蚀刻形成于基
板上的
pattern
之深度与宽度的比。
Aspect
比=
b/a
(
a
:蚀刻的宽度,
b
:蚀刻的深度)
英:
It
is
the ratio
between the depth
and width
of the
pattern on the etched
substrate or the resist film after
pattern is developed.
Aspect
ratio =
b/a
(a :
etching width, b : etching depth)
COG
Chip On Glass
直接
将驱动
IC
之
I/O
< br>与显示玻璃基板的电极端子面对面接合之方式,
COG
模
块构装所使用
之驱动
IC
必须先长凸块
(bumping)
,
液晶面板模块构
装之凸块材质为
Au
,
目前以
ACF
为接
合材料之制程较成熟。
英:
It is a process of connecting electrode
terminal of display glass substrate and
I/O of Driving IC directly to each
other
. The Driving IC must have
bumping, and
the material used for
liquid crystal substrate bumping is Au. The
manufacturing
process, which uses ACF
as its connecting material, is more matured.
COP
Chip On Plastic
直接将
IC
chip
接续在塑料基板的电极端子上之方式,为
Chip
On
Plastic
之简称。装设塑
料基板液晶面板之
driver
IC
时所使用的。
英:
It is a
simplified term of Chip On Plastic, which is a
method of connecting IC
chip to the
electrode terminal of plastic substrate. It is
used for setting the driver
IC onto the
liquid crystal panel of plastic substrate.
Cold cathode
fluorescent tube
冷阴极射线管
为
Back light
其中一种光源
,采用金属阴极之萤光灯管。利用高电场引起发光放电,然后用
此放电所产生的紫外线激
发萤光体而发光之放电灯管。
基于发热、
寿命之考量,
大多采用冷阴
极管。
英:
It is one of
the light sources used in Back light, and it uses
the fluorescent
tube of metal cathode.
The discharge tube that uses high electrical field
to cause
glow discharge and the ultra
violet light generated from this type of discharge
would trigger the fluorescent particle
and glow. Considering the heat and life time
factors, the cold cathode fluorescent
tube is more frequently used.
Contrast ratio
对比度
液晶
On/Off
时最大辉度与最小辉度之比。液晶依画面视角的不同,其
< br>contrast
也会跟着改
变,因此以最大的对比来表
示。
通常
STN
以
10
:
1
表示、
< br>TFT
以
100
:
1
表示。
英:
The ratio
between the maximum and minimum brightness when
the LC is On
/
Off.
The
contrast
changes
with
different
viewing
angles,
and
therefore,
maximum contrast
ratio is used for display. Generally,
STN is 10:1 and TFT is
100:1
for display.
CD
Critical Dimension
一般是指
100um
以下的
pattern
线宽或间隔,为表示
pattern
位置之尺寸值。使用于露光
量、现
象条件、蚀刻条件等制程参数,或制品尺寸管理方面。
英:
CD means the
gap or width between patterns under 100 um, and it
is to show
the dimension measurement of
location of pattern. It is used as a parameter of
light
exposure
quantity,
and
etching
conditions
in
manufacturing
process
or
dimension management aspect of
products.
Crosstalk
由于像素间信
号干涉,使对比高的画面轮廓在背景部产生的拖曳现象。每个画素都设置理想
switc
h
的主动矩阵方式不会产生
crosstalk
。
英:
Due
to
the
signal
interferences
between
pixels,
the
background
would
generate
dragging
phenomenon
in
high
contrast
screen.
Cross
talk
can
be
eliminated by fixing activate matrix
type of ideal switch on each pixel.
Dark defect
不随信号改变而一直保持低辉度状态的点状缺陷。
英:
Dark defect is a kind of dot form fault
that does not change with signals and
keeps in low BRIL status.
Data line
FT
基板中传达显示信号之垂直方向的配线。
因为
接续在各画素
TFT
的
Source<
/p>
电极或
Drain
电极上,故又称为<
/p>
Source
线或
Drain
线。线宽通常为数
um
到
10um
不等。
英:
It is the
perpendicular wiring used in TFT substrate to
transfer display signals.
Because it is
connected with the Source electrode or Drain
electrode on each pixel
in
TFT
, it is also known as Source line or
Drain line. The width of the line is often
between few um to 10 um.
Dichroic Mirror
仅选择在特定的波长区域内的光来做反射的光学镜。
一般是利用
层积的多层膜的光之干涉经由
反射而取出各式各样的颜色的光。使用在投写型的投影机上
。
英:
It is a kind of optical mirror that
only reflects certain light in some chosen light
spectrum. Normally, many layers of film
to interfere with light and with reflection
to generate various color of light. It
is applied to projectors with poly-silicon LCD.
Dot
构成各画素的要素点(显示的最小构成点)
。
< br>
英:
Dot is the point that constructs each
pixel. (the smallest display unit)
Driver IC
驱动液晶面板的回路或
IC
。
Matrix
显示有扫描电极(行电极)
Driver
p>
与信号电极(列电极)
Driver
二种。
由
QFP
变迁为
TCP
。
多硅晶(
poly-
silicon
)的面板则是直接将
Driver IC
形
成在显示面板中
。
英:
It
is the IC that drives the LCD. There two types of
display matrix: Scanning
electrode
(column electrode) Driver and Signal electrode
(row electrode) Driver
.
The
package of driver changes from QFP to
TCP
. The Driver IC of poly-silicon LCD
panel forms directly in the display
screen.
Dual
Scan
将液晶面板的配线自上下两端开始接续的方法。
英:
It
is a method of connecting continuously from top
and bottom wiring in the
LCD.
E
EWS
engineering workstation
拥有
color graphic display
与高度演算能力,技术者为了能互动地执行
LSI
或
electronics
system
之开发、
设计所用的计算机。
透过计算机网络与其它
EWS
相互接续而达到设计
Data
共有化,以构筑效率良好的分散设计环境。
英:
It is a
computer designed for high color graphic display
calculation, and it is
used for execute
LSI interactively or for electronics system
development. Through
network, it can
connect to other EWS to achieve data sharing
designing, hence,
better and efficient
distributed deigning environment are built.
F
Flatness
大多指
heat head
与支撑台的
平行度。热压着时,每个
tool
相互间的关系比平行度重要。
英:
Most of the time, Flatness means the
parallelism between the heat tool and
support platform. When there is heat,
the relationships between each tool is more
important than the parallelism.
Flicker
画面辉度之周期性变动。也称为闪烁。出现
Cross
Talk
较多的画面其
Flicker
也会较明显。
其起因与
Crosstalk<
/p>
相同。
英:
Flicker is a
periodic change of the brightness of the screen.
Flicker is more
obvious when there are
more cross talk, and the cause of flicker is the
same as
Crosstalk.
FPC
Flexible Printed Circuit
p>
可挠曲印刷配线板。
使用于实装有液晶
dr
iver IC
的印刷基板与
COG
基
板等界面上之配线板。
英:
FPC
means
flexible
printed
circuit
board.
FPC
is
the
circuit
that
applies
to
printing circuit with LC driver IC and
COG circuit interface.
FCA
Flip Chip
Attachment
为
face
down
bonding
其中一种。
指将
LSI
chip
上的接续电极直接接续在基板或
package
的配线用电极上
。一般是在
LSI chip
上形成焊锡
bump
与基板接续,但<
/p>
COG
则是使用导电
paste
、
ACF
等来接续
bu
mp
与基板。
英:
FCA is one type of the
face down bonding. It means attaching the
connecting
electrode
of
LSI
chip
directly
to
the
circuit
or
wiring
electrode
of
package.
Generally, LSI chip
forms the soldering bump and attach to the
circuit, but COG
uses conductivity
paste, or ACF for attachment between bump and
circuit.
FLCD
Ferroelectric Liquid
Crystal Display
指强诱电性液晶。材料使
用
sematic
液晶,属于单纯
ma
trix
方式,可做高速应答。虽然使
用在大型
panel
上价格较便宜,但另一方面,由于很难做安定的配向,故在画面的
要求上有
其困难之处。
英:
It uses sematic LC as its
material, which belongs to simple matrix type, and
has
high speed response. Although it is
cheaper to apply on large type panel, but on
the
other
hand,
it
is
very
hard
to
achieve
stability.
Therefore,
it
is
difficult
to
achieve quality of the
screen.
Folding
TCP
将实装后的
TCP
折弯一次或二次之形态的
TCP
。有助于面板边
框
area
之狭小化。
英:
Folding TCP is
formed by folding the fixed TCP once or twice, and
it helps to
minimise the frame area of
circuit
GPS
以美国<
/p>
24
个卫星传来的时间与位置等情报为基准而知道现在位置的方法
。
将这个情报与地图
情报搭配使用的方法即可汽车导航系统。<
/p>
英:
Global Positioning System allows users
to find out the time, and exact current
location through 24 different
satellites. Applying this system and map
information
achieves the vehicle
navigation system.
Gray scale
指介于最大
辉度与最小辉度之间的中间调显示。数字信号输入时,与
2, 3, 4, 6, 8
bit
相对
应的有
4, 8, 16,
64, 256
阶调。模拟信号输入则可作无限阶调之显示。阶调显示的方式分
为液晶驱动电压变化及
frame
间的时间调节
。
英
:
Gray
scale
is
for
tuning
the
display
between
maximum
and
minimum
brightness. When
digital signal is input to it, according to 2, 3,
4, 6 and 8 bit, there
are 4, 8, 16, 64
and 256 different gray levels. Analogue input can
be used for
infinity level tuning
display. There are two ways of gray scale: LC
driving voltage
tuning and frame rate
control.
I