眼科名称中英对照

(

被虹膜分隔）

前房

后房

房水

房水的产生和循环

retinal pigment epithelium or RPE

photoreceptor layer

retinal rod

retinal cone

bipolar neurons

ganglion cells, whose axons form optic nerve

optic(al) nerve

macula lutea

fovea centralis

optic disc/optic nerve head/ blind spot

（

consists of

optic nerve fibers and central artery of retina)

contents of eyeball

chamber of eye (divided by iris)

anterior chamber

posterior chamber

aqueous humor

production and circulation of aqueous humor

ciliary body-posterior chamber- via pupil-anterior chamber-via iridocorneal angle- sinus venosus

sclera-anterior ciliary vein-ophthalmic vein

晶状体

晶体囊膜

晶体皮质

crystalline lens

lens capsule

lens cortex

晶状体核

带状纤维< /p>

(

睫状小带

/

晶 体悬韧带）

玻璃体

眼的屈光介质

眼的血管

眼动脉

视网膜动脉和静脉

视网膜中央动脉

视网膜鼻侧上小动脉

视网膜鼻侧下小动脉

视网膜颞侧上小动脉

视网膜颞侧下小动脉

眼静脉

眼上静脉

眼下静脉

视网膜中央静脉

涡静脉

眼附属器

眼睑

,

其层次为皮肤、皮下组织、肌层

(

眼轮匝

肌）、睑板

(

内有睑板腺）、睑 结膜

lens nucleus

ciliary zonules/ suspensory ligament zonules

vitreous body

refractive media of eye

Vessels of eye

Ophthalmic artery

retinal arteries and veins

central retinal artery

Four branches: superior and inferior nasal or

temporal arteriole of retina

Ophthalmic vein

Superior ophthalmic vein

Inferior ophthalmic vein

central retinal vein

vorticose vein

auxiliary/accessory eye organs

eye lids,including skin,subcutaneous areola

tissue,muscular layer (orbicularis

oculi),tarsus(tarsal glands embedded),palpebral

conjunctiva

结膜

睑结膜

球结膜

结膜穹隆

:

睑结膜与球结膜的移行处，分为结膜

上穹和结膜下穹

结膜上穹

结膜囊

泪器

conjunctiva

palpebral conjunctiva

bulbar conjunctiva

conjunctival fornix(superior and inferior):line of

reflection of bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva

superior fornix of conjunctiva

conjunctival sac

lacrimal apparatus

lacrimal gland,occupies fossa for lacrimal gland,

泪腺

,

位于眶上壁外侧的泪腺窝内

,

有排泄管

has ducts < /p>

泪道

:

包括泪点、泪小管（分上泪小管和 下泪小

管）、泪囊、鼻泪管。

lacrimal passages, including lacrimal puncta,

lacrimal ductules, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct

tear is produced by lacrimal gland, passes through superior conjunctival fornix into conjunctival sac,

then it is drained through lacrimal punctum, lacrimal ductule, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct into

inferior nasal meatus.

眼球外肌

上睑提肌

上直肌

下直肌

内直肌

ocular muscles

levator palpebrae superioris

superior rectus muscle

inferior rectus muscle

medial rectus muscle

外直肌

上斜肌

下斜肌

眼眶内的结缔组织

眼眶（眶筋膜和眶脂体）

眼球筋膜鞘

,

从视神经到角巩膜缘，减少眼球运

动 时的摩擦

Lateral retus muscle

Superior oblique muscle

inferior oblique muscle

connective tissue in the orbit

orbit

bulbar sheath(Sheath of eyeball),a thin

membrane, which surrounds the eyeball from optic

nerve to corneoscleral junction, permits the

eyeball to move in the orbit without friction

眶脂体

Adipose body of orbit: lies between sheath of

eyeball and the orbit, acts as a protective cushion

and shock absorber for the eyeball

硬脑膜

dura mater

二、基本概念

眼科医师，眼科专家

验光师

眼镜商，眼镜制造者

眼科学

视觉失常

双眼视觉

眼前节

眼后节

Ophthalmologist /Oculist/eye doctor

optometrist

optician

Ophthalmology

ocular aberration

binocular vision

ocular anterior segment

ocular posterior segment

子午线

睫状沟到睫状沟

角膜顶点

瞳孔扩张

瞳孔散大

左眼

右眼

无光感

伪盲

深度觉

远处的平行光

近处的发散光

折射

,

屈光

屈光状态

meridian

sulcus to sulcus

Cornea apex

Pupil dilatation

mydriasis

OS =Oculus sinister

OD= the right eye =oculus dexter

no light perception, no LP

simulated blindness

depth perception

nearly parallel rays from distant object

divergent rays from close object

refraction

refractive status

Diopter ―――a unit of measurement of the refractive

power of a

屈光度，折光度

(

以米为单位的焦

lens which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured

距的倒数）

in meters; used by oculists

屈光不正

,

非正视

波前像差

/

波阵面像差

近视眼高阶像差

“像跳”现象

refractive error,ametropia

wavefront aberration

higher order aberrations of myopic eyes

Jack in the box

调节

正视眼

近视眼

远视眼

老视

无晶体眼

人工晶状体植入

凹透镜

凸透镜

眼压

双眼单视界

双眼单视界曲线

视野

中心视野

周边视野

绝对视野

相对视野

单眼视野

双眼视野

色视野

形视野

accommodation

normal(emmetropic) eye

nearsighted(myopic)eye

farsighted(hypermetropic)eye

Presbyopia

aphakia

Intraocular lens implantment (IOL)

concaves lens

convex lens

intraocular pressure, IOP

horopter

horopter curve

visual field

central visual field

peripheral visual field

absolute visual field

relative visual field

monocular visual field

binocular visual field

color visual field

form visual field

视野岛

等视线

面对面视野检查法

明视觉，亮视觉，白昼视觉

暗视觉，微光视觉，夜视觉

过渡视觉，黄昏黎明黎明视觉

暗视觉和黄昏视觉

适暗眼

明适应

暗适应

暗光

过渡光

亮光

正常视野

管状视野

螺旋状视野

视野缺损

视野缩小

偏盲

颞侧偏盲

鼻侧偏盲

visual island

visual isopter

confrontation method

Photopic vision

scotopic vision

mesopic vision

noctovision

scotopic eye

light adaptation

dark adaptation

Scotopic light

Mesopic light

Fotopic light

normal visual field

tubular visual field

spiral visual field

defect of visual field

constriction of visual field

hemianopsia

temporal hemianopsia

nasal hemianopsia