-
明祖陵
Ming Zu Tomb
各位游客
:
我们面前的明祖陵，又称“明代第一险”
，是全国唯一的水下
皇陵，
陵区现有总面积约
73
万平方米。
明祖陵是明太祖朱元璋在推翻元朝统治、
登上皇帝宝座后，为
高祖朱百六
(
玄皇帝
)
、
曾祖朱四九<
/p>
(
恒皇帝
)
和祖
父朱初一
(
裕皇帝
)
< br>兴建
的衣冠家，也是裕皇帝朱初
-
的实际殁葬地，原名“杨家墩”。
Dear
visitors:
The Ming Zu Mausoleum in
front of us, also known as the
Dynasty
No. 1 Danger
country. The total area of
the tomb is about 730,000 square meters.
Ming Zu Mausoleum was built by the
great ancestor Zhu Bailiu (Xuan
Emperor), great ancestor Zhu Sijiu
(Heng Emperor), and grandfather
Zhu
Chuyi (Emperor Yu) after Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang
overthrew
the rule of the Yuan Dynasty
and ascended the throne of the emperor.
It was also the actual burial place of
Emperor Yu Zhu Chu-, formerly
known as
明祖陵始建于明洪武十八年
(138
5
年
)
，
<
/p>
建成于明永乐十一年
(1413
年
)
，
共历时
28
年之久。
陵区原有城墙
< br>3
道，
金水桥
3
座，
殿、
亭、楼、阁、署房、官私宅第数千间，占地面
积上万亩，
可谓规模
宏大，气势雄伟
。清康熙十九年
(1680
年
)
夏秋，黄淮并涨，明祖陵与
位于南侧约
13<
/p>
里的泗州城同时被淹没在洪泽湖底。
1962
< br>年冬至
1963
年春，由于气候干旱，加上当时正值枯水
季节，江苏省文物普查工作
队在洪泽湖西岸寻访古徐国遗迹时，
发现长长的一列石刻群，
这群具
<
/p>
有唐宋风格、精致生动的石刻群，经过专家多方查考，确认为是消失
已久的明代“祖陵”。
1980
年，
国家拨专款对明祖陵倒伏的石刻进
行复位、扶正。
1982
年，被省人民政府确定为江苏省第三批文物保
护单位。
1996
年，被国务院公布为第四批全国重点文物
保护单位。
Ming Zu Mausoleum was
built in the eighteenth year of Ming Hongwu
(1385) and completed in the eleventh
year of Ming Yongle (1413),
which
lasted 28 years. The mausoleum area has 3 original
city walls,
3 Jinshui bridges,
thousands of halls, pavilions, buildings,
pavilions,
office houses, and official
private residences, covering an area of tens
of thousands of acres. It can be
described as grand in scale and
majestic. In the 19th year of Emperor
Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty
(1680) in
summer and autumn, the Huanghuai River rose
simultaneously, and the Ming Zu
Mausoleum and Sizhou City located
about
13 miles to the south were submerged at the bottom
of Hongze
Lake. From the winter of 1962
to the spring of 1963, due to the dry
climate and the dry season at that
time, the Jiangsu Provincial
Cultural
Relics Census Team found a long line of stone
carvings on
the west bank of Hongze
Lake when they were looking for the
remains of the ancient Xu Kingdom. The
style, exquisite and vivid
stone
carvings have been verified by experts as the
long-lost
special funds to
restore and straighten the fallen stone carvings
of
Mingzu Mausoleum. In 1982, it was
designated as the third batch of
cultural relics protection units in
Jiangsu Province by the Provincial
People's Government. In 1996, it was
announced as the fourth batch
of
national key cultural relics protection units by
the State Council.
[
沙盘
]
明祖陵原有建筑规模宏大，气势雄伟。原有城墙
3
道，最
外边的叫“外罗城”，中间的是“中砖城”，最里面的是“内皇城”。
< br>从正南的下马碑起进人红门，过基运山两座碑亭，进人“中砖城”，
过神道、
金水桥和金门才能进入正殿，
再往后就是充满神秘色彩的地
下玄官。
[Sandpan]
The original
building of Mingzu Mausoleum was grand
and majestic. There were 3 original
city walls, the outermost one is
called
the innermost one is
the Xia
Ma stele in the south, pass the two stele
pavilions of Jiyun
Mountain, and enter
the
hall after passing the Shinto,
Jinshui Bridge and Jinmen, and then
the
mysterious underground mysterious
official.
[
陈列馆
]
明祖陵陈列馆于
203
年大年初正式对外开放，
我们现
在看到的这个沙盘模型就是根据明祖陵的原貌图复制而来的，
由于明
祖陵在水底下沉睡
300
年，
大部
分的建筑物已经毁于洪水。
我们在明
祖陵可以看到的只有三部分
:
第一部分是道石划。第二部分是内泉城
遗址，第三部分是地官，陈川丽同时也将明朝五大帝中的
19
座陵墓
作简单介绍。
[Exhibition
Hall]
Ming
Zu
Mausoleum
Exhibition
Hall
was
officially
opened to the
public at the beginning of the Lunar New Year 203.
The sand table model we see now is
copied from the original map
of
Ming
Zu
Mausoleum,
because
Ming
Zu
Mausoleum
has
been
sleeping
under the water for 300 years , Most of the
buildings have
been destroyed by
floods. There are only three parts that we can
see in the Mingzu Mausoleum: The first
part is the Dao
-
Stone Plan.
The second part
is the ruins of Neiquan City, and the third part
is
the local officials. Chen Chuanli
also briefly introduced 19 tombs of
the
five emperors of the Ming Dynasty.
首先我们可以看到的是这块《朱氏世德碑记》，是朱元师亲自强
写文确的
，如果要问中国历代封建帝王有多少位皇帝为自己撰写碑
记，那么答案只有个，只有明代
的开国皇帝朱元璋。通过这块碑记，
我们可以了解到朱元章的相籍在“江苏句容”
(
第行，本宗朱氏，出
自金陵之句容，地名朱
家巷，在通德乡
)
，
那么盱眙为何又成为朱元
璋埋葬祖先的地方呢
?
《碑记》
的第
13
行告诉我们
:
“
元初籍淘金户，
金非土产，市于他市，先祖考初一
公困于役，遂弃田庐，携二子，
迁泗州盱眙县。
”
意思是说，
元代时朱元璋的祖父被定
为
“淘金户”
，
定期要向朝廷供奉金子
，
但是句容不产金子，
那就要拿其他东西到市
< br>集上去交换金子，可换的人多了，价格就高了，买不起了。所以朱元
璋的祖父就放
弃了田地和房屋，
携带两个儿子，
搬迁到当时的古泗州
盱眙县，后来朱元璋的祖先们就先后病死于盱眙境内。
First of all, we can see that this
piece of
written by Master Zhu Yuan
himself. If you want to ask how many
Chinese emperors of the feudal
dynasties wrote steles for themselves,
then there is only one answer, only the
Ming Dynasty. The founding
emperor Zhu
Yuanzhang. Through this inscription, we can
understand that Zhu Yuanzhang’s
hometown is in
(the first line, the Zhu
family of this sect, from Jurong of Jinling, the
place name is Zhujiaxiang, in Tongde
Township), then why Xuyi
became Where
is Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestor buried? The 13th line
of
the
digger and was a
native of Jinfei. The city was in another city.
Moved
to Xuyi County,
Sizhou.
Yuanzhang's grandfather was designated
as a
regularly offered gold to the
court, but Jurong did not produce gold,
so he had to take other things to the
market. When there were more
people in
exchange for gold, the price became too high and
it was too
much to buy. So Zhu
Yuanzhang’s grandfather gave up his fields and
houses, took his two sons, and moved to
Xuyi County, ancient Sizhou
at that
time. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang’s ancestors They died
of illnes
s in
Xuyi.
在这块碑记上，我们也可以解开朱元璋出生地之“谜
。碑中记
载“先考君娶妻陈氏，泗州人，生子四
，长重四公生盱眙，重六公、
重七公生五河，
某其季也，生迁盱眙后”，所以盱眙就成为孕育一
代帝王的故乡。“积善之家必
有余庆。先祖父
在这块碑记的最后，
我们还可以看到这样一段话
:
积功累善
，天
之报施，茂于阙后。凡我子孙，皆当体祖宗之心，蹈德存仁，以永其
绪于无穷，是吾之所望也
!
”这是朱元璋在登上皇帝的
宝座后，为了
给天下百姓一个说法，即我为什么可以当上皇帝呢
?
那是我祖先积下
的公德，
上天为了报
答而把福运降到了我的身上，
以后我的子孙都要
体谅祖宗的心，
让我们的山永远传承下去，是我的愿望
!
On this tablet, we can also solve the
birthplace. The stele records
Chen clan, a native of Sizhou, have
four sons, grow four sons and give
birth to Xuyi, weigh six sons and seven
sons, give birth to five rivers,
and a
certain season, after the birth of
Xuyi
hometown of a generation of
emperors.
the house of Ji Shan.
Grandfather
At
the end of this inscription, we can also see this
passage:
Accumulate meritorious deeds,
and heaven will reward you for good.
All my children and grandchildren
should follow the heart of the
ancestors, follow virtue and preserve
benevolence, and perpetually
be in
infinity. This is what I hope!
ascending
to the throne of the emperor, in order to give the
people of
the world an explanation,
that is, I Why can I be an emperor? That is
the social virtue accumulated by my
ancestors, and God gave me
good luck in
repaying. From now on, my children and
grandchildren
will understand the heart
of our ancestors and let our mountains
pass on forever. It is me Wish!
下面这几组照片是明祖陵从被发现
到现在的变化情况，
由于明祖
陵在水下沉睡了
< br>300
多年，它比明朝任何帝陵保存得都要完整。
这张照片是
1963
年大早的时候明祖废石
划露出水面的状况。明
祖陵作为景点建设和对外开放比较魂，
在
近两年才在旅游市场产生较
大影响。
每年的重大节庆活动，明祖陵会举行明皇太子祭祀大典的表演，
下次您再来明祖陵观光旅游时，也许有机会可以一睹为快
!
The following sets of photos
are the changes from the discovery of
the Ming Zu Mausoleum to the present.
Since the Ming Zu Mausoleum
has been
sleeping underwater for more than 300 years, it is
more
intact than any imperial tomb in
the Ming Dynasty.
This photo shows the
Mingzu waste rock out of the water in the early
1963. Ming Zu Mausoleum, as the soul of
scenic spot construction and
opening to the outside
world, has only had a greater impact on the
tourism market in the past two years.
An important festival every year, the
Ming Zu Mausoleum will hold a
performance of the Ming prince ritual
ceremony. Next time you come
to the
Ming Zu Mausoleum for sightseeing, you may have a
chance to
see it!
接下来，
我们看到的是安徽风阳的明
皇陵。
它是朱元璋父母的陵
墓，
朱元璋
在做皇帝的第二年就为父母开始修建陵寝，
因为朱元璋是
一个非
常孝顺的儿子，
所以朱元璋自己的陵墓就叫作“孝陵”。
现在我们可以看到上面有两幅不一样的画像，
第
-
幅是朱元璋的
原貌，
长得不是很体面，
由于很多画师依据实际情况画出了朱皇帝的
原貌，结果都被杀了头，直到出现了南京布衣巷的一位小画师，
融
合了历代帝王雍容华贵的特征，
才画出了
下面这幅仁慈和蔼与富贵的
画像。
Next, we see the Ming Emperor's Tomb in
Fengyang, Anhui. It is the
mausoleum of
Zhu Yuanzhang's parents. Zhu Yuanzhang began to
build the mausoleum for his parents in
his second year as the
emperor. Because
Zhu Yuanzhang was a very filial son, Zhu
Yuanzhang's own mausoleum was called
Now we can see two different portraits
above. The first one is the
original
appearance of Zhu Yuanzhang, which is not very
decent.
Because many painters painted
the original appearance of Emperor
Zhu
based on the actual situation, they were all
beheaded until A
young painter from
Buyi Alley, Nanjing, combined the graceful and
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