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2014新人教版八年级英语下unit6知识梳理

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2021-02-26 16:16
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2021年2月26日发(作者:马列文论)






































Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?


词汇精讲



1. miss


miss


作动词,意 为“想念,思念”


。例如:






I



ll miss you when you go to Canada.


你到了加拿大以后,我一定会想你。







【拓展】



(1) miss


作动词还有“未击中,未抓住”的意思。例如:






I tried to hit the ball but I missed.


我努力地想击中球,但却未成功。



(2) miss


还可意为“未赶上,错过”

< br>,是动词。例如:






I missed the football match on TV last night.


我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。



(3) miss



like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can



t help; give up

等词一样后接动词



-ing


形式 。例如:







I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.



我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。



2. suddenly


suddenly

< br>作副词,意为“突然,忽然”


,在句中多修饰动词或句子,做状语。例如:



I suddenly remembered that I didn



t bring my key.



我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。



It all happened so suddenly.



一切都发生得那么突然。



3. either


(1) either

< br>作副词,意为“也不”


,用在否定句中。例如:











He can



t play the violin. I can



t, either.


他不会拉小提琴,我也不会。








(2) either


pron.



(两者中)任意一个。例如:










There are many trees on either side of the street.


在街道的每一边都有很多树。








(3) either



or



为连词短语,


连接两个相同的句子成分,


意为


“要么??要么??;


或者??


或者??;不是??就是??”


。例如:










He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend.



在周末,他要么待在家里,要么拜访朋友。



They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.



他们不是明天来,就是后天来。



【注意】



either



or



连接两个主语时,


谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致,


即遵< /p>


循就近原则。例如:



Either I or he is on duty today.


今天不是我值日,就是他值日。



4. light



1


< br>light


作不可数名词,意为“光;光亮;光线”


。例 如:



The sun gives out light and heat.


太阳发出光和热。



He read the letter by the light of the candle.


他在烛光下读那封信。



2



light


作可数名词,意为“电灯;光源”


。例如


;


Don



t cross the road when the traffic lights are red.


当交通灯是红色时,不要横穿马路。









































3



light


作形容词,意为“轻的;浅色的”


。例如:


Is the box heavy or light?


那箱子是重还是轻?



I like the light green dress.


我喜欢哪件浅绿色的裙子。




4



light


作动 词,意为“点燃;照亮”


。例如:



He sat down and lit a cigarette.



他坐下来,点了一支烟。



5. beat


beat


是及物动词,有以下用法:








(1)


意为“赢;打败;战胜”< /p>


,后接人或某一团队、组织等,其过去式为


beat


。例如:



I beat him at long jump yesterday.


昨天跳远我赢了他。








(2)


意为“打;击”

< p>
,表示连续不断的打击。例如:








Who is beating the drum?


谁在打鼓?








(3)


表示“


(心脏)等跳动”


。例如:








I feel my heart is beating fast.


我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。



【拓展】








bea t



win


都有“赢”的意思,但用法 不同:








beat


的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、


组织;



win


的宾语为比赛或某个项目,


过去式为

< br>won



例如:








Though we were weak, we beat them.


虽然我们弱,但我们赢了他们。








Who won the first prize in the competition?


谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖?



6. against


against


是介词,其用法如下:








(1)


反对,违反。对应的反义词 为


for


,常用于


be against sb. / sth.


反对某人


/

< p>
某事



例如:









Are most people against having a part-time job?


大多数人反对做兼职工作吗?








(2)


和??交战(指竞争、比赛等)


。例如:









We



ll have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week.









下星期我们将于二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。








(3)


碰、撞、擦。例如:









Rain beats against the window.


雨打在窗户上。








(4)


倚着、靠着。例如:










There was a ladder propped up(


支撑


) against the wall.


一把梯子靠着墙。








(5)


防备,抗??。例如:










She saved money against old age.


她攒钱防老。








(6)


逆着??。例如:










We are sailing against the wind.


我们(的船)正逆风航行。








(7)


衬托,相映,对照。例如:



Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky.


红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。



7. try


try


作动词,意为“ 尝试,努力”


。主要用法如下:




1




t


ry to do sth.


意为 “设法去做某事,尽量去做某事”


,其否定形式为


try not to do sth.




例如:



Try not to be late again.








































尽量别再迟到了。



Try to get here in two hours.




尽量在两小时之内到达。




2



try doing sth.


意为“试着做某事”


,强调尝试做某事 。例如:



You should try eating more vegetables.



你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。




3



try one



s best to do sth.


意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”


。例如:



We should try our best to finish the work on time.



我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。



8. hard/hardly


hardly



hard


形式上很接近,但意义截然不同。




1



hard


作形容词时,意为“困难的;硬的;勤奋的;严厉的;苛刻的”




hard


作副 词时常用来表示程度,意为“努力地;猛烈地;剧烈地”


。例如:



I work hard at school.


我在学校努力学习。



This ground is too hard to dig.


这块地太硬,挖不动。



They tried hard to succeed.


他们努力工作,以求得成功。



【拓展】



work hard at



意为“努力于??”


。例如:




He is working hard at English.


他正在努力学习英语。


< p>


2



hardly


是表频率的副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”


,相当于


almost not


,并非


hard



副词形式。例如:



There is hardly any coffee left.


= There’s almost no coffee left.


几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。



词汇精练



I.


英汉短语互译。



1


.沉默;无声


________





2



remember to do ________


3


.首先;最初


________





4



have fun doing sth



________


5


.感觉;好像


________





6



on the playground ________


7



(


闹钟


)


发出响声


_______ 8



report sth


.


to sb


.


________


9


.逐渐变弱、消失


________ 10



fall asleep _____________


II.


根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。



1



Maybe there will be a thunder ________


(


暴 风雨


)




2



My mind _______ _


(


突然


)


switched back to my conversation with Jeremy




3



The smoker tossed away the lighted ________


(


火柴


)


and so caused a fire




4



I can



t read while you are standing in my ________


(


光线


)




5



It was _______< /p>


(


报道


)


that there was going to be a football match




6



The farm is about 50 or 60 square kilometers in the ________


(


地区


)




7



You should fly your kite a ________ the wind




8



It rained so __ ______


(



)

< br> last night that the lake is full of water now




9



John was very tired



He soon fell a ________




10



I just want to b________ this bad guy




III.


用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。



1



I guess from his red eyes that he has been working too _____ (hard) recently




2



Please remember _______


(


clean


)


the room after work




3



Wish you have fun _______


(


learn


)


English this term




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