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Chinese New Year
Celebration is the most important celebration of
the year.
Chinese people may celebrate
the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways
but their wishes are almost the same;
they want their family members and
friends to be healthy and lucky during
next year.
春节庆祝活动是一年中最重要的庆祝活动。
中国人庆祝春节的方式可能略微不同,
但其愿望
几乎是相同
的,他们希望其家人和朋友来年健康和幸运。
Chinese
New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.
Celebratory activities
include Chinese
New Feast,
firecrackers
,
giving lucky money to children, the
New
Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.
Most of Chinese people
will stop the
celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New
Year because the
national holiday
usually ends around that day, however celebrations
in public
areas can last until the 15th
day of New Year.
春节庆祝活动通常持续
1
5
天。庆祝活动包括春节的年夜饭,放鞭炮,给儿童压岁钱,春节
钟声和春节问候。大多数中国人将在春节的第
7
天停止庆祝活
动,因为全国性节假通常在
这一天结束,但在公共场所的庆祝活动可能最终持续到正月十
五。
House Cleaning
房屋打扫
To clean
houses on the New Year Eve is a very old custom
dating back to
thousands of years ago.
The dust is traditionally associated with “old” so
cleaning their houses and sweeping the
dust mean to bid farewell to the “old”
and
usher
in the
“new”. Days before the New Year,
Chinese families clean their
houses,
sweeping the floor, washing daily things, cleaning
the spider webs and
dredging
the ditches. People do all these things happily in
the hope of a good
coming year.
春节打扫房屋这个非常古老的习俗甚至可以追溯到几千年前。
灰尘在传统上与<
/p>
“
旧
”
联系在一
起,所以打扫房屋和扫除灰尘意味着辞
“
旧
”
迎
“
新
”
。春节的前几天,中国的各家各户都打扫
房屋,扫地,清洗日用品,清除蛛网和疏浚沟渠。人们兴高采烈做所有这些事情,希望来年
< br>好运。
House decoration
房屋装饰
One of the
house decorations is to post couplets on doors. On
the Spring Festival
couplets, good
wishes are expressed. New Year couplets are
usually posted in
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pairs as
even numbers are associated with good luck and
auspiciousness
in
Chinese culture.
房屋装饰之一就是在门上
贴对联。在春联上,
抒发良好的祝愿。春联通常是成对张贴,
因
为
双数在中国文化中是好运气和吉祥的象征。
People in north China are used to
posting paper-cut on their windows. When
sticking the window decoration paper-
cuts, people paste on the door large red
Chinese character “fu”A red
ck and fortune, so it is customary
to post
在中国北方,
人们习
惯于在窗户上贴剪纸。
人们既在窗户上贴剪纸,
又在大门上贴上
大大的
红色汉字
“
福
< br>”
字,一个红色
“
福
”
字意味着好运和财富,因此习惯上在婚礼,节日之类的吉祥
场合中,人们都会在门或墙上贴
“
福
”
字。
Waiting
for the First Bell Ringing of Chinese New Year
等待春节的第一声钟鸣
The
first bell ringing is the symbol of Chinese New
Year. Chinese people like to
go to a
large squares where there are huge bells are set
up on New Year’s Eve.
As the New Year
approaches they count down and celebrate together.
The
people believe that the ringing of
huge bell can drive all the bad luck away and
bring the fortune to them. In recent
years, some people have begun going to
mountain temples to wait for the first
ringing. Hanshan Temple in Suzhou, is
very famous temple for its first
ringing of the bell to
herald
Chinese New Year.
Many foreigners now go to Hanshan
Temple to celebrate Chinese New Year.
第
一次钟声是春节的象征。
中国人喜欢到一个大广场,
那里有为除
夕设置的大钟。
随着春节
的临近,他们开始倒计数并一起庆祝。
人们相信了大钟的撞响可以驱除霉运,带来好运。近
年来,
有些
人开始去山上寺庙等待第一次钟声。
苏州的寒山寺就非常著名,
它的钟声宣布春
节的到来。现在有许多外国人也去寒山寺庆祝春节。
Staying up late (
熬夜(
“
守岁
”
)
Shousui means to stay up late or
all night on New Year's Eve. After the great
dinner, families sit together and chat
happily to wait
for the New Year’s
arrival.
守岁意味着除夕夜不睡觉。年夜饭后,家人
聚坐一起,愉快聊天,等待春节的到来。
New Year
Feast
年夜饭
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Spring
Festival is a time for family reunion. The New
Year's Feast is
banquet with all the
family members getting together. The food eaten on
the
New Year Eve banquet varies
according to regions. In south China, It is
customary to eat
glutinous
rice flour)
because as a homophone, niangao means
the north, a traditional dish for the
feast is
crescent
moon.
春节是与家人团聚的时间。
年夜饭是所有家庭成员聚在一起
“
必须
”
的宴会。
除夕宴会上吃的
食物根据不同的地区各不相同。在中国南方,习惯吃
p>
“
年糕
”
(糯米粉
制成的新年糕点),因
为作为一个同音字,年糕意味着
“
步步高升
”
。在北方,年夜饭的传统饭是
p>
“
饺子
”
或像月牙
儿
形的汤圆。
Setting
Firecrackers
燃放鞭炮
Lighting Firecrackers used to be one of
the most important customs in the
Spring Festival celebration. However,
concerning the danger and the negative
noises that lighting firecrackers may
bring, the government has banned this
practice in many major cities. But
people in small towns and rural areas still hold
to this traditional celebration. Right
as the clock strikes 12 o'clock midnight of
New Year's Eve, cities and towns are
lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and
the sound can be deafening. Families
stay up for this joyful moment and kids
with firecrackers in one hand and a
lighter in another cheerfully light their
happiness in this especial occasion,
even though they plug their ears.
放鞭炮曾是
春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。
然而,
担心燃放鞭炮可能会
带来危险和烦人
的噪音,
政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮
。
但在小城镇和农村地区的人们仍然坚持这
种传统的庆祝活动。
除夕夜一旦时钟撞响午夜
12
点钟,<
/p>
城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映
亮,鞭炮声震耳欲聋。一家人熬
夜就为这个欢乐的时刻,
孩子们一手拿鞭炮,一手拿火机兴
高采
烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐,尽管他们吓得捂着耳朵。
New Year Greetings(Bai Nian)
春节的问候(拜年)
On the
first day of the New Year or shortly thereafter,
everybody wears new
clothes and greets
relatives and friends with bows and Gongxi
(congratulations),
wishing each other
good luck, happiness during the new year. In
Chinese
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villages,
some villagers may have hundreds of relatives so
they have to spend
more than two weeks
visiting their relatives.
在春节第一天或此后不久,<
/p>
大家都穿着新衣服,
带着弓向亲戚和朋友打招呼并恭喜
(祝贺)
,
彼此祝愿在新的一年里好运,幸福。<
/p>
在中国农村,有些村民可能有数以百计的亲戚,
所以他
们不得不拿出两个多星期来走亲访友。
On
the first day of the new year, it’s
customary
for the younger
generations to
visit the elders,
wishing them healthy and longevity.
春节第
一天,按习惯,小一辈人要拜见老一辈,祝愿他们健康长寿。
Because visiting relatives and friends
takes a lot of time, now, some busy people
will send New Year cards to express
their good wishes rather than pay a visit
personally.
因为探亲访友花费大量时间,
所以,
现在有些忙碌的人就送春节贺卡来表达他们的良好祝愿,
而不是亲自去拜访。
Lucky
Money
压岁钱
It is
the money given to kids from their parents and
grandparents as New Year
gift. The
money is believed to bring good luck, ward off
monsters
; hence the
name
especially-made red
envelopes and give the red envelopes to their kids
after the
New Year's Feast or when they
come to visit them on the New Year. They choose
to put the money in red envelopes
because Chinese people think red is a lucky
color. They want to give their children
both lucky money and lucky color.
这是孩子们
的父母和祖父母给他们作为春节礼物的钱。
压岁钱据说能带来好运,
能驱魔;
因
此,
就有了
“
压岁钱
”
的称呼。
p>
父母和祖父母先把钱放入特制的小红包里,
年夜饭后或当孩子
们来拜年时,
将红包发给他们。
他们之所以要
把钱放到红包里,
是因为中国人认为红色是个
幸运色。他们想给
自己孩子既有压岁钱还有幸运色。
‘
中国新年(
Chinese New
Year
)
’
或
‘
春节(
Spring Festival
< br>)
’
是最重要的中
国传统节日<
/p>
(
traditional Chinese holiday<
/p>
)
,
也叫
‘
p>
农历新年
(
Lunar New Year
)
’
。
这个节
日从农历正月初一(
the first day of the first
lunar month in the Chinese
calendar
)
开始,
直到正月十五元宵节
< br>(
Lantern Festival
)
结束。
除夕
(
Chinese
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New Year's E
ve
)
的字面含义是
‘Year
-
pass Eve’
。
据说当初春节是为了纪念与一
头叫做
‘
年
’
的神话野兽进行的斗争
(
p>
fight against a mythical beast called
'Nian'
)
。
中国的阴阳历(
lunisolar
calendar
)而不是公历(
Gregorian cal
endar
)决
定了春节的日期。天干(
heavenly stems
)和地支(
earthly
branches
)用来纪
年。阴阳(
yin and yang
)与五行(
the five
elements of Chinese astrology
)也
< br>用来描述一个具体年份。很多人混淆了他的农历生年(
Chinese
birth-year
)和
公历生年(
Gregorian birth-
year
)。有些算命的人(
sign calculator
s
)也会混淆
农历和阳历。
12
年形成一个属相(
animal
zodiac
)循环(
cycle
);
60
年形成一个综合
循环。
十二属相
(
zodiac animal sig
ns
)
包括:
鼠
(
rat
)
、
牛
(
ox
)
、
虎
(
tiger
)
、
兔(
rabbit
)、龙(
dragon
)、蛇(
< br>snake
)、马(
horse
)、羊(
ram/sheep
)、
猴(
monkey
)、鸡(
rooster
)、狗(
dog
)与猪(
pig
)。
春节在很多国家和地区(
countries and
territories
)都是公共假期(
public
p>
holiday
),包括中国大陆、中国台湾、中国香港、中国澳门
、马来西亚、新加
坡、文莱(
Brunei
)、印度尼西亚和菲律宾。还有一些国家以其它方式纪念中国
春节,包括澳大利亚、
加拿大、法国、新西兰和美国等。在正式假期(
official
holiday
)前后,庆祝活动(
celebratio
ns/festivities
)一直在进行。各国对春节规
定
的法定假期(
statutory
holiday
)长短不一。
春节期
间的庆祝活动中最重要的是拜访亲朋好友
(
visits to
kin, relatives and
friends
),
即
‘
拜年(
new-year vis
its
)
’
。青年人(
juniors
)和孩子(
children
)
可以从已婚者(
the
married
)和长辈(
the
elders
)那里拿到红包(
red
packets/envelope
)
。
红包也叫压岁钱,
是从
‘
压祟钱<
/p>
(
the money used to suppress
or put down the evil spirits
)
’
发展而来。钱数应为偶数(
eve
n
numbers
),因
为奇数(
odd
numbers
)不吉利。数字
4
被认
为不吉利,因为和
‘
死
’
同音(
a
homophone with dea
th
);数字
8
吉利,因为和
‘
发(
wealth
)
’
同音。互赠礼物
(
< br>gift exchange
)也是人们之间常有的事儿。
春节前一般要彻底打扫卫生(
a thorough clea
ning
),以扫掉前一年的坏运
气
(
to sweep away the bad luck of the
preceding year
)
并迎接好运
< br>(
to be ready
for good
luck
)。房间要用带有吉利话(
auspicious
phrases
)的剪纸(
paper
cutouts
)和春联(
couplets
)进行装饰。信佛(
Buddhism
)和信道(
p>
Taoism
)
的人会将神坛(
altar
)与塑像(
statues
)清理干净。某些地区的人会有
‘
送神
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(
sending the God home
)
’
的仪式。
灶王爷
(
Kitchen God
)
< br>的纸人
(
paper effigy
)
会被烧掉以便让他去向玉帝(
Jade
Emperor
)汇报这家人的好事(
good deeds<
/p>
)
和劣迹(
transgression
s
)。
除夕最大的事儿就是吃团圆饭(
reunion dinner
),与西方的圣诞晚餐
(
Christ
mas dinner
)的重要性类似。年夜饭上往往会有鱼,但某些地区的人不
吃它,留到第二天,以示
‘
年年有余(
May there be surpluses every year
),因
为在汉语中
‘
鱼(
fish
)
’
与
‘
余(
surplus
)
’
同音。在北方(
norther
n China
),习
惯上一定会在饭后开始包饺子(
dumpling/jiaozi
)并在午夜(
around midnight
)
煮食。饺子象征财富(
p>
wealth
),因为它外形像银锭(
Ch
inese tael
)。在南方
(
s
outhern
China
),通常要做年糕(
niangao/new
year cake
)。它的汉语发音
表示越来越富有(
increasingly prosperous
)。现代的人们有
时会进行倒计时
(
countdown
)来迎接春节。从上世纪八十年代开始,中国中央电视台春节联欢
晚会(
CCTV New Year's Gala
)会在每年的春节到来前开始播出
。鞭炮
(
firecrackers
)
和焰火(
fireworks
)也是制造节日气氛的重要工具,
不过在很
多城市被禁放(
banned
)以防止火灾(
fire hazards
)。政府会组织大型
焰火
(
large-scale
fireworks
)燃放来庆祝节日。
初一从
‘
接神(
welcomin
g the deities of the heavens and earth
)
’
开始,随
后就是拜年等活动。初二是
已婚妇女回娘家(
for married daughters to visit
their
birth families/parents
)的日子。有些人认为初三、初四不适合拜年,而适合上
坟(
g
rave-visiting
)。初五被认为是财神爷(
god
of wealth/fortune god
)的生
日。正月
十五要吃元宵(
rice dumplings: a sweet
glutinous rice ball brewed in a
soup
)。户外还要燃起蜡烛(
candles
)以
引领游魂(
wayward spirits
)回到自
己的家。人们也会提着点燃的灯笼(
lighted
lanterns
)逛街。
春节期间
也有一些令局外人困惑的迷信(
superstitious beliefs
)或者传统文
化观念(
traditional
cultural
beliefs
)。比如贴红菱形纸(
red
diamond-shaped
poster
)
的
‘
福
(
< br>auspiciousness
)
’
字。
它常常被倒着贴
(
hangi
ng upside down
)
,
因
为汉语的
‘
倒(
upside dow
n
)
’
与
‘<
/p>
到(
arrive
)
’
是同音字(
homophones
)。金
元宝(
yuanbao
ingots
)象征财富。除了春联,年画(
New Year
pictures
)、中
国结
(
Chinese knots
)
、
剪纸
(
papercutting
)
等都用来增加气氛。
舞龙
(
dragon
dance
)和舞狮(
lion da
nce
)也是人们庆祝春节的传统活动。人们打招呼会说
一些吉
祥话,
如
‘
新年快乐
< br>(
Happy New Year
)
’
、
‘
恭喜发财
< br>(
Congratulations and
be p
rosperous
)
’
、
‘
岁岁平安(
Everlasting
peace year after year
)
’
等。
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The Spring
Festival is the most important festival for the
Chinese people and is when all family
members get together,
春节是我国民间最重要的传统节日,这是一家团聚的时刻
,
just like Christmas in the West.
就像西方的圣诞节一样
.
It
originated in the Shang Dynasty from the people's
sacrifices to gods and ancestors
春节起源于殷商时期祭神祭祖活动,
at the end of an old year and the
beginning of a new one.
在辞旧迎新之际。
During
the last ten days before Spring Festival,
在春节前最后十天,
store
owners are busy as everybody goes out to purchase
necessities for the New Year.
大小商铺生意兴隆,因为人们都忙于置年货。
Materials not only include edible oil,
rice, poultry, fish and meat, but also fruit,
candies and all
kinds of nuts.
< br>年货包括油、米、鸡、鸭、鱼、肉,还有糖饵果品及各式各样的果仁。
What's more, various
decorations, new clothes and shoes for the
children
除此之外,人们还要准备各种各样的装饰
物,为小孩子添置新衣新鞋,
as
well as gifts for the elderly, friends and
relatives are all on the list of purchasing.
以及准备过年时走亲访友、孝敬长辈的礼品。
Before the New Year comes, people
completely clean the inside and outside of their
homes.
春节前,人们会把屋子里里外外都打扫得干干净净。
Then they begin decorating their clean
rooms with an atmosphere of joy and festivity.
然后,他们会把家装饰得充满节日气氛
All the door panels will be pasted with
Spring Festival couplets.
门的两侧贴上春联,
Also,
pictures of the gods of doors and wealth will be
posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits
大门前还要贴上门神和财神的画像以避邪
and welcome peace and abundance. Red
paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass.
迎福。在窗户玻璃上贴上红色剪纸。
According to custom, each family will
stay up to count down for the New Year on the eve
of the
Spring Festival.
按照传统,除夕晚上全家老少都要一起熬夜守岁,倒数新年。
Lighting firecrackers was once the most
typical custom during the Spring Festival.
在过去,点爆竹是春节最典型的习俗。
People thought the banging and popping
could help drive away evil spirits.
人们认为鞭炮齐鸣能驱赶邪气。
Children will get money as a New Year's
gift, wrapped up in red packets.
孩子会得到装在红包里的压岁钱。
A
series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon
lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple
fairs will be held for days.
一系列的春节活动,比如舞狮子、耍龙灯、演社火、逛庙会等都将持续数天。
The Spring Festival then
comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is over.
直到元宵节过后,春节才算真正结束。
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