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春节习俗英文表达说课讲解

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-26 07:13
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2021年2月26日发(作者:admit的用法)


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Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.


Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways


but their wishes are almost the same; they want their family members and


friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.


春节庆祝活动是一年中最重要的庆祝活动。

中国人庆祝春节的方式可能略微不同,


但其愿望


几乎是相同 的,他们希望其家人和朋友来年健康和幸运。



Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days. Celebratory activities


include Chinese New Feast,


firecrackers


, giving lucky money to children, the


New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings. Most of Chinese people


will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the


national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public


areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.


春节庆祝活动通常持续


1 5


天。庆祝活动包括春节的年夜饭,放鞭炮,给儿童压岁钱,春节


钟声和春节问候。大多数中国人将在春节的第


7


天停止庆祝活 动,因为全国性节假通常在


这一天结束,但在公共场所的庆祝活动可能最终持续到正月十 五。



House Cleaning


房屋打扫



To clean houses on the New Year Eve is a very old custom dating back to


thousands of years ago. The dust is traditionally associated with “old” so


cleaning their houses and sweeping the dust mean to bid farewell to the “old”


and


usher


in the


“new”. Days before the New Year, Chinese families clean their


houses, sweeping the floor, washing daily things, cleaning the spider webs and


dredging


the ditches. People do all these things happily in the hope of a good


coming year.


春节打扫房屋这个非常古老的习俗甚至可以追溯到几千年前。


灰尘在传统上与< /p>





联系在一


起,所以打扫房屋和扫除灰尘意味着辞









。春节的前几天,中国的各家各户都打扫

房屋,扫地,清洗日用品,清除蛛网和疏浚沟渠。人们兴高采烈做所有这些事情,希望来年

< br>好运。



House decoration


房屋装饰



One of the house decorations is to post couplets on doors. On the Spring Festival


couplets, good wishes are expressed. New Year couplets are usually posted in


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pairs as even numbers are associated with good luck and


auspiciousness


in


Chinese culture.


房屋装饰之一就是在门上 贴对联。在春联上,


抒发良好的祝愿。春联通常是成对张贴,


因 为


双数在中国文化中是好运气和吉祥的象征。



People in north China are used to posting paper-cut on their windows. When


sticking the window decoration paper- cuts, people paste on the door large red


Chinese character “fu”A red


ck and fortune, so it is customary


to post


在中国北方,


人们习 惯于在窗户上贴剪纸。


人们既在窗户上贴剪纸,


又在大门上贴上 大大的


红色汉字



< br>”


字,一个红色



< p>


字意味着好运和财富,因此习惯上在婚礼,节日之类的吉祥


场合中,人们都会在门或墙上贴





字。



Waiting for the First Bell Ringing of Chinese New Year


等待春节的第一声钟鸣



The first bell ringing is the symbol of Chinese New Year. Chinese people like to


go to a large squares where there are huge bells are set up on New Year’s Eve.


As the New Year approaches they count down and celebrate together. The


people believe that the ringing of huge bell can drive all the bad luck away and


bring the fortune to them. In recent years, some people have begun going to


mountain temples to wait for the first ringing. Hanshan Temple in Suzhou, is


very famous temple for its first ringing of the bell to


herald


Chinese New Year.


Many foreigners now go to Hanshan Temple to celebrate Chinese New Year.


第 一次钟声是春节的象征。


中国人喜欢到一个大广场,


那里有为除 夕设置的大钟。


随着春节


的临近,他们开始倒计数并一起庆祝。 人们相信了大钟的撞响可以驱除霉运,带来好运。近


年来,


有些 人开始去山上寺庙等待第一次钟声。


苏州的寒山寺就非常著名,


它的钟声宣布春


节的到来。现在有许多外国人也去寒山寺庆祝春节。


Staying up late (


熬夜(

< p>


守岁





Shousui means to stay up late or all night on New Year's Eve. After the great


dinner, families sit together and chat happily to wait


for the New Year’s arrival.



守岁意味着除夕夜不睡觉。年夜饭后,家人 聚坐一起,愉快聊天,等待春节的到来。



New Year Feast


年夜饭



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Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. The New Year's Feast is


banquet with all the family members getting together. The food eaten on the


New Year Eve banquet varies according to regions. In south China, It is


customary to eat


glutinous


rice flour)


because as a homophone, niangao means


the north, a traditional dish for the feast is


crescent


moon.


春节是与家人团聚的时间。


年夜饭是所有家庭成员聚在一起



必须



的宴会。


除夕宴会上吃的


食物根据不同的地区各不相同。在中国南方,习惯吃



年糕



(糯米粉 制成的新年糕点),因


为作为一个同音字,年糕意味着



步步高升



。在北方,年夜饭的传统饭是



饺子



或像月牙 儿


形的汤圆。



Setting Firecrackers


燃放鞭炮



Lighting Firecrackers used to be one of the most important customs in the


Spring Festival celebration. However, concerning the danger and the negative


noises that lighting firecrackers may bring, the government has banned this


practice in many major cities. But people in small towns and rural areas still hold


to this traditional celebration. Right as the clock strikes 12 o'clock midnight of


New Year's Eve, cities and towns are lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and


the sound can be deafening. Families stay up for this joyful moment and kids


with firecrackers in one hand and a lighter in another cheerfully light their


happiness in this especial occasion, even though they plug their ears.


放鞭炮曾是 春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。


然而,


担心燃放鞭炮可能会 带来危险和烦人


的噪音,


政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮 。


但在小城镇和农村地区的人们仍然坚持这


种传统的庆祝活动。


除夕夜一旦时钟撞响午夜


12


点钟,< /p>


城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映


亮,鞭炮声震耳欲聋。一家人熬 夜就为这个欢乐的时刻,


孩子们一手拿鞭炮,一手拿火机兴


高采 烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐,尽管他们吓得捂着耳朵。



New Year Greetings(Bai Nian)


春节的问候(拜年)



On the first day of the New Year or shortly thereafter, everybody wears new


clothes and greets relatives and friends with bows and Gongxi (congratulations),


wishing each other good luck, happiness during the new year. In Chinese


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villages, some villagers may have hundreds of relatives so they have to spend


more than two weeks visiting their relatives.


在春节第一天或此后不久,< /p>


大家都穿着新衣服,


带着弓向亲戚和朋友打招呼并恭喜

< p>
(祝贺)



彼此祝愿在新的一年里好运,幸福。< /p>


在中国农村,有些村民可能有数以百计的亲戚,


所以他

< p>
们不得不拿出两个多星期来走亲访友。



On the first day of the new year, it’s


customary


for the younger generations to


visit the elders, wishing them healthy and longevity.


春节第 一天,按习惯,小一辈人要拜见老一辈,祝愿他们健康长寿。



Because visiting relatives and friends takes a lot of time, now, some busy people


will send New Year cards to express their good wishes rather than pay a visit


personally.


因为探亲访友花费大量时间,


所以,


现在有些忙碌的人就送春节贺卡来表达他们的良好祝愿,


而不是亲自去拜访。



Lucky Money


压岁钱



It is the money given to kids from their parents and grandparents as New Year


gift. The money is believed to bring good luck, ward off


monsters


; hence the


name


especially-made red envelopes and give the red envelopes to their kids after the


New Year's Feast or when they come to visit them on the New Year. They choose


to put the money in red envelopes because Chinese people think red is a lucky


color. They want to give their children both lucky money and lucky color.


这是孩子们 的父母和祖父母给他们作为春节礼物的钱。


压岁钱据说能带来好运,

能驱魔;



此,


就有了

< p>


压岁钱



的称呼。


父母和祖父母先把钱放入特制的小红包里,


年夜饭后或当孩子


们来拜年时,


将红包发给他们。


他们之所以要 把钱放到红包里,


是因为中国人认为红色是个


幸运色。他们想给 自己孩子既有压岁钱还有幸运色。





中国新年(


Chinese New Year






春节(


Spring Festival

< br>)



是最重要的中


国传统节日< /p>



traditional Chinese holiday< /p>




也叫



农历新年



Lunar New Year





这个节 日从农历正月初一(


the first day of the first lunar month in the Chinese


calendar



开始,


直到正月十五元宵节

< br>(


Lantern Festival



结束。


除夕



Chinese


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New Year's E ve



的字面含义是


‘Year


-


pass Eve’


据说当初春节是为了纪念与一


头叫做




的神话野兽进行的斗争



fight against a mythical beast called 'Nian'





中国的阴阳历(


lunisolar calendar


)而不是公历(


Gregorian cal endar


)决


定了春节的日期。天干(


heavenly stems


)和地支(


earthly branches


)用来纪


年。阴阳(


yin and yang


)与五行(


the five elements of Chinese astrology


)也

< br>用来描述一个具体年份。很多人混淆了他的农历生年(


Chinese birth-year


)和


公历生年(


Gregorian birth- year


)。有些算命的人(


sign calculator s


)也会混淆


农历和阳历。



12


年形成一个属相(


animal zodiac


)循环(


cycle


);


60


年形成一个综合


循环。

< p>
十二属相



zodiac animal sig ns



包括:




rat






ox






tiger



兔(


rabbit

< p>
)、龙(


dragon


)、蛇(

< br>snake


)、马(


horse


)、羊(


ram/sheep


)、


猴(


monkey


)、鸡(


rooster


)、狗(


dog


)与猪(


pig


)。



春节在很多国家和地区(


countries and territories


)都是公共假期(


public


holiday


),包括中国大陆、中国台湾、中国香港、中国澳门 、马来西亚、新加


坡、文莱(


Brunei

)、印度尼西亚和菲律宾。还有一些国家以其它方式纪念中国


春节,包括澳大利亚、 加拿大、法国、新西兰和美国等。在正式假期(


official

holiday


)前后,庆祝活动(


celebratio ns/festivities


)一直在进行。各国对春节规


定 的法定假期(


statutory holiday


)长短不一。



春节期 间的庆祝活动中最重要的是拜访亲朋好友



visits to kin, relatives and


friends


), 即



拜年(


new-year vis its




。青年人(


juniors


)和孩子(


children



可以从已婚者(


the married


)和长辈(


the elders


)那里拿到红包(


red


packets/envelope



红包也叫压岁钱,


是从



压祟钱< /p>



the money used to suppress


or put down the evil spirits




发展而来。钱数应为偶数(


eve n numbers


),因


为奇数(


odd numbers


)不吉利。数字


4


被认 为不吉利,因为和





同音(


a


homophone with dea th


);数字


8


吉利,因为和



发(


wealth




同音。互赠礼物


< br>gift exchange


)也是人们之间常有的事儿。



春节前一般要彻底打扫卫生(


a thorough clea ning


),以扫掉前一年的坏运




to sweep away the bad luck of the preceding year



并迎接好运

< br>(


to be ready


for good luck


)。房间要用带有吉利话(


auspicious phrases


)的剪纸(


paper


cutouts


)和春联(


couplets


)进行装饰。信佛(


Buddhism


)和信道(


Taoism



的人会将神坛(

< p>
altar


)与塑像(


statues

< p>
)清理干净。某些地区的人会有



送神

< p>
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sending the God home




的仪式。


灶王爷



Kitchen God


< br>的纸人



paper effigy


会被烧掉以便让他去向玉帝(


Jade Emperor


)汇报这家人的好事(


good deeds< /p>



和劣迹(


transgression s


)。



除夕最大的事儿就是吃团圆饭(


reunion dinner


),与西方的圣诞晚餐



Christ mas dinner


)的重要性类似。年夜饭上往往会有鱼,但某些地区的人不


吃它,留到第二天,以示



年年有余(


May there be surpluses every year

),因


为在汉语中



鱼(


fish






余(


surplus




同音。在北方(


norther n China


),习


惯上一定会在饭后开始包饺子(


dumpling/jiaozi


)并在午夜(


around midnight



煮食。饺子象征财富(


wealth


),因为它外形像银锭(


Ch inese tael


)。在南方



s outhern China


),通常要做年糕(


niangao/new year cake


)。它的汉语发音


表示越来越富有(


increasingly prosperous


)。现代的人们有 时会进行倒计时



countdown


)来迎接春节。从上世纪八十年代开始,中国中央电视台春节联欢


晚会(


CCTV New Year's Gala


)会在每年的春节到来前开始播出 。鞭炮



firecrackers


) 和焰火(


fireworks


)也是制造节日气氛的重要工具, 不过在很


多城市被禁放(


banned


)以防止火灾(


fire hazards


)。政府会组织大型 焰火



large-scale fireworks


)燃放来庆祝节日。


初一从



接神(


welcomin g the deities of the heavens and earth




开始,随


后就是拜年等活动。初二是 已婚妇女回娘家(


for married daughters to visit their


birth families/parents


)的日子。有些人认为初三、初四不适合拜年,而适合上


坟(


g rave-visiting


)。初五被认为是财神爷(


god of wealth/fortune god


)的生


日。正月 十五要吃元宵(


rice dumplings: a sweet glutinous rice ball brewed in a


soup


)。户外还要燃起蜡烛(


candles


)以 引领游魂(


wayward spirits


)回到自


己的家。人们也会提着点燃的灯笼(


lighted lanterns


)逛街。



春节期间 也有一些令局外人困惑的迷信(


superstitious beliefs


)或者传统文


化观念(


traditional cultural beliefs


)。比如贴红菱形纸(


red diamond-shaped


poster






< br>auspiciousness



字。


它常常被倒着贴



hangi ng upside down




因 为汉语的



倒(


upside dow n





‘< /p>


到(


arrive



是同音字(


homophones


)。金


元宝(


yuanbao ingots


)象征财富。除了春联,年画(


New Year pictures


)、中


国结



Chinese knots



< p>
剪纸



papercutting



等都用来增加气氛。


舞龙



dragon


dance


)和舞狮(


lion da nce


)也是人们庆祝春节的传统活动。人们打招呼会说


一些吉 祥话,




新年快乐

< br>(


Happy New Year





恭喜发财

< br>(


Congratulations and


be p rosperous




< p>


岁岁平安(


Everlasting peace year after year



< p>
等。



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The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family


members get together,


春节是我国民间最重要的传统节日,这是一家团聚的时刻


,


just like Christmas in the West.


就像西方的圣诞节一样


.


It originated in the Shang Dynasty from the people's sacrifices to gods and ancestors


春节起源于殷商时期祭神祭祖活动,



at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.


在辞旧迎新之际。



During the last ten days before Spring Festival,


在春节前最后十天,



store owners are busy as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year.


大小商铺生意兴隆,因为人们都忙于置年货。



Materials not only include edible oil, rice, poultry, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and all


kinds of nuts.

< br>年货包括油、米、鸡、鸭、鱼、肉,还有糖饵果品及各式各样的果仁。




What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children



除此之外,人们还要准备各种各样的装饰 物,为小孩子添置新衣新鞋,




as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives are all on the list of purchasing.



以及准备过年时走亲访友、孝敬长辈的礼品。



Before the New Year comes, people completely clean the inside and outside of their homes.


春节前,人们会把屋子里里外外都打扫得干干净净。



Then they begin decorating their clean rooms with an atmosphere of joy and festivity.


然后,他们会把家装饰得充满节日气氛



All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets.


门的两侧贴上春联,



Also, pictures of the gods of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits


大门前还要贴上门神和财神的画像以避邪



and welcome peace and abundance. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass.


迎福。在窗户玻璃上贴上红色剪纸。



According to custom, each family will stay up to count down for the New Year on the eve of the


Spring Festival.


按照传统,除夕晚上全家老少都要一起熬夜守岁,倒数新年。



Lighting firecrackers was once the most typical custom during the Spring Festival.


在过去,点爆竹是春节最典型的习俗。



People thought the banging and popping could help drive away evil spirits.


人们认为鞭炮齐鸣能驱赶邪气。



Children will get money as a New Year's gift, wrapped up in red packets.


孩子会得到装在红包里的压岁钱。



A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple


fairs will be held for days.


一系列的春节活动,比如舞狮子、耍龙灯、演社火、逛庙会等都将持续数天。




The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is over.


直到元宵节过后,春节才算真正结束。



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