-
/.
Sentence Translation
Unit 1
Text A
1.
However,
the
volume
of
business
done
on
the
Internet
is
growing
rapidly,
as
people
order
books and other products to make money
transactions.
但是，因特网上的交易数量急速增长，人们从网上购书和
其他的产品，进行资金交易。
2.
They use them to prowl the Internet,
looking for ways to break into computers systems
run
by banks, telephone companies and
even government departments.
他们用电脑上网，
寻找能够进入银行电脑系统、
电话公司的电脑系统、
甚至是政府的电
脑系统的方式。
3.
The
first
indication
of
a
security
breach
may
be
when
a
customer
discovers
a
fraudulent
money transaction
on a credit card account.
当顾客发现信用卡的帐号上出
现了来历不明的消费时，
这可能就是安全受到了破坏的第
一个标
志。
4.
The use of credit cards to buy things
on the Internet converts the issue of Internet
security
into one of general security.
用信用卡在网上购物使网络安全变成了大众所普遍关注的安全的一种
5.
Few
people
think
twice
about
giving
a
credit
card
number
over
the
phone
and
many
are
equally
careless about what happens to the carbon copy
when completing a transaction over
the
counter.
很多人会在电话里随意报出自己的信用卡号码，
同样地，
也有很多人不留意交易完成后
放在银行柜台上的副
本。
（此句翻译要注意习语，还要正确划分句子的语法结构。
）
6.
These are atta
ched to
documents or messages being received, and lodge in
computer’s hard
drive.
这些病毒藏在收到的文件或邮件上，进入到电脑的硬盘。
Text B
1.
Processing
means
handling
or
manipulating
the
material
that
has
been
presented
to
the
machine
in
such
ways
as
performing
calculations,
classifying
information,
or
making
comparisons.
数据处理就是以计算、分类、比较
的方式来处理那些预先存放到机器中的资料。
（此句的翻译要
注意的有被动形式的定语从句，还有状语的翻译。
）
2.
A computer is
made of millions of electronic devices that can
store the data or switch them
through
complete circuits with different functions at
incredible speeds.
电脑是由数以百万的电子装置组成的，
能够通过具有不同功能的闭合电路，
以令人难以
置信的高速存储或转换数据。
（此句的翻译也是要注意定语从句和状语结构。
）
3.
We
have
all
heard
of
computers
plotting
the
course
of
rockets,
preparing
bank
statements,
predicting elections, forecasting
weather, and so forth.
我们都听说电脑用于火箭路线的设计
、银行文件的处理、选举预测、天气预报等。
4.
This is
probably due to the fact that computers perform
very complex operations in a very
short
time
—
seconds or even
fractions of a second.
这可能是因为电脑可以在极其短暂的
——几秒甚至是不到一秒的时间里完成非常复杂
的运行。
（此句
的翻译要点是同位语从句。
）
/.
5.
His job is to
determine what information is needed and what
operations the computer must
perform in
order to solve a problem.
他的工作就是决定计算机需要
什么信息，必须要完成哪些运行才能解决一个问题。
Unit 2
Text A
1.
Robots, becoming an increasingly prevalent adjunct
in factories and industrial plants throughout
the
developed
world,
are
programmed
and
engineered
mechanical
manipulators
designed
to
perform industrial tasks
without human intervention.
在发达国家的工厂和车间
里，
用机器人来充当助手越来越普及，
它是经设计并制造出来的
机
器手，可以独立从事各种工业活动。
2. Most of
today
’
s robots are employed
in the automotive industry, where they are
programmed to
take
over
such
assembly
line
operations
as
welding
and
spray
painting
automobile
and
truck
bodies.
当今的
机器人大多用于汽车工业，
他们代替人类从事装配线上的操作，
诸如给汽车和卡车焊
接、喷漆等。
3.
Robots
already
taking
over
human
tasks
in
the
automotive
field,
are
beginning
to
be
seen,
although
to a lesser degree in other industries as well.
在汽车行业，
机器人已经代替人类做许多事情，
这种机器人在其他行业也开始出现，
尽管还
不是很常见。<
/p>
4. Robots are more flexible
and adaptable and usually more transportable than
other machines.
机器人更灵活，更有适应性，并且通常比其它机器更易于移动。
5. It is not yet known whether robots
will one day have vision as good as human vision.
将来某一天机器人是否能够具备和人一样好的视力还未可知。
Text B
1.
But the fact
that others are starting to use it again suggests
that AI has moved on from being
seen as
an overambitious and under-achieving field of
research.
但其他人从新开始使用人工智能的事实
表明人工智能已从被视作是预期过高而成就很低的
研究领域摆脱出来。
< br>
2.
The
expression
provided
an
attractive
but
informative
name
for
a
research
program
that
encompassed
such
previously
disparate
fields
as
operations
research,
cybernetics,
logic
and
computer science.
这种措辞为一个之前包括如运筹学、
控制论、
逻辑学
和计算机科等不同的研究领域取了一个
迷人而且信息量十足的名字。
3.
By the late 1980s, the term AI was
being avoided by many researchers, who opted
instead to
align
themselves
with
specific
sub-disciplines
such
as
neural
networks,
agent
technology,
case-based
reasoning, a
nd so on’
.
在二十世纪八十年代末，很多研究人员避免使用人工智能这一术语，
他们选择进行更详细
的分支学科如神经网络学、代理技术、实证理论
等的研究。
4.
In particular,
the problem of information overload, exacerbated
by the growth of e-mail and
the
explosion
in
the
number
of
web
pages,
means
there
are
plenty
of
opportunities
for
new
technologies to help filter and
categories information - classic Al problems.
特别要指出的是，
信息超载、
电邮数量的激增以
及网页数量的急剧增加等问题意味着有大量
/.
的机会来研究
新技术以帮助需要信息分类的人工智能问题进行过滤和分类。
5.
It may be,
however, that the comparison with HAL no longer
seems quite so important, and
Al can
now be judged by what it can do, rather than by
how well it matches up to a 30-year-old
science-fiction film.
然而，
和
H
AL
的比较可能不再那么重要
。人们
现在能根据人工智能所作的工作而不是通
过它与一个三十年前的科幻电影有多吻合来判断
它的功能。
Unit 3
Text A
1.
There
is
new
and
stronger
evidence
that
most
of
the
warming
over
the
last
50
years
is
attributable to human activities.
新的、
更强有力的证据表明，
近五十年以来的气候变暖大部分是由于人类的活动造成的。
（此句翻译要运用词类转译的技巧）
2.
The
heat-trapping
property
of
these
gases
is
undisputed
although
uncertainties
exist
about
exactly how earth’s climate responds to
them.
这些气体具有吸热性是众所周知的，尽管这是否就
是地球气候变暖的原因仍有质疑。
（此句翻译要运用词类转译
的技巧，还要注意状语的翻译技巧。
）
3.
It
turns out that the global average temperature is
quite stable over long periods of time, and
small changes in that temperature
correspond to enormous changes in the environment.
结果表明，在相当长的时间内，全球平均气温都是相当稳定的，可极小的温度变化却意<
/p>
味着环境的巨大改变。
4.
Much of modern
human civilization owes its existence to the
stability in the average global
temperature
since
the
end
of
the
last
ice
age
---
a
stability
that
allowed
human
cultures
to
transition from roaming, hunter-
gatherer societies into more permanent,
agriculture-supported
communities.
自从上一个冰川纪末期以来，大部分人类文明的生存就是得益于全球稳定的平均气温。
这种稳定性使得人类文明能够从狩猎的游牧社会转变成生活更加稳定、
以农
业为生的农
耕社会。
5.
Unless we act
now, our children will inherit a hotter world,
dirtier air and water, more severe
floods and droughts, and more
wildfires.
除非我们马上行动起来，否则我们的孩子面对的世界将会是气候
更炎热，空气更污浊，
洪水泛滥，干旱肆虐，火灾频发。
Text B
1.
This
interest
has
been
driven
by
a
variety
of
factors,
including
concerns
about
increasing
waste
generation
and
dwindling
landfill
capacity,
air
pollution
from
incineration,
and
a
general appreciation of
the need for environmental protection.
多种因素促使人们更加关注
(
垃圾的处理
)/
这种兴趣的产生有很多因素，包括对垃圾越来
越多，垃圾
填埋场地越来越少，焚烧垃圾造成的空气污染越来越严重的担心；及对环境
保护的必要性
已形成的共识等。
（注意被动语态的翻译，平行结构的翻译。
）
2.
These
holistically address waste generation through
source reduction, reuse and recycling.
通过源头控制、再利用、再回收的方式形成完整的废物利用循环体系。
3.
In Germany,
recycling has been driven by public support for
sustainable development and by
/.
concerns about diminishing landfill
capacity.
在德国，为保证社会的可持续发展，和对垃圾场填埋能力不断缩小
的担心，公众大力支
持对垃圾进行循环利用。
（注意被动语态和定语结构的翻译）
4.
As
an
alternative,
companies
can
contract
with
a
third
party
to
collect
packaging
from
households and ensure
that government-specified recycling targets are
met.
或者，
企业也可以与第三方签订回收家庭包装的协议
，
以确保完成政府规定的回收目标。
（注意被动语态和宾语从句的翻译）
5.
As a result,
the country has relies on incineration as its
predominant means of waste disposal.
因此
，
日本主要以焚烧的方式来处理垃圾。
/
因此，
焚烧垃圾是日本主要的垃圾处理方式。
Unit 4
Text A
1.
Whether they
are used to run cars and buses or to make
electricity for other applications, fuel
cells operate by converting hydrogen to
electricity without combustion.
无论是用作轿车
和公汽的能源，
还是发电作其他的什么用途，
燃料电池都是无需
燃烧就
可将氢转化成电能。
2.
While
batteries alone haven't supplied the performance
most drivers want, proponents believe
that fuel cells, probably combined with
batteries, hold the promise of performance, range
and
better mileage, compared with
today's internal combustion engines.
尽管
单靠电池是不能满足大多数司机对于汽车性能的预期要求，
但燃料电池的支持者认
为，与目前的内燃机相比，或许燃料电池和电池一起使用是可以提供更好的性能、路程
和里程保证的。
（注意状语从句、定语从句、
宾语从句、分词短语的翻译。
）
3.
The
direct
method,
which
could
be
available
commercially
in
five
or
six
years,
would
use
different, lighter
stacks of plates that eliminate the need for a
reformer.
五、
六年以内就可能会有直接的方法，<
/p>
采用不同的、
更轻的金属板，
而且无需转
换装置。
4.
Marsh envisions fuel cells in lawn
mowers, snow-blowers, jet
skis
（水艇）
and other mobile
devices which now contribute to noise
and air pollution, and which don't run well on
batteries.
Marsh
设想，燃料电池可以用在割
草机、吹雪机、喷气式滑雪板（滑橇）和其他一些移
动设备上，这些东西产生噪音和空气
污染，并且用电池的效果不好。
5.
Cars with methanol fuel cells would do
little to change the regular routine of consumers
at the
filling station.
用甲醇燃
料电池的轿车用户加油的时候和其他的用户没什么不一样的。
Text B
1.
Using
biofuels
rather
than
oil
would
reduce
the
greenhouse
gases
that
accelerate
global
warming,
because
plants
absorb
carbon
dioxide
when
they
grow,
balancing
out
the
carbon
released when burned in cars or trucks.
使用生物燃料而不是石油可以减少温室气体的产生，因为温室气体加速全球气候变暖。<
/p>
而植物生长要吸收二氧化碳，这样就平衡了轿车、卡车释放出来的二氧化碳含量。
（定语从句转化成原因状语。分译原因状语从句，增译关联词，并注意
分词短语作状语
的翻译。
）
2.
But according
to a pair of studies published in the journal
Science
recently, biofuels
may not
fulfill that promise
—
and in fact,
may be worse for the climate than the fossil fuels
they're
/.
meant to
supplement.
但是，最近发表在科学杂志的一对研究报告并没有验证生物燃
料的这种作用。并且，事
实上，相对于要被取而代之的化石燃料来说，生物燃料对气候产
生的危害是有过之而无
不及。
（定语成分、比较结构的翻译，直
译和意译）
3.
Any climate change policy that
doesn’t take this fact into
account
doesn’t
work.
不把这个因素考虑在内，任何解决气候问题的措施
都将是无效的。
（增译）
4.
In their
paper, Fargione’s team calculated the “carbon
debt”
created by raising biofuel crops
—
the
amount
of
carbon
released
in
the
process
of
converting
natural
landscapes
into
cropland.
在他们的文章当中，
Fargione
的研究人员算出了用做生物燃料的农作物的生长形成的碳
债——即将自然景观转变成农田的过程中释放的碳的数量。
5.
Biofuels
are
one
of
the
few-alternative
fuels
that
are
actually
available
right
now,
but
the
evidence suggests we be
better off not relying on them.
生物燃料是目前
可以获得的为数极少的化石燃料的替代物之一，但证据表明，我们最好
是不要依赖它们。
（注意词类的转译和定语成分的翻译。
）
Unit 5
Text A
1.
We are constantly reminded that we live
in a world that is both dependent on and limited
by
materials.
很多东西都在不断地提醒我们，
我们生活的世界既依赖各种材料，又受限于这些材料。
2.
All of these
require materials specifically tailored for their
application.
这些东西都需要人们根据它们不同的用途来精心选材。
3.
Specific
properties
are
required
that
result
from
carefully
selecting
the
materials
and
from
controlling
the
manufacturing
processes
used
to
convert
the
basic
materials
into
the
final
engineered product.
人们需要考虑各种
材料特定的性质，通过精心选择以及控制生产加工的过程来把原材料
变成成品。
4.
The activities of these engineers range
from primary materials production, including
recycling,
through
the
design
and
development
of
new
materials
to
the
reliable
and
economical
processing/manufacturing for the final
product.
这些工程师们的研究活动有很多：
从原材料加工
（这包括设计和研发新材料来循环利用
< br>各种材料）
，到以经济可行的方式加工和生产最后的成品。
5.
Many
applications
are
limited
by
the
operating
constraints
imposed
by
the
properties
or
behavior of the materials
available.
现有材料材质的局限性限制了材料的应用。
6.
While
much
attention
is
being
focused
on
developing
metals,
ceramics,
polymers,
and
composites with improved
properties, the ability to actually engineer, or
create, materials to
meet specific
needs is just now being realized.
尽管备受关
注的是研发金属，陶瓷，聚合物与复合材料材质的改善，
但有
能力生产，
制造可以满足特定需求的材料现在也在渐渐变成现实。
Text B
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