《英语国家概况》期末复习题(含答案)

《英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案）

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I.

选择题

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U.K.

1.

The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ____ . D

A. passing the bills

B. advising the government

C. political parties

D. public attitude

2.

The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and

____ .

D

A. government intervention

B. nationalization of enterprises

C. social reform

D. a belief in individualism

3.

Oxford University

is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.

4.

Cabinet members are chosen by ____ in Britain.

B

A. the monarch

B. the Prime Minister

C. the Archbishop

D. the Lord Chancellor

5.

English belongs to the

Germanic

group of Indo- European family of languages.

6.

The Severn River

is the longest river in Britain.

7.

The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ____ .

A

A. Trooping the Color

B. Queen’s Christmas message

C. Boxing Day

D. Christmas pantomime

8.

Among

Britain’s

quality

press,

the

following

newspapers

are

regarded

as

the

“Big

Three”

with the exception of

TheObserver

.

9.

In 2012, Britain had a population of about

63

million.

10.

The two main islands of the British Isles are

Great Britain and Ireland

.

11.

British Prime Minister

Margaret Thatcher

once said that, “Britain and the United

States will

stand side by side”.

12.

The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ____ .

A

A. set up the National Health Services

B. improved public transportation

C. abolished the old tax system

D. enhanced the economic development

13.

Margaret Thatcher’s

government introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy

since World War II.

14.

Charles Dickens

is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19

th

century.

15.

The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ____ .

C

A. the frequent fog in winter

B. the large number of rainy days

C. extreme coldness even in summer

D. changeability all the year round

16.

Samuel

Johnson’s

dictionary

was

influential

in

establishing

a

st

andard

form

of

spelling

in

English.

17.

The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of

Latin and Greek

words

to English.

18.

____ was not among the four self- governing dominions in the British Empire.

C

A. Australia

B. Canada

C. India

D. the Union of South Africa

19.

Of

the

following

sectors

in

Britain,

service

industry

has

experienced

spectacular

growth

since the end of World War II.

20.

Cambridge

has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.

21.

Writers

of

____

literature

are

more

concerned

with

imagination

and

feeling

than

with

reason and intellect. C

A. Renaissance

B. Neo-Classical

C. Romantic

D. Victorian

22.

The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ____ .

C

A. the House of Valois

B. the House of York

C. the House of Tudor

D. the House of Lancaster

23.

Tourists

from

all

over

the

world

come

to

enjoy

the

beauty

of

Scottish

scenery,

to

drink

Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing

kilts

.

24.

The ____ marked the establishment of feudalism in England.

C

A. Viking invasion

B. signing of the Magna Carta

C. Norman Conquest

D. adoption of common law

25.

Commonwealth Day is an annual event celebrated on

the second Monday in March

each

year.

26.

Such big cities as Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the ____ .

D

A. oil industry

B. car industry

C. shipping companies

D. coalfields

27.

During the 15

th

and 16

th

centuries an intellectual movement known as ____ swept Europe.

____ was the greatest playwright of the world produced in this period in England.

D

A. Romance, Geoffrey Chaucer

B. Christianity, George Bernard Shaw

C. Italian literary influence, Sonnet

D. Renaissance, Shakespeare

28.

Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligation other than to strive for beauty---

“art

for art’s sake”. The most important representative of Aestheticism is ____ . B

A. Thomas Hardy

B. Oscar Wilde

C. Virginia Woolf

D. William Butler Yeats

29.

The

direct

cause

for

the

Religious

Reformation

was

King

Henry

VIII’s

effort

to

divorce

his

wife

.

30.

____ is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence”.

C

A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”

B.

Don Juan

C. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads”

D.

Prometheus Unbound

U.S.

31.

The U.S. lies in

central

North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the

Atlantic to its

east

and the Pacific to its

west

.

32.

“No

taxation

without

representation”

was

the

rallying

slogan

before

the

War

of

Independence

.

33.

The Constitution of the United States

tries to give each branch enough power to balance

the others

.

34.

The following except the

right to get into people’s house by police

are guaranteed in the Bill

of Rights.

35.

Of the following persons, the ____ can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S.

A

A. Secretary of State

B. President

C. Representative

D. Senator

36.

Of the following subjects,

politics

and

business

education

are NOT offered to elementary

school students in the U.S.

37.

Abraham Lincoln issued

Emancipation Proclamation

to grant freedom to all the slaves in the

U.S.

38.

The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are six and two years respectively.

39.

The National Day of the United States falls on

July 4

th

.

40.

Washington Irving

is regarded as “the father of American literature”.

41.

Higher education in the United States began with the founding of

Harvard University

.

42.

The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in

Lexington

.

43.

The

symbol

of

the

Democratic

Party

is

a/an

donkey

,

and

a/an

elephant

represents

the

Republican Party.

44.

The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the

Appalachian

Range

and the western part consists of high plateaus and the

Rocky Mountains

.

45.

Alaska

is the largest state in the whole United States and

Texas

is the largest state in the part

of the U.S. that is on the mainland.

46.

In

the

United

States,

the

Bill

of

Rights

guarantees

citizens

of

the

United

States

specific

individual rights and freedoms

.

47.

The modern American economy progressed from ____ to ____ , and eventually, to ____ . B

A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy

B. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economy

C. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy

D. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy

48.

The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of nine justices.

49.

The characteristic of dominant American culture is ____ .

B

A. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-class

B. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class

C. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-class

D. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class

50.

The

following

inventions

took

place

during

the

“second

industrial

revolution”

except

refrigerator

.

51.

Of the following, ____ is NOT

a characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.

C

A. a realistic view

B. a sense of humor

C. an idealistic view

D. colloquial speech

52.

The first successful English colony in North America was founded at

Jamestown

in

Virginia

.

53.

America produces a major p

ortion of the world’s products in the following fields except

oil

.

54.

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is ____ , and its theme is about ____ .

D

A.

Tales of the Jazz Age

, the loss of oneself

B.

TenderistheNight

, love

C.

TheBeautifulandtheDamned

, the evil of human nature

D.

TheGreatGatsby

, the American Dream

55.

Of the following books, ____ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.

C

A.

A Farewell to Arms

B.

ForWhomtheBellTolls

C.

TheSoundandtheFury

D.

The Sun Also Rises

56.

The policy of the United States was ____ at the beginning of the two world wars.

C

A. appeasement

B. full involvement

C. neutrality

D. partial involvement

57.

The first people on the American continent came from ____ as early as ____ thousand years

ago. C

A. Asia, 2

B. Europe, 2

C. Asia, 20

D. Europe, 20

58.

The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of ____ .

A

A. Alexander Hamilton

B. Andrew Jackson

C. George Washington

D. Thomas Jefferson

59.

Of the following universities,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

has NOT cultivated any

American Presidents yet.

60.

Of the following writers, ____ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.

A

A. Alice Walker

B. Ernest Hemingway

C. Eugene O’Neil

D. William Faulkner

61.

The following except ____ are all powers of the U.S. President.

B

A. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur

B. making laws

C. issuing executive orders

D. vetoing any bills passed by Congress

62.

Since 1959, the United States has been a country of

50

states.

63.

Chicago

is

the

third

largest

city

in

the

United

States.

It

serves

as

the

main

connection

between the eastern coast cities and the West.

64.

The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populated

region is the ____ part of the country.

A

A. northeastern

B. southeastern

C. southwestern

D. northwestern

65.

President

Roosevelt,

in

his

attempt

to

tackle

the

economic

depression

in

the

1930s,

introduced his famous ____ .

B

A. neutrality policy

B. new deal

C. new monetarist policies

D. “Great Society” policy

Australia

66.

As an ideal place for investments, Australia’s foreign capital mainly comes from

Japan and

the United States

.

67.

January 26

th

, 1788

is the date celebrated as Australia Day.

68.

____ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia.

B

A. Federal government

B. State governments

C. Territory assemblies

D. Municipal government

69.

The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was ____ . D

A. after the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia

B. after World War II

C. during the Great Depression of the 1930s

D. during the Pacific War in World War II

70.

Australia’s economy depends largely on ____ . C

A. agriculture

B. manufacturing

C. foreign trade

D. tourism

71.

The

Howard

g

overnment’s

foreign

policy

was

based

on

relations

with

four

key

countries,

namely ____ in Australia.

B

A. the U.S., Japan, Britain, China

B. the U.S., Japan, China, Indonesia

C. the U.S., Japan, Britain, Indonesia

D. the U.S., Britain, China, Indonesia

72.

Australian

system

of

teaching

and

school

discipline

put

emphasis

on

the

following

except

____ .

C

A. learning by discovery and questioning

B. self-discipline

C. outward discipline

D. encouraging student’s interest in learning

73.

Canberra

is Australia’s capital.

74.

In 2013, the population of Australia was about ____ million.

A

A. 22.9

B. 33.9

C. 40.9

D. 50

75.

____

is

renowned

for

its

unique

plant

and

animal

species.

It

is

estimated

that

there

are

around 20,000 to 25,000 different plants native to the land.

A

A. Australia

B. Canada

C. The United Kingdom

D. The United States

76.

Most

anthropologists

believe

that

the

Aborigines

in

Australia

migrated

from

____ at

least

50,000 years ago.

C

A. east Asia

B. south Asia

C. southeast Asia

D. North Asia

77.

The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ____ .

D

A. 1847

B. 1885

C. 1900

D. 1901

78.

Australia is a leading supplier of ____ to international markets.

D

A. agricultural products

B. hi-tech products

C. industrial products

D. mineral resources

Canada

79.

The

Governor General

holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system.

80.

The ____ is the largest political party in Canada.

A

A. Liberal Party

B. Conservative Party

C. Canadian Labor Congress

D. New Democratic Party

Canada

is the second largest country in the world.

81.

Toronto

is the largest city in Canada and

Ottawa

is the capital city.

82.

____ recognized Quebec as a “distinct society”.

A

A. The Meech Lake Accord

B. The Quebec Act

C. The Constitutional Act

D. The British North America Act

83.

The influence of ____ has declined gradually in Parliament in today’s Canada.

D

A. the Conservative Party

B. the Canadian Labor Congress

C. the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation

D. the New Democratic Party

84.

Kim Campbell

was Can

ada’s first woman Prime Minister.

85.

In Canada, the largest religious denomination is

the Roman Catholic Church

.

86.

If applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant to Canada, they need to do the

following except ____ .

A

A. applying for citizenship

B. taking a medical exam

C. paying an application fee

D. paying a landing fee

87.

The

Great

Lakes

on

the

border

between

Canada

and

the

U.S.

are

the

largest

group

of

freshwater lakes in the world.

88.

The name “Canada” is said to have derived from the Huron word “Kanata”, meaning “____”.

C

A. ocean

B. north

C. village

D. ice

89.

In 1497, the voyage led by an Italian captain discovered the eastern shores of Canada, which

was claimed as

Newfoundland

.

90.

In the early ____ , both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada.

C

A. 1400s

B. 1500s

C. 1600s

D. 1700s

91.

After the famous Seven Years’ War, ____ lost all of its colonies, and the whole Canada came

under ____ control.

B

A. Britain, French

B. France, British

C. Spain, Indian

D. India, Spanish

92.

With the passage of the

Statute of Westminster

in 1931, Canada was recognized as an equal

partner of Britain.

II.

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III.

判断题

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U.K.

1.

The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.

T

2.

The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.

T

3.

London is one of the three principal financial centers of the world.

T