-
Open Policy
The
open policy means that our country is open to
investment, trade and
technical and
economic cooperation with other countries on the
basis of
equality
and
mutual
benefit.
The
purpose
of
open
policy
is
to
acquire
advanced
technology,
management
skills
to
serve
our
socialist
construction so as
to promote the realization of the four
modernizations.
We must adhere to the
open policy. Because economic relations between
states today have become increasingly
close, and no country can possibly
advance behind close doors. Only in
this way, can we gradually close the
gap between our country and the
developed countries.
Through the
implementation of policy, we can learn advanced
technology
and
managerial
expertise
from
abroad;
make
full
use
of
the
foreign
capitals to
set up great
enterprises;
absorb
useful
and
healthy
ideas
and
new
knowledge
of
the
modern
civilization;
and
broaden
our
views
and
raise our level of
competence.
2.
The place of Science and Technology in Modern
Life.
Human life can not continue
without science and technology. For many
years,
human
society
has
developed
with
the
advance
of
science
and
technology while the development of
science and technology has in turn
brought
the
process
to
mankind.
So
the
life
we
are
living
now
is
more
civilized than that of
our fore fathers.
The
development
of
science
and
technology
have
brought
about
many
changes
in
people's
life.
For
example,
the
invention
of
television
and
space rocket have opened a new era for
mankind. Through the use of TV
people
can hear the sound and learn the events happening
thousands of
miles away. Owing to the
invention of spaceship and rocket, the dream of
man's landing on the moon has now come
true.
Science
and
technology
also
play
an
important
role
in
our
socialist
construction.
We
may
say,
our
socialist
construction
is
just
like
a
skyscraper, while science and
technology are its base. Without the base,
the
skyscraper
can't
be
built.
Therefore,
we
should
try
our
best
to
contribute to the development of
science and technology so as to provide
a more solid base to build our country.
3. Importance
of Education
China, as a developing
country, is determined to catch up with and even
surpass the developed ones. I think
that one of the best possible ways to
do so is to give first
priority(
优先）
to the
development of culture, science
and
especially education.
In modern times,
when science and technology are making great
progress,
the
education
of
the
work
force
is
of
primary
importance.
Moreover,
many
of
the
success
in
advanced
countries
have
demonstrated
that
a
nation
's
prosperity
mainly
depends
on
the
quality
of
its
labour
force,
namely those who have been well
educated.
In
a
developing
country
such
as
China,
our
investment
in
culture,
education and
science, and especially elementary education, must
enjoy
top
priority.
This
is
crucial(
决定性的）
for
China
to
catch
up
with
the
developed
nations
in
today's
surging(
汹涌的
)
waves
of
technological
revolution.
Otherwise,
the
gap
between
China
and
advanced
countries
will be widened
rather than bridged.
4. Air Pollution
Air
pollution is one of the major problems of the
modern world. A great
deal of energy is
needed to run the factories of modern industrial
nations.
Automobile, trains, planes and
busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this
energy is produced by burning fuels.
The burning produces wastes, some
of
which remain in the air, causing air pollution.
Scientists
are
finding
ways
to
stop
air
pollution
especially
in
big
industrial
areas and densely-populated cities. They are
studying new ways
of generating
electricity that may be less damaging to the
environment. In
the meantime, many
power plants are being modernized to give off less
polluted
material.
Also,
engineers
try
to
design
and
locate
new
power
plants to do minimum
damage to the environment.
However, it
may be that we still have a long way to go before
we have a
control
air
pollution.
There
indeed
seems
to
be
no
end
to
tasks
that
environmentalists will be required to
do. People will continually find new
ways to control pollution.
5. Environmental Protection
Today
the
quality
of
our
natural
environment
has
become
an
important
issue.
The
world
population
is
rising
so
quickly
that
the
world
has
become
too
crowded.
We
are
using
up
our
natural
resources
and
at
the
same
time
polluting
our
environment
with
dangerous
chemicals.
If
we
continue to
do this, life on earth cannot survive.
Concerned people have made some
progress in environmental protection.
Governments of many countries have
established laws to protect the air,
forests and sea resources and to stop
environmental pollution.
Still
more
measures
should
be
taken
to
solve
environmental
problems.
People
should
be
further
educated
to
recognize
the
importance
of
the
problems, to use modern methods of
birth control, to
conserve(
保存）
our
natural resources and
recycle
（再循环）
our
products.
We are sure that
we can have a better and cleaner place
in the future.
6.
Automobiles
Automobiles,
as
a
product
of
modern
civilization,
have
been
playing
a
vital
part
in
the
daily
activities
of
human
society.
Industry
needs
automobiles for farming as well as
transportation. Every day, automobiles
drive people to and from work. On
weekends automobiles take families
for
joyful
outings.
And
during
holiday
seasons,
automobiles
fill
the
highways
everywhere,
even
in
remote
areas.
It
could
be
said
that
the
wheels of automobiles move society
forward.
But automobiles have also
given rise to a series of problems. For example,
cities are overcrowded with
automobiles. They create a lot of noise and
traffic accidents which
disable
（伤残）
or
kill many people each year.
Worst
of
all
perhaps
is
the
air
pollution
caused
by
the
exhaust
gases
produced by
automobiles. Some of the gases are highly
toxic(
有毒的）
and a
serious health hazard.
7.
Computer
The computer is widely used in
all fields of society. Today, wherever you
go, you will find computers being used.
For example, computers are used
in
universities,
large
corporations,
and
small
offices,
etc.
It
has
even
entered the homes of
ordinary people. As it is able to store and
process a
large amount of information,
the computer bring about great convenience
and high efficiency to people of all
walks of life.
Computers
can
help
people
in
different
ways.
For
example,
computer
help
scientists
in
analyzing
data
and
doing
complex
calculation.
For
another example, computers are made use
of by engineers in designing a
plane,
or a spaceship. Besides, computers
may
also play a great role in
helping
children
with
their
lesson.
Whatever
you
are
doing,
you
many
find computer a useful aid.
However, the computer must be designed
and instructed by man. What is
more, it
is true that computers can make decisions, but
they need detailed
instructions and
programs prepared by humans to operate. Therefore,
the
computer can never replace the
human brain.
8. Travelling
It is exciting to visit different
places. As you travel, you will see beautiful
sceneries typical of the region.
Besides, you can meet and make friends
with people of different colors and
races. Finally, you can get to know the
customs and living habits of the local
people. Today people are so fond of
travelling that tourism has become one
of the faster growing industries in
most countries.
The main
reason why people travel is, perhaps, for
pleasure. For example,
having worked
hard throughout the weekdays, people will find a
widened
trip
to
the
nearby
mountains
or
beaches
a
real
relaxation.
For
another
example,
spending
an
annual
holiday
travelling
abroad
is
an
especially
satisfying experience for those who do
not have much of an opportunity
to be
away from their homelands. When people return from
their travel,
they will generally feel
fresh and energetic, ready to work harder.
Travelling is also one of the best
means for learning. You may have read
or heard about something but you can
never get an accurate picture of it
until you see it for yourself. Seeing
is believing. Furthermore, if you area
careful
observer,
you
can
learn
much
during
your
travel
about
the
geography,
biology,
and
history
of
the
places
you
visit.
No
matter
how
well
educated
you
are,
there
is
always
a
lot
for
you
to
learn
through
travelling. The knowledge acquired from
travel, as you will have found in
your
life, is no less valuable than that from any
influential reference book.
9. The World Population Explosion
The human race has experienced a
consistent increase in population since
the
beginning
of
its
history.
Famine
and
disease
have
done
little
to
offset(
抵消）
this
steady increase. Too many people are added
annually to
the population of the
world. So both the causes of population increase
and
the results of having more people
are worth careful study.
Culture
evolution is the major factor responsible for
population increase.
Early in human
development, people invented tools to hunt
animals. Later
they
built
shelters
to
protect
themselves.
Step
by
step,
they
made
life
easier. As a result, fewer died from
natural forces, such as harsh climate
and disease.
In
the
past,
when
population
grew,
there
was
unexplored
territory
to
inhabit. But now, almost
all the habitable land has been explored.
The
world's
population
may
reach
8.7
billion
in
2033.
It
is
clear
that
world
population
is
a
serious
issue
that
needs
careful
attention.
Human
beings are unique to
solve problems through cultural
evolution.(
发展）
Facing the world population explosion
in the near future. We must carry
out
the birth control program in order to save the
mankind and save the
world.
10. Opening-door Policy is the Only Way
to Make China StrongModern
Chinese
history leads us to the conclusion that socialism,
not capitalism is
best for China. But
how a socialist China should look at capitalism
and
more
importantly,
make use of
the better
side
of
capitalism
for
its own
advantage is of
vital(
至关）
importance to the country.
As
far
as
our
country's
economic
construction
is
concerned,
taking
advantage of the part
of capitalism that is useful to us means we need
to
develop
foreign
trade,
introduce
advanced
technology
and
better
management, and make use of foreign
funds. It also means we can absorb
some
of the economic theories, and make use of those
economic policies,
methods
and
measures
that
comply
with(
遵循）
the
law
of
mass
production and a
commodity economy.
By
opening
our
windows
wider
to
the
outside
world,
people
can
learn
more
about
other
peoples
and
learn
to
make
sensible
judgments.
Absorbing
the
better
part
of
the
cultures
of
other
people
to
enrich
ourselves
is
the
best
way
to
safeguard
our
socialist
culture.
So
taking
advantage
of
capitalism
and
stepping
up
economic
reforms
is
the
only
way to make China strong. Closing the
county to international exchanges
will
only keep it weak.
11.
Choosing an Occupation
Every one faces
the problem of choosing an occupation after
graduation
from
college
or
university,
which
plays
a
vital
role
in
his
life.
An
appropriate occupation makes a man work
with zest(
热情）
and
vigor, as
well as contribute to his
country.
To
make
a
wise
choice,
two
important
things
should
be
taken
into
consideration. One is the interest, the
other, the demands of people and
society. Only if the two aspects are
connected, can a man show his talent
and ability to the best advantage. If
the two conflict, the former should be
under
the
latter,
for
the
people's
interests
are
more
important
than
the
individual's.
In
regard
to
my
choice
in
the
future,
I
am
fond
of
learning
foreign
languages;
what
is
more,
with
the
implementation
of
the
Open-Door
Policy, exchange between home and
abroad in economy and culture has
been
growing
significantly,
thus
I'm
determined
to
be
a
qualified
interpreter.
12.
The Brain and the Computer
Some
recent
developments
in
the
computer
industry
make
scientists
predict that the
gap between human beings and machines will be
closed
about the year 20000.
To
understand
the
significance
of
this
prediction
let
us
compare
the
human
brain
with
existing
computers.
The
brain
consumes
electrical
energy
at
the rate
of
25
watts
and
occupies
a volume
of
one tenth of
a
cubic foot. The brain houses between 10
billion and 100 billion items of
information. Every brain cell is
directly connected to many other cells. As
a result, the cells in which
information is stored can communicate with
thousands of other cells.
However, the computer consumes 1000,000
watts of electrical power and
occupies
hundreds of cubic feet of space. Its million items
of immediately
accessible information.
In contrast, the computer memory is like a cell of
pigeonholes, with no thinking capacity
and no connections elsewhere.
In a
word, the electronic brains are hopelessly
inadequate in comparison
with the human
brains.
13. Health and Life
As the saying goes, you
don‘t know what happiness is until you lose it‘
you
don‘t
know
what
health
is
until
you
are
ill.
―Health
is
of
vital
importance to life‖ sounds like a
cliche to
everyone, but it is
absolutely
true.
The negligence of the delicate balance
of your body and soul, the harmful
habits such as smoking, excessive
drinking and burning mid-night oil will
catch up with you someday. How many big
plans are interrupted by bad
health!
Even
a
normal
life
is
unimaginable
without
the
guarantee
of
health.
How
to
keep
fit
is
an
eternal
topic
of
diversity
and
controversy.
Regardless
of
all
the
different
suggestions
poured
from
all
kinds
of
sources,
one should do at least two things for him/herself.
First, hold an
active
and
optimistic
attitude
toward
life
and
maintain
a
mental
well-being. Second, live a regular life
and keep a balanced diet. Anyway,
a
healthy
life
is
within
reach
when
you
begin
to
adjust
your
mind
and
body.
14. Energy Resources
China
is
rich
in
various
energy
resources.
Coal
and
petroleum,
for
instance,
are
two
major
ones.
They
are
essential
in
developing
the
country's industry, science and
technology. China has done a great deal in
the past few decades to raise its
output of coal and petroleum.
Three
energy
resources
are
being
used
up
rapidly,
With
the
building
of
four modernization, new industrial and
science projects are springing up
like
bamboo
shoots
after
rain.
They
are
all
big
consumers
of
energy
resources. Besides
there has been considerable waste in the
utilization of
these resources.
To
avoid
an
energy
crisis
in
the
future,
the
government
must
take
certain
measures.
First,
it
should
let
people
know
the
importance
of
saving
energy.
Second,
efforts
should
be
made
to
develop
new
energy
resources, such as
solar energy, geothermal(
地热）
energy and so on. We
have
reason to be optimistic in this respect.
15. Competition
Competition
makes
people
original
and
creative.
It
very
necessary
to
compete if human society wants to
advance. (Even animals compete for
survival.) Without it, we would become
lazy and nobody would rake any
responsibility. When three monks live
together, there will be no drinking
water.
This
Chinese proverb vividly
describes
why
China's productivity
was
so
low
before
Mr
Deng
came
to
power.
At
that
time,
we
had
the
so-called
planned economy. There was no competition at all.
So neither
farmers nor workers worked
hard. China was on the edge of collapse.
Competition
can
stimulate
people
to
try
their
best
to
do
anything.
For
example, in 100-meter race, each
sportsman runs as quickly as possible,
trying to win the champion. The same
things happen in our society and in
our
daily life. If a company wants to surpass others,
it must compete with
them.
It
must
raise
its
efficiency.
All
the
companies
doing
this
will
no
doubt benefit the whole
society and the whole human race.
Being a student, I must
compete with other students in our studies. I
must study hard in all the fields so
that I can be a useful man when I enter
the society after graduation.
ts‘ Part
-time
jobs
There
are
many
advantages
for
a
student
to
have
a
part
time
job.
For
instance,
it
helps
him
to
realize
that
no
success
comes
from
nothing.
It
enables
him
to
be
independent
and
builds
up
his
self-confidence.
Therefore, part-time jobs can get the
students out of the ivory tower and
give them the opportunity to know more
of himself and of his personal
value in
society.
As
everything
has
two
sides,
the
disadvantages
can‘t
be
ignored.
Part-
time
jobs
cut
into
students‘
study
time;
some
even
become
so
preoccupied
with making
money that they ca
?t focus their
attention on
studying. In the end, the
students may fall behind or fail in their studies.
In
my
opinion,
students
can
choose
to
take
up
a
job
according
to
their
own situation. The
most important thing is for him to keep a good
balance,
put his study on top of the
list and assign an adequate amount of time to it.
and Happiness
Everybody wants to get
wealth. In today‘s material world, making money
or becoming wealthy symbolizes a
person‘s success an
d capability. Many
people just make every effort, pay any
price to attain greater wealth. With
money,
they
can
but
nice,
large
apartments
in
nice
neighborhood;
with
money, they can own
stately luxury cars. Wealth seems with money, they
can own stately luxury cars. Wealth
seems to bring all happiness in life.
In my opinion, people cannot do
anything without money, but money is
not
everything.
What
money
will
bring
you
depends
on
your
personal
belief and goal in life. If you are
kind enough to help others, especially
the poor, money is a good thing to you.
With it, you can do much more
for the
benefit of people and your country, and it will
and to your own
happiness. If you want
money just for your own needs, you‘ll never be
satisfied
or
happy.
In
a
word,
you
should
have
money
spent
for
more
people,
only then can money be the source of your
happiness.
Everyone has his ideals. A
businessman wishes to make greater profit; a
farmer expects bumper harvests; a
student tries to learn more and better.
And everyone strives, with more or less
effort, to realize his ideal.
One should be sensible about whether
his ideal is well founded or not. If
it
is, one has to
plan
and
work hard
for
its
realization.
Effort,
skill
and
persistence
are
all
necessary.
And
very
often,
one
has
to
get
help
from
others, including advice and support in
one form or another.
My
ideal is to become a doctor, It is said that the
field of medicine is a
well-paid
profession,
but
I
take
it
as
a
lofty
profession
entrusted
with
saving
peop
le‘s
lives.
To
realize
my
ideal
I
have
concentrated
on
laboratory
work
to
develop
the
analytical
skills
necessary
to
become
a
qualified
doctor.
I
am
sure
I
will
realize
my
ideal
if
I
persevere
in
this
pursuit.
r Sports in China
Sports are flourishing in
china now. More and more people are willing to
take
part
in
sports
of
different
kinds,
such
as
table-
tennis,
football,
volleyball, and so on. Every year there
are many matches played on the
city,
provincial
or
national
level.
Sports
are
no
longer
limited
to
a
few
professional players.
Early in the
morning people may be seen doing exercise. Martial
arts
(like
Chinese
boxing
or
swordplay)
which
formerly
were
cultivated
for
self-defense,
now
have
become
a
form
of
physical
exercise
and
are
practiced
in
parks,
streets,
gardens,
or
on
campuses.
In
addition
young
and
old
people
are
also
often
seen
running
in
order
to
build
up
their
bodies.