-
LINUX
常用的系统状态查询命令
# lsdev ?C ?s scsi
列出各个
SCSI
< br>设备的所有相关信息:如逻辑单元号,硬件地址及设备文件名等。
# ps -ef
列出正在运行的所有进程的各种信息:如进程号及进程名等。
# netstat -rn
列出网卡状态及路由信息等。
# netstat -in
列出网卡状态及网络配置信息。
# df -k
列出已加载的逻辑卷及其大小信息。
# mount
列出已加载的逻辑卷及其加载位置。
# uname -a
列出系统
ID
号,系统名称,
OS
版本等信息。
# hostname
列出系统网络名称。
# lsvg ?l
rootvg,lsvg ?p rootvg
显示逻辑卷组信息,如包含哪些物理盘及逻辑卷等。
# lslv ?l
datalv,lslv ?p datalv
显示逻辑卷各种信息,如包含哪些盘,是否有镜像等。
八网络故障定位方法
网络不通的诊断过程:
ifconfig
查看网卡是否启动
(up)
netstat
?i
查看网卡状态
Ierrs/Ipkts
和
Oerrs/Opkts
是否
>1%
ping
自己网卡地址
(ip
地址
)
ping
其它机器地址,如不通,在
其机器上用
diag
检测网卡是否有问题。
在同一网中,
subnetmask
应一致。
网络配置的基本方法:
(1)
如需修改网络地址、主机名
等,一定要用
chdev
命令
# chdev ?l
inet0 ?a hostname=myhost
# chdev -l en0 -
a
netaddr=’Array.3.240.58’
-
a
netmask=255.255.255.0’
(2)
查看网卡状态:
# lsdev ?Cc if
(3)
确认网络地址:
# ifconfig en0
(4)
启动网卡:
# ifconfig en0 up
(5)
配置路由
有两种方式加入路由:
永久路由
# chdev -l inet0
-
a
route=’10.47.0.0’,’Array.3.240.5Array’
临时路由
# route add
10.47.1.2 Array.3.240.5Array
用命令
netstat
-rn
查看路由表
附:常用命令列表:
Any XXXX, ####,
****, or X is to be substituted by a name,
resource name or #,
fn = filename
DIR = Directory
| = pipe symbol
bosboot -a -d /dev/hdiskx
-rebuilds boot record/image on boot device(hdiskx)
cat -view contents of a file
cat /tmp/****.1 -view a file, look at
output
cat fnfn>newfile -combines two
files to a single file
cd -will return
you to default DIR
cd / -will put in
root DIR
cd /xxxx -change you to a DIR
anywhere is system
cd .. -will drop you
out of 1 DIR at a time
cd xxxxx -will
change you to a DIR in current dir
cfgmgr -will auto config devices
cfgmgr -v & -(-v) shows processes (&)
puts in background
chps -s xx hd#
-
increase paging space (xx=# of addt’l
PPs)
cpoldfnnewfn -copy a
file
cpoldfnDirn -copy a file to
another directory
crontab -l -list
crontab entries for the current user
ctrl + v -will page down 1 page
ctrl + 6 -will page up 1 page
del fn -same as rm -i,promts to remove
fn
df -I -shows status of file systems
(no inodes)
df -Ik -(k) show status in
1024 bites(1mb)(only AIX 4
diag -a
-updates changes in hardware configuration
diag ***** -****= a device type(as
tape,disk....Fastpath)
diag -cd rmtX
-resets tape drive
dosformat -formats a
diskette to DOS
dosdir -list files on
dos formated diskette
dosread XX YY
-copies dos file XX to aix file YY
doswrite YY XX -copies aix file YY to
dos file XX
errpt -generates a one line
synopsis of logged errors
errpt | pg
-list errorlog 1 page @ a time(1st column is ID)
errpt -a -displays detailed information
of logged errors
errpt -s Mmddhhmmyy
-select entries posted later than date
errpt -aj XXXXXXX -list detail error by
ID number.(XXX=1st column)
errpt -d S
-list software errors
errpt -j XXXXXXX
-list summary report by ID number.
errpt -aN XXXXXX -list detailed report
by resource name column
errpt -N
XXXXXXX -list summary report by resource name
column
errclear 0 -clears errorlog
errclear -N XXXXX 0 -clears errorlog by
resource name, 0=all enter
errclear -j
XXXXX 0 -clears errorlog by ID number.
finger -same as who but with more
details
flcopy -copies a diskette to
another diskette
format -formats a
diskette in default diskette drive
format -l -formats in lower denity:
1.44 on 2.44 / 720 on 1.44
hostname
-responds with host system name
host
(hostname) -responds with internet address
instfix -ik IPAR# -lists ipar fix was
completely installed
lppchk -v -checks
install status of LPPs
lppchk -v 2>
/dev/lpX -sends output of lppchk to printer lpx
lpstat -a all -view all printer queues
lptest 80 5 > /dev/lp0 -send test
pattern to lp0
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