-
（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题
(
有答案和解析
)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Ana, her
husband
Mario,
and
their
four-
year
old
son
Antonio
just
moved
to
North
Carolina.
They need a
temporary place to call
Ana figured
that she had better start looking for an apartment
for them to stay in.
First, Ana picked up an Apartment Book at her
local newspaper stand. The Apartment Book
contained listings of all the major
apartment complexes in her area.
Ana started by looking at
the prices in the advertisements for
apartments in
the Apartment
Book.
Then,
she
read
about
the
amenities
that
each
apartment
complex
offered.
For example,
some
apartments
had
a
clubhouse,
a
gym
(also
called
a
center
and
a
pool.
After
considering prices, amenities, and
locations, Ana found a few apartment complexes
that she liked.
Ana
called the apartment complexes. She set up
appointments with the apartment managers
to see the apartments she found
interesting. Ana made five phone calls, total.
she said to the fifth apartment
manager, and hung up the phone.
When Mario got home (to the hotel
in which they were staying) from work, Ana showed
him
the list of apartments.
showed Antonio the
pictures of the apartments.
The next day, while Mario was at work and Antonio
was at childcare, Ana visited the apartment
complexes.
After
visiting
all
five,
she
found
that
she
liked
the
fifth
one
the
best.
It
was
near
a
good
school
system
for
her
son,
and
it
was
near
her
and
her
husband's
workplace.
She
went
home
and
discussed
it
with
her
husband,
and
they
decided
that
they
wanted
to
rent
the
apartment. The next day, they called
the manager of the apartment complex and told him
that
they would like the
apartment.
The
manager
asked
them
to
sign
a
rental
contract
and
pay
a
security
deposit
so
that
if
any
damage was done to the
apartment while they were in it, the security
deposit would pay for it.
They signed
the rental contract and paid the security
deposit.
Finally, they
had a place to stay.
（
1
）
Which of the
following is not an amenity?
use.
s center.
.
ceilings.
（
2
）
What did Ana consider while
looking through the Apartment Book?
.
ies.
ons.
of the
above.
（
3
）
Why
is the security deposit needed when people rent a
house?
e it
ensures that a renter will pay the rent on
time.
e it ensures that a
renter will not have pets on the
property.
e it ensures that
any damage done to the apartment will be paid for
by the renter.
e it ensures
that any damage done to the apartment is kept to a
minimum.
（
4
）
What do we know about Ana?
was a smart and organized
wife.
signed the rental
contract on her own.
bought
a home for her family in Carolina.
husband worked in a hotel.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文
，讲述了安娜一家搬到北卡罗来纳州后，安娜租房子
的故事。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Then,
she
read
about
the
amenities
that
each
apartment complex
offered. For example, some apartments had a
clubhouse, a gym (also called a
‘fitness
center’),
and
a
pool.”
可知，俱乐部，健身中心，游泳池都为便利设施，而
high
ceilings
在文中未提及。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“After
considering prices, amenities, and locations, Ana
found a few apartment complexes that
she liked.”
可知，安娜在翻阅出售公寓的小册子时考虑
了价格、便利设施和位置。故选
D
。
（
3
）
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“The manager asked them
to sign a rental contract
and pay a
security deposit so that if any damage was done to
the apartment while they were in it,
the
security
deposit
would
pay
for
it.”
可知，租赁人住的公
寓有任何损坏，就会用押金来支
付，对公寓造成的任何损害都将由租赁人赔偿。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知安娜租房时
，选择房子，考虑一系列价格、便利设施
和位置，并且参观了所有五家公寓大楼，最后租
下了一间公寓，可以推断出她是个聪明、
有条理的
妻子。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，
是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出
正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Who could have imagined that a
treadmill(
跑步机
)on wheels
would one day become a thing?
Lopifit
is
an
unusual
means
of
transportation
that
allows
you
to
power
an
electric
bicycle
by
walking on a treadmill.
Lopifit founder Bruin Bergmeester
says it all started when he asked himself the
question.
can
I
use
a
treadmill
outdoors?
He
eventually
came
up
with
a
design,
to
which
he
added
an
electric engine, and Lopifit was born.
The treadmill bicycle is similar to a typical
electric bicycle in
that the motor only
works when the rider puts power in as well. The
Lopifit senses it when you
walk on the
treadmill and uses the motor to turn a drive chain
at the back part of the treadmill,
helping you reach a top speed of 17
miles per hour.
To use
the Lopifit, simply turn on the battery and use
your feet to slide the treadmill backwards
and activate (
激活
)
the motor. Then get on and enjoy the ride! If you
need speed, just walk on
the treadmill,
and if you want to coast, all you have to do is
stay still and admire the view. To stop,
you have two hand brakes
available.
The
Lopifit
first
hit
the
streets
in
2014
and,
unsurprisingly,
became
an
instant
hit.
That
was
actually
quite challenging for the company, because it
started get inquiries and calls for orders,
but
it
was
nowhere
near
ready
for
mass
production.
The
unique
treadmill
bicycle
became
available this year, and Lopifit is
struggling to keep up with demand, despite the
high price tag of
$$ 2,115.
But
despite
having
a
very
loyal
fan-base
of
so-called
Lopifitters,
the
creative
means
of
transportation
also
has
naysayers
who
simply
consider
the
invention
stupid
and
unnecessary.
They basically
believe that if you're going to walk, you might as
well do it the old-fashioned way.
But
the Lopifit does have the unique advantage of
helping you walk really fast without breaking a
sweat, or walking at cycling speed, if
you will.
（
1
）
With the help of Lopifit, you
can ________.
A.
cycle to work by walking
B. offer power to any
bicycle
C. create a
treadmill on wheels
D. answer some hard
questions
（
2
）
From the second paragraph, we
can learn ________.
A. how Lopifit was created
B. where Lopifit can be used
C. who Lopifit is intended for
D. which design is suitable for
Lopifit
（
3
）
What can be learned from the
fourth paragraph?
A. Lopifit was cheap and available in
2014.
B. Lopifit always broke
down on the streets.
C. It
was hard for the company to design Lopifit.
D. The supply of Lopifit failed to meet
the
demand.
（
4
）
How
do the public react to Lopifit?
A. Positively.
B. Variously. C. Angrily.
D. Cautiously.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
。本文主要介绍了
Bruin
从跑步机上获得灵感，发明
了一款
“
走路自行
车
”
，在这款自行车上不需要跑步，走路就行的自行车
——
Lopifit
。
Lopifit
非常受欢迎，供不应求。
(1)
细节理解题。由第一段
Lopifit
is
an
unusual
means
of
transportation
that
allows
you
to
power an electric bicycle by walking on
a treadmill.
可知，在
Lopifit
的帮助下，你可以走路去
工作，选
A
。
(2)
推理判断题。由
第二段
Lopifit founder Bruin Bergmeester
says it all started when he asked
himself the question
可知，这一段主要
讲了
“
走路自行车
”
< br>是如何被发明的，选
A
。
(3)
推理判断题。由第四段
The
unique treadmill bicycle became available this
year, and Lopifit is
struggling to keep
up with demand, despite the high price tag of $$ 2,
115.
可知，从第四段，我们
可以推断出这款自行车供不应求
，选
D
。
(4)
推理判断题。由最后一段
But
despite
having
a
very
loyal
fan-
base
of
so-called
Lopifitters,
the creative
means of transportation also has naysayers who
simply consider the invention stupid
and
unnecessary.
可知，这款自行车有许多忠实的粉丝，但是也有许多摇头党，所以可以推
断出人们对于这
款自行车持各种各样的态度，选
B
。
【点评】细节理解题：考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等
议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。
当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问
题。
1.
事
实细节题
→
寻读法
分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用
who,
what,
which,
when,
where,
why<
/p>
和
how
提
问，
或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。
2.
排列顺序题
→
< br>首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）常出
现在记叙
文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。
3.
图文匹配题
→
按图索骥理清线索：设题形式：给出图
表，根据图表提问问题。
4.
数字
计算题
→
（方法：审题
→
带着问题找细节
→
对比、分析、计算）可直接找到相
关细
节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Average humans can consume 15 or
more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you
were born
after 1978, and live until 80
years old, you will leave behind a minimum of
14,400 plastic bottles
on
this
planet.
These
bottles
take
hundreds
of
years
to
break
down
into
tiny
pieces
of
plastic,
never
to
completely
disappear.
Most
of
the
waste
is
consumed
by
fish
and
birds,
which
has
shortened their lifetime
greatly.
The
Plastic
Bottle Village
is
just
a
great
idea
that
might
finally
save
us
from
being
buried
in
plastic. It's a community in Panama
that is going to be made of used bottles. The
design process
begins
with
building
steel
frames,
which
are
then
filled
with
these
bottles.
Once
this
step
is
complete,
and
electrical
and
plumbing
(
管道装置
)
lines
are
put
inside,
the
plastic
walls
are
covered
by
concrete
—
both
inside
and
outside.
So
no
one
will
actually
be
able
to
tell
that
the
walls are made of plastic. Besides, the
material will keep the house 17°
C
cooler than the outside,
which is the
biggest benefit to people living
inside.
The village is
the brainchild (
主意
) of
Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up
several
environmental
projects.
Having
started
a
recycling
program
four
years
ago,
during
which
a
number of plastic bottles were
collected, he started to think of how they could
be put to use.
Soon enough, he decided
to use them to build houses, and came up with a
basic idea for the
construction
process.
The project
hopes to make people conscious of the waste that
these bottles create so that they
can
do more to protect the environment. The village
will also create an education center that will
teach individuals from the world how to
reuse plastic bottles as construction materials
for shelter.
Recycled bottles could
neutralize the negative effect of your passage on
this planet, and move
closer to leaving
only your “footprints”.
（
1
）
What does
Paragraph 1 intend to tell us?
A. The reason for buying
fewer drinks.
B. The
difficult situation of wildlife.
C. The amount of plastic waste.
D. The seriousness of plastic
pollution.
（
2
）
What is the biggest benefit to
people living in the Plastic Bottle Village?
A. The house will be much
cooler than normal ones.
B.
The material of construction will be
reduced a lot.
C.
The
newly-made
house
can
save
a
lot
of
electricity.
D. The
waste
of
the
house
can
be
consumed by fish and birds.
（
3
）
Whi
ch of the following words can best describe
Robert?
A.
Creative.
B.
Courageous.
C.
Enthusiastic.
D.
Sensitive.
（
4
）
The
main purpose of Robert's projects is to
A. provide shelter for
locals B. reuse
all deserted plastic bottles
C. popularize the use of plastic
bottles D. raise people's
environmental awareness
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】考查环保类文章。
一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上
百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会
完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是
Robert
想出
了用这此塑料瓶子建成房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相对凉爽，这对于环境来说更加环
保。
（
1
）考查推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶
子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失。大部分的废物被鱼和鸟所消耗，
大大缩短了它们的寿命。由此可推测出这些塑料瓶子对地球的污染有多严重。故答案选
D
。
（
2
）考查细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。
根据第
二段最后一句
“the
material
will
keep
the
house
17°C
cooler
than
the
outside,
which
is
the
biggest benefit to people living inside
.”
可知，这种材料可以使房子的温度比室外低
17°
，这对
居住在室内的人来说是最大的好处。故答案
A
。
（
3
）考查推理判断题。根据全文可知这地球上的塑料瓶子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而<
/p>
且永远不会完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是
Robert
的项目就是用这些塑料瓶建成
房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相
对凉爽，不仅让利用废物，还环保了地球。可说是一个
有创意性的项目，即
Robert
是一个有创造性的人。故答案选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句
“The project
hopes to make people conscious
of the
waste that these bottles create so that they
c
an do more to protect the environment.
”
可
知项目希望人们意识到这些瓶子造成的浪费，以便他们能做
更多来保护环境，以此提高人
们保护环境的意识。故答案选
D<
/p>
。
【点评】细节判断题
——
定位法。通过定位词寻找出题点
定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解
解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解
答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。
通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时
候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划
记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。<
/p>
4
．
阅读理解
We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
with
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere, but changes in temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and nutrient
availability seem to have
trumped the
benefits of increased carbon dioxide
of
Singapore.
45 percent of
the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes
than they did in the past. The
researchers
pointed
out
that
warmer
temperatures
and
changing
habitats,
caused
by
climate
change, are possible reasons for
shrinking creatures.
We
do
not
yet
know
the
mechanisms(
机制
)involved,
or
why
some
organism
are
getting
smaller while others
are unaffected,
be risking negative
consequences that we can't yet
quantify.
The
change
is
big
in
cold-blooded
animals.
Only
two
decades
of
warmer
temperatures
are
enough to make retiles
(
爬行动物
)smaller. An increase
of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly
a 10 percent increase in
metabolism(
新陈代谢
). Greater
use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises
and
little
lizards.
Fish
are
smaller
now
too.
Though
overfishing
has
played
a
part
in
reducing
numbers, experiments show that warmer
temperatures also stop fish growing.
Warm-blooded animals aren't
immune(
免除
)from the size
change caused by climate change.
Many
birds are now smaller. Soay sheep are thinner. Red
deer are weaken And polar bears are
smaller, compared with historical
records.
This is not the
first time this has happened in Earth's history.
55 million years ago, a warming
event
similar to the current climate change caused bees,
spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75
percent over several thousand years.
That event happened over a longer time than the
current
climate change.
The speed of modem climate change
could mean organisms may not respond or adapt
quickly
enough, especially those with
long generation times climate change will be shown
in the future.
（
1
）
What does the text mainly
talk about?
A.
Why some species become smaller.
B. How climate changes in Earth's
history?
C. Climate
change
has
many
negative
effects.
D. Species
are
becoming
smaller
as
climate
gets
warmer.
（
2
）
The
underlined word
A.
strengthened B. gained
C. beaten D.
equaled
（
3
）
Researchers from the National
University of Singapore believe that________.
A. they have found the
exact causes for creatures getting smaller
B. all the animals on the
earth have become smaller
C. climate change has more negative
effects on warm-blooded animals
D. increase in energy
use
can lead to creatures getting smaller
<
/p>
（
4
）
What
does the author feel about the climate change?
A. Disappointed
B. Optimistic
C. Worried
D. Shameful
【答案】<
/p>
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象，
气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影
响，人类需要尽快采取措施。
（
1<
/p>
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
with
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere,
but
changes
in
temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and
nutrient availability seem to have
trumped the benefits of increas
ed
carbon dioxide”
可知科学家
原来以为二氧化碳
的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候的变化让物种反而变小。故选
D
。
（
2
）
考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的
“We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
with
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere,
but
changes
in
temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and
nutrient availability seem to have
trumped the benefits of increased
carbon dioxide”
可知科学家
原来以为二氧化
碳的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候的变化让物种变小。可知气候的变化
打败了二氧化碳
带来的影响。故
“beat”
与该词同义。选
< br>C
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Greater
use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and
little
lizards.”
可知大量使用的能源导致物
种体型变小。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The
speed
of
modem
climate
change
could
mean
organisms may not respond or adapt
quickly enough, especially those with long
generation times
climate change will be
shown in the future.”
可知作者担心现代气候变化的速度太快导
致有机
体无法迅速做出回应。可知作者对气候变化很担心。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解
，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉
细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而
选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Finding true love can be prey tough
for a lot of people, but a lady from a fairly
well-known San
Francisco advertising
agency seems to think money helps. She is offering
$$10,000 to any of her
friends who can
introduce her to her Mr. Right. She wants to find
her future husband through this
way.
The
unnamed husband seeker who sent out the email had
just finished reading the best-selling
book named Lean In. It was 11 p.m. on a
Sunday night and she realized this was the second
self-
help book she had read in the
month. She was still single. Things were not
looking fine, but there
was hope for
her still. If the book had taught her anything, it
was that she needed to take a more
positive
role
in
finding
love.
After
all,
if
she
wanted
to
get
a
better
job,
she
wouldn't
just
sit
outside
an employer's building and wait for someone to
offer it to her, so why should finding a
husband be any different? But instead
of going out and meeting new people she decided to
write
an
email
to
all
her
friends,
offering
to
give
them
$$10,000
on
her
wedding
day
if
any
of
them
managed to introduce
her to her future husband.
“I am writing you today because I've
decided to make an aggressive action
plan on finding the
man that
I get to hang out with forever,” the woman writes
in her email. “Introducing me to my
husband is just not high on your
to-
do list. But I think I have an idea
that might change that…”
You guessed
it, and this is where she offers
to
reward her “closest friends” with cold hard
cash.
“I will
personally give ten thousand dollars to the friend
who introduces me to my husband.”
Here is how the program
works:
Step 1: You set
me up on a date with a man.
Step 2: I marry that man.
Step 3: I give you $$10,000 on my wedding
day.
I know you're
thinking that this is nuts. Just plain crazy. 'You
can find a husband without giving
$$10,000.' Well for starters, thank you!
I'm happy.”
（
1
）
What does the lady offer
$$10,000 to any of her friends for?
A. Celebrating
the
fact
that
she
has
made
a
decision
to
find
a
husband.
B. Checking
the
power of money among her circle of
friends.
C. Encouraging
her
friends
to
help
find
her
Mr.
Right.
D. Sharing
her
happiness
of
having
found true
love.
（
2
）
What does the underlined word “nuts”
mean in the last paragraph?
A. delicious
B. sensible C. angry
D. foolish
（
3
）
What's the purpose of the
author's mentioning getting a better job in
Paragraph 2?
A.
To
stress
the
importance
of
finding
a
good
job.
B. To
stress
the
importance
of
taking
a
positive
attitude.
C. To show that
waiting patiently is necessary to
get a
job.
D. To state that we need
to be
patient before a job is
offered.
（
4
）
What kind of person do you think
the lady is?
A.
Adventurous B. Imaginative
C. Considerate D.
Polite
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
。有一位女士为了找到一个丈夫，她许诺谁给她找到
了
Mr.
Right.
就给谁
$$10,000
。
人们认为她是
“
傻的
”
，没有给
$$10,000
也能找到一个丈夫。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“She
is
offering
$$10,000
to
any
of
her
friends
who
can
introduce
her to her Mr. Right.”
可知这位女士是为了鼓励朋友们帮助她
找到她的
Mr. Right.
故
选<
/p>
C
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据
“I
give you $$10,000 on my wedding
day.”
和根据最后一段中的
“I know
you're thinking that this is nuts. Just
plain crazy. 'You can find a husband without
giving $$10,000.'
Well for starters,
thank you! I'm happy.”
这位女士给帮助她找到丈夫的人
$$10,000
。这就是了。
没有给
$$10,000.
也能找到一个丈夫。由此推知划线词的意思是
“
愚蠢的，傻的
”
。故
选
D
。
(3
)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“If the book
had taught her anything, it was that she needed
to
take
a
more
positive
role
in
finding
love.
After
all,
if
she
wanted
to
get
a
better
job,
she
wouldn't just sit outside an employer's
building and wait for someone to offer it to her,
so why
should
finding
a
husband
be
any
different?”
可知
提到一份好工作的目的是强调态度积极的重
要性，故选
B
。
(4)
考查推理
判断。通读全文，我们可以知道这位女士为了找到一位丈夫，而付出一万美
元，谁能帮她
找到丈夫，谁就能得到这笔钱。这说明她是一个敢于冒险的人。故选
B
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判
断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。并根据上下文的逻
辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
From the loss of wildlife to rising
sea levels, we're all well aware of the problems
that climate
change could
cause.
But
while
it
may
seem
like
such
issues
won't
affect
most
of
us
directly
，
it
looks
like
future
generations could grow up without
something that many of us now take for granted:
chocolate.
According to
an essay published by the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration,
changes
to
the
climate
in
the
regions
that
produce
cacao
-
the
plant
from
which
chocolate
is
produced - may mean that it will soon
become extinct.
Most of
the world's cacao grows in countries close to the
equator
，
with over half of it
growing
in the African nations of Ghana
and Ivory Coast.
It's
predicted that by 2050, climate change will have
accelerated the rate at which temperatures
in these countries rise, making it
extremely difficult for cacao to grow
there.
The
problem
doesn't
lie
in
increased
heat,
however
，
but
in
lower
humidity
(
湿度
)
，<
/p>
as
it's
believed
that rainfall will stay at the same level if the
temperature rises.
“In other words, as higher temperatures
squeeze more water out of soil and plants, it's
unlikely
that rainfall will increase
enough to offset the moisture
(
含水量
) loss,” Michon Scott,
the ess
ay's
author,
wrote.
To
help
fight
this
problem,
researchers
from
Berkeley
University
in
the
US
are
working
on
changing
the
DNA
of
cacao
plants
to
allow
them
to
survive
in
dryer
conditions
by
using
gene
editing technology, according to US
News.
In
the
meantime,
US
company
Mars,
one
of
the world's
biggest
manufacturers
of
chocolate
products,
announced
in
January
that
it
would
spend
$$1
billion
to
help
reduce
the
effects
of
climate change.
“This is a world issue, and it requires
everyone to work together,” Mars spokesperson
Barry
Parkin told Business
Insider.
The message
here is that if we all do our part, we may be able
to prevent some of the worst
impacts of
climate change. Or if we're unlucky, chocolate
will become a thing of the past.
（
1
）
What
could make it hard for cacao to survive around the
equator in the future?
A. The increased heat there.
B. The higher humidity
there.
C. The decrease in
rainfall there.
D. The moisture loss in the soil
there.
（
2
< br>）
What does the underlined word
“offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?
A. hold back
B. make up for
C. protect
D. accept
（
3
）
What will US company
Mars do to help cacao survive?
A. It will work hard to
plant cacao in greenhouses.
B.
It will apply gene editing technology in
planting cacao.
C. It will give financial support to
help fight climate change.
D.
It will develop cacao that can
survive
in dryer conditions.
（
4
）
What may be the best
title of this text?
A. Chocolate could become history
B. Work together to fight climate
change
C. How do we grow
cacao in the future? D. How do cacao
plants affect climate change?
【答案】
（
1
）
< br>D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可
能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为
历史。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第
七段中的
“‘In
other
words,
as
higher
temperatures
squeeze
more
water out of soil and
plants, it's unlikely that rainfall will increase
enough to offset the moisture
(
含水量
)
loss,’
Michon
Scott,
the
essay's
author,
w
rote.”
可知未来赤道附近的可可树很难存
活，是因为那里
土壤中水分的流失，故选
D
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的
“Th
e
problem
doesn't
lie
in
increased
heat,
however
，
but
in
lower
humidity
(
湿度
)
，<
/p>
as
it's
believed
that
rainfall
will
stay
at
the
same
level
if
the
temperature
rises.
可知
In other words, as
higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil
and plants, it's unlikely that rainfall
will increase enough to offset the moisture
(
含水量
) loss”
的
意思是换句话说，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量的增长不足以抵消水量的< p>
流失，所以
“offset”
的意思是弥补，抵消
，故选
B
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“In
the
meantime,
US
company
Mars,
one
of
the
world's
biggest manufacturers of chocolate products,
announced in January that it would spend
$$1 billion to help reduce the effects
of climate change.”
可知美国的火星巧克力公司给予财政支
援，用来帮助对抗气候的变化，故选
C
。
(4)
考查主旨大意。本文主要讲了未来
由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭
绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，
故选
A
。
【
点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读
，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，
概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7
．
阅读理解
Volunteer Opportunities
Ring the bells
The Salvation Army needs bell
ringers for its annual Red Kettle Christmas
Campaign. Two hour
shifts begin on
Nov.12 and run Mondays through Saturdays.
Volunteers can contact Jim Evers at
jimevers@ or at 764-0962, or sign up
online at .
Read to
children
Join
the
United
Way
and
Child
Care
Aware
in
supporting
the
development
and
learning
of
young
children.
Volunteers
are
needed
to
spend
30
minutes
a
week
reading
to
children
and
guiding
related
activities
using
literacy
kits
（识字工
具包）
provided
by
Childcare
Aware
of
Eastern
Kansas
.A
two-hour
literacy
training
will
be
provided.
To
ensure
continuity
for
the
children
in
the
program,
we
are
asking
that
volunteers
make
a
six-month
commitment.
Please
contact Shelly at
865-5030, ext.301 or at volunteer@.
Garden with a neighbor
Douglas Country Housing Inc. is
looking for volunteers to assist a senior man in
need of help
with an overgrown garden
before winter arrives. One to two hours of your
time will make a huge
difference in
someone's quality of life. No previous gardening
experience is required. Please e-
mail
rsovista@ or call 842-1533.
Feed your friends
Just
food fights hunger in our community. Help Just
Food kick off the holiday season by packing.
Thanksgiving meal boxes for families in
need. Every year Just Food provides Thanksgiving
meals to
families in Douglas Country
that will otherwise go without. Your help is
needed for distributing
these meals in
advance of Thanksgiving. Help is needed on the
following days and times:
9 a. m.
–
7 p. m. Monday,
Nov. 21.
9 a. m.
–
7 p. m. Tuesday, Nov.
22.
The maximum number
of volunteers is 15 at a time. To sign up, click
here.
（
1
）
What should people do if they choose
to read to children?
A. Get trained.
B. Make a plan.
C. Promise
to teach devotedly. D.
Work 30 minutes a day.
（
2
）
If
you like to help with gardening, you can get in
touch with ________.
A. They take place on holiday.
B. They can be reached by phone.
C. They are about seeking volunteers.
D. They need some experience.
（
3
）
What do the
four activities have in common?
A. They take place on
holiday. B. They can
be reached by phone.
C. They
are about seeking volunteers. D.
They need some experience.
【
答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）<
/p>
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。
本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。并且详细的
介绍了每项工作的具体内容，工作时
间，联系方式等。
（
1
）考查细节理解题。由文中
Read to
children
部分中的
A two-hour
literacy training will be
provided
可知，如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训，故答案选
A
。
（
2
）
考
查
细
节
理
解
题
。
由
文
Garden
with
a
neighbor
部
分
中
的
Please
e-mail
rsovista@
or
call
842-1533.
可知，如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者，可以
发邮件或者
打电话联系。故答案选
B
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断题。这四项工作后面都留有联系方式，可知他们都是想招募志愿者。
C
选项正确。
【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：
①
排除干扰项
，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论
断，可先排除
干扰项。
②
按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如
for
example
，
first
，
second…
等预测应该到何处寻找自己所
需要的事实。
③
快速通篇跳读，自
左至右，自上而下呈
Z
形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细
节句
子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
<
/p>
④
注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现
象会使用不同的词语，
如同义词、近义词、代词等。
8
．
阅读理解
Durian(
榴莲
)
is
probably
the
smelliest
fruit
in
the
world,
letting
out
an
unusual
unpleasant
smell which would make anyone bring up.
However, nobody was aware of what gave this fruit
its
unique smell, so a team of
researchers from Singapore decided to take a look
at its genome
(
基因
组
) and find
out,
Durian
is
well-known
throughout
Southeast
Asia
as
the
king
of
fruits,
mostly
because
of
its
awful
appearance
and
smell.
However,
the
origin
of
this
unpleasant
smell
was
unknown,
so
researchers decided to map the genome
of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled
it. A group
of genes, volatile sulfur
compounds (
含硫化合物
), became
very active in the fruit, and they were
found responsible for resulting in the
unpleasant smell.
The
fruit confuses everyone with a sulfuric smell,
like rotten onions and ingredients. The smell
lasts
long,
mostly
because
the
fruit
contains
more
volatile
sulfur
compounds.
Other
species
usually benefit from
two gene copies at most, but durian has four,
leading to the striking smell.
However,
this
smell
might
be
an
advantage
for
durian
in
the
wild.
Although
we
find
it
unpleasant,
many
animals
might
be
attracted
by
it.
If
they
eat
the
fruit,
then
they
can
easily
spread its seeds everywhere, thus
contributing to the distribution of the
species.
The mapping of
the durian genome also showed some other
information on the species. First
of
all, the fruit has an impressive number of genes,
namely 46,000. Also, with the help of these
genes, they saw how it
evolved, and discovered it was
related to the cacao tree. All the
other
discoveries have been published
in the journal
Nature
Genetics.
Despite the
striking smell, many people actually enjoy eating
the fruit. However, not all durian
species are edible, and some of them
may even cause damage to our health, Even so, the
fruit is
often imported, significantly
contributing to the economy.
（
1
）
What give
durian its unique smell?
A. Onions nearby.
B. Two gene copies.
C. Rotten ingredients in it.
D. Volatile sulfur compounds.
（
2
）
What does
the underlined word “evolved” in
Paragra
ph 5 probably mean?
A. Developed.
B. Escaped. C. Predicted.
D. Tolerated.
（
3<
/p>
）
What can we infer from the
text?
A. No
birds enjoy eating durian.
B. Durian can be planted all over the
world.
C. Some
of
durian
species
can
not
be
eaten.
D. Durian
has
no
relationship
with
the
cacao
tree.
（
4
）
What's the best title for
the text?
A.
What's Durian?
B. The Influence of the Smell
C. The Distribution of Durian
D. The Mystery of the Unpleasant Smell of
Durian
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，新加坡的研究者找出导致水果有难闻气味的原因就
是水果中含有的挥发性硫化合物非常
活跃，这种气味对于野外生存榴莲来说有利于吸引动
物来吃这种水果，同时传播种子。<
/p>
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“so
researchers
decided
to
map
the
genome
of
the
fruit,
and
find the gene that controlled it. A group of
genes, volatile sulfur compounds
(
含硫化合物
),
became
very active in the fruit, and they were found
responsible for resulting in the unpleasant
smell.”
可知，研究人员找到一组基因
——<
/p>
挥发性硫化合物（
South-Type
），在水果中非常活
跃，发现是它们导致了这种难闻的气味。故选
D
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段内容可知，研究者画出了榴莲的基因图。通过基因图，
发现了这种水果的基因庞大，有
46000
条基因。在这些基因
的帮助下，他们了解了榴莲的
基因如何演变的，并发现榴莲与可可树有关。
A
项
develop“
使进
化
”
，与划线词
evolved
是
同义词。故选
A
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“n
ot
all durian species are edible, and some of them
may
even
cause
to
our
health,”
可知，并不是所有的榴莲都是能吃的，有些榴莲是不可
以吃的。由此
可推断出选
C
。
(4)
考查主旨大意。文章说榴莲可能是世界上最臭的水果，但没有人知道原因。新
加坡的研
究者决定来查明原因。最后通过绘制的榴莲基因图发现了它难闻气味的原因。由
此可知，
本文最好的题目应该是
“
榴莲
难闻之谜
”
最为适合，故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，，推理判
断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是
一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息
的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进
行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确
答案。
9
．
阅读理解
As one of the world's
most popular cultural mediums, cinema is at the
leading position at the
Taihu World
Cultural Forum(
论坛
), an
annual event that aims to improve cultural
exchanges. So
far this year, Chinese
box office has already topped 58 billion yuan, the
China Film Administration
said. This
indicates that China, the world's second-largest
movie market, is closing the gap with
the United States, the world's top
cinema market.
Cao Yin,
director of the program center at China Movie
Channel, said that China has 67,000
cinema screens. the most of any
country, and the number is expected to increase to
80,000 by
the end of next year. Saying
that China has signed coproduction agreements with
22 countries
(including
the
United
States,
Canada,
Japan.
India
etc.)
,Cao
added
it
has
deepened
cinematic
exchanges between Chinese filmmakers
and their foreign counterparts
(
同行
).
With the country's huge native market, which
produced more than 1,000 films in 2019, Hong
Kong director Stanley Tong said he
believes foreign filmmakers will increasingly seek
cooperation
with
China.
coproduction
will
become
an
important
platform
to
send
Chinese
stories oversea and give us a broader
vision of creation,
Recently, over 80 percent of the world's top 100
highest box-office titles have been action films.
Tong said the films, in which plots are
basically secondary to shining stunts
(
特技
), is one of the
easiest ways to appeal to foreign
audiences. But it has been a decades-long struggle
for Chinese
filmmakers to sell their
stories overseas. When asked what kinds of Chinese
films would have the
most global
appeal. Yan Zhaozhu, chairman of the Taihu World
Cultural Forum, said stories that
address universal issues, such as
environmental protection and climate change, are
perhaps the
best options.
（
1
）
What
is the purpose of the Taihu World Cultural Forum?
strengthen cultural
exchanges.
build more
cinemas in China.
invite
more tourists to Taihu.
attract more international investment.
（
2
）
Wha
t can we infer about Cao Yin's opinion in
Paragraph 2?
e
box office has already overtaken the United States
so far
screens of Chinese
cinemas will be world-leading in the
future
has signed the most
coproduction agreements with other
countries
will be more and
more cooperations between Chinese filmmakers and
other countries.
（
3
）
How
do Chinese filmmakers feel about selling their
movies to the world right now?
.
ointed.
nged.
ed.
（
4
）
What is the best title for
the text?
Office: Unclear Future
: Top
Second Movie Market
: The
Leading Cultural Position
e
Filmmakers: Severe Competition
Situation
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
< br>）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，介绍了电影作为世界上最受欢迎的文化媒介之一
在太湖世界文化论坛上处于领先地位
。该论坛是一年一度的活动，旨在促进文化交流。中
国电影总局说，今年到目前为止，中
国电影票房已经突破
580
亿元人民币。这表明，中国
作为世界第二大电影市场，正在缩小与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“...Taihu
World
Cultural
Forum,
an
annual
event
that
aims
to
improve
cultural
exchanges.”
< br>可知，太湖世界文化论坛是一年一度的活动，旨在促进
文化交流。即举行太湖世界
文化论坛的目的是加强文化交流。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Cao
Yin…said
that
China
has
67,000
cinema
screens.
the most of any
country, and the number is expected to increase to
80,000 by the end of next
year.
Saying
that
China
has
signed
coproduction
agreements
with
22
countries
(including
the
United
States,
Canada,
Japan.
India
etc.)”
可知，曹寅
说，中国有
67,000
个电影院。中国是拥
< br>有电影院最多的国家。到明年年底，这个数字有望增加到
80,000
。曹说，中国已经与
22
个国家（包括美国，加拿
大，日本，印度等）签署了联合制作电影的协议。因此从曹寅所
说的话中我们看得出中国
电影制片人与其他国家之间将会有越来越多的合作。故选
D
。<
/p>
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“But it has
been a decades
-long struggle for
Chinese
filmmakers
to
sell
their
stories
overseas.”
可知，中国电影制片人向海外出售电影故事已经经
历了数十年的艰辛努力。即中国电影
制片人在将中国电影推向世界的过程中付出了艰辛的
努力，取得今天的成就并不容易，<
/p>
challenged
意为
“
有挑战性的，不容易的
”
，符合文意。故
选
C
。
（
4
）考查
主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“This
indicates
that
China,
the
world's
second
-largest
movie market, is
closing the
gap with the United States, the world's top cinema
market.”
可知，
中国是世界第二大电影市场，正在缩小
与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。因此文章
的最佳标题是
“
中国：第二大电影市场
”
。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报
道。考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正< p>
确答案。
10
．
阅读理解
Several
years
ago,
I
began
asking
my
friends
and
family
to
tell
me
something
about
their
passwords. Yes, I understand why
passwords are universally hated: the pressure they
put on our
memory
and
the
endless
demand
to
update
them.
I
hate
them
too.
But
there
is
more
to
passwords than their
annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so
that we can remember
them, they take on
secret lives.
There was
a former prisoner whose password includes what
used to be his prison ID number to
constantly tell him not to go back. And
there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose
password
is the name of the baby she
lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him
alive, I guess).
Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several
people said they used
that when they
forgot it, the software automatically promoted
them with the right one (
password is
incorrect
Some passwords
were striking for their uniqueness. After reading
Sheryl Sandberg's book Lean
in: Women,
Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running
partner of mine, found her role
model
and began using
for the year (2019) of
the password's creation.
computer
scientist
who
loves
wordplay.
It
stood
for
next
sentence
is
true.
The
previous
sentence is
false
The 4622 that my
wife used in her passwords was not just the
address of her father's childhood
home
but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently,
when the former 120 kg football standout
was
a
small
boy,
he
had
to
sing
his
home
address
(4622
South
28
th
West
Avenue)
in
one
full
breath
rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his
stutter (
口吃
) would embarrass
him.
（
1
）
Why
did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his
password?
rebuild his reputation.
remind him to act legally.
fight against his poor memory.
hide the unpleasant
experience.
（
2
）
What did Cortni Kerr think of
Sheryl Sandberg's book?
ul.
sting.
ve.
ing.
（
3
）
What might be the best
title for the text?
reasons why people hate
passwords.
unusual
passwords.
secret lives of
passwords.
best ways to
make your passwords unique.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也
包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘
密。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“There was a
former prisoner whose password includes
what used to be his prison ID number to
constantly te
ll him not to go back.”
可知这名坐过牢的
囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己
不要回到过去（不在犯罪）。因此选
B
。
（
2
）
考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“Cortni Kerr, a running
partner of mine, found her role
model
and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What
would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus '19’ for
the year (2019
) of the
password's
creation.”
可知
Cortni
Kerr
读完
Sheryl Sandberg's book
的书
后，找到到了自己的榜样，由此判断出
Cortni
Kerr
认为
Sheryl
Sandberg
的书很激励人心。
故选
D
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了
有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密
码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。选项
C.
The
secret
lives
of
password
s.“
密码里
的人生秘密
”
为短文的最佳标题。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意
三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上
下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
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