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11
类翻译主题词
汇
一、中国历史
四大文明古国
one of the four
ancient civilizations
人类文明史
the history of human
civilization
源远流长
/
历史悠久
to have a long history; with a
long history
朝代
dynasty
古都
ancient
capital
随着时间的推移
as time goes by
远古时代
ancient times
原始社会
primitive society
春秋时代
the Spring
and Autumn Period
战国
the Warring States
封建社会
feudal
society
皇帝、君主
emperor,
monarch
历史遗留问题
a question
left over from history/the past
在战争中损毁
to be
ruined in wars
抵抗侵略
to resist the invasion
五四运动
the May
4
th
Movement of 1919
在
......
世纪初
at
the beginning of...century
迄今为止
up till now
追溯到
to date/trace
back to
来源于
to
derive/stem from; to originate from/in
发源地
birthplace
兴起于
......,
兴盛于
......to emerge in... and
prosper in...
保存最完好的
best-
preserved
原址
original site
国家博物馆
national museum
皇帝统治时期
a period of emperor
reign
诸侯国
kingdom
勤政爱民
to be diligent and love
one’s people
退位
to give up the throne
帝王宫殿
imperial palace
< br>以
......
命名
to be
named after
历史人物
history
figure
阳历
solar
calendar
阴历
lunar
calendar
天干
heavenly stem
地支
earthly branch
闰年
leap year
二、中国文化概述
重要文化遗产
major
cultural heritage
优秀民间艺术
outstanding folk arts
文化产业
culture
industry
文化底蕴
cultural
deposit
文化事业
cultural
undertaking
文化交流
cultural exchange
文化冲击
cultural
shock
文化差异
cultural difference
独特的艺术价值
unique
artistic values
诚实守信
honesty
爱国主义精神
patriotism
国宝
national
treasure
文物
cultural relics
华夏祖先
the Chinese ancestors
中华民族
the Chinese nation
传统美德
traditional
virtues
文人
men of
letter
雅士
refined
scholar
才子佳人
gifted scholars and beautiful ladies
高雅艺术
refined /high art
中外学者
Chinese and
overseas scholars
古为今用
to
make the past serve the present
洋为中用
to make the foreign
serve China
无愧于时代的作品
works worthy of the times
文明摇篮
cradle of
civilization
古文明
ancient civilization
博大精深
to be
extensive and profound
享有
...
...
的声誉
to enjoy a
good/high reputation for
被誉为
......to be
honored/crowned as
占重要地位
to
play a significant role; to have/occupy a
significant place
肩负
......
的责任
to shoulder the
responsibility of......
与
...
...
密不可分
to be closely
associated with......
最广中国文化
to promote Chinese culture
促进世界和平
to promote
would peace
增进友谊
to enhance friendship
文化娱乐活动
cultural
and amusement activities
民族特性和价值观
national
identity and value
在各地差异很大
to
vary widely from region/place to region/place
促进文化的传播
to
promote the spread of culture
促进交流
to promote
exchanges
蓬勃发展
to
flourish
丰富多彩
to
be rich and colorful
风俗习惯
custom
禁忌
taboo
尊敬老人
to respect the elderly
赡养老人
to
support/take care of parents
继承
to inherit
后人
later generation
强身健体
to improve
the physical health; to strengthen the body
益寿延年
to prolong
life
保佑平安
to keep
sb. Safe
象征意义
symbolic meaning
象征好运和祝福
to
symbolize good luck and blessings
审美观
/
品味
taste for beauty; aesthetic taste
三、中国传统文化
中医药
traditional
Chinese medicine
中草药
herbal medicine
望、闻、问、切
observing, listening, inquiring, pulse
taking
症状
symptom
重大发明
a
significant invention
中国古代四大发明
the four
great inventions of ancient China
火药
gunpowder
印刷术
paper-making
指南针
the compass
文房四宝
the Four
Treasures of the Study
笔、墨、纸、砚
brush, ink stick, ink
stone
汉字
Chinese
character
笔划
stroke
普通话四声调
the
four tones of Mandarin Chinese
书法
calligraphy
中国画
traditional
Chinese painting
水墨画
Chinese brush painting; ink wash
painting
武术
martial arts
中国功夫
Kung Fu
太极
Tai Chia
孔子
Confucius
孟子
Mencius
思想学派
school of thought
思想核心
the core of
ideology
代表人物
representative
儒家思想
Confucianism
儒家文化
Confucian
culture
和尚、僧人
monk
寺庙
temple
伊斯兰教
Islam
清真寺
mosque
宗教
religion
建筑
architecture
钟楼
bell tower
牌坊
memorial
archway
兵马俑
Terracotta Warriors and Horses
丝绸之路
the Silk
Road
故宫
the
Imperial Palace
天坛
the Temple
of Heaven
民间故事
folk tale
寓言
fable
传说
legend
凡间
human
world
京剧
Peking
Opera
脸谱
mask
正面角色
positive
role
木偶戏
puppet
show
皮影戏
shadow
play
杂技
acrobatics
相声
cross-talk
说、学、逗、唱
speaking, imitating,
teasing and singing
说书
story-telling
传统工艺品
traditional
handicraft
形状不一
to be of different shapes
材质各异
various
material
质地坚硬
hard texture
造型生动
vivid figure
色彩丰富
rich colors
风格独特
characteristic/unique style
刺绣
embroidery
泥人
clay figure
瓷器
porcelain
；
china
陶器
pottery;
earthenware
青铜器
bronze ware
雕刻
to carve
图章
seal
四、中国传统节日
春节
the Spring
Festival /Chinese New Year
除夕
Chinese New
Year’s Eve
年夜饭
annual reunion dinner
拜年
to pay a new
year call
探亲访友
to (pay a)
visit to relative and friends
亲朋好友
relatives
and friends
大扫除
to thoroughly clean the house
驱厄运
to sweep away ill
fortune; to get rid of bad luck
去除灾难
to ward off
evils
发红包
to give
money in red envelopes; to hand out red envelopes
欢度
......
The celebration of...; to celebrate
春联
spring couples
庙会
temple fair
民间艺人
folk artists
祭神
god-worshiping
炮竹，烟火
firecracker; firework(s)
年画
(traditional)
new year picture
压岁钱
new year’s gift
-money
元宵节
the Lantern
Festival
清明节
the
Tomb-sweeping Day
端午节
the Dragon Boat Festival
中秋节
the Mid-
autumn Day/ Festival
重阳节
the Double-ninth Day
七夕节
the Double-
seventh Day
舞龙
dragon dance
花灯
festival lantern
灯谜
lantern riddle
有益的智力活动
beneficial intellectual activity
中国结
Chinese knot
舞狮
lion dance
赛龙舟
dragon boat
race
赏月
to enjoy
the full moon
登高
hill climbing
扫墓
to pay respects to the dead at sb’s
tomb
五、食物及烹饪方法
中国菜、中餐
Chinese
cuisine
烹饪技巧
cooking technique
煎
to fry
炒
to stir-fry
炸
to deep-fry
烩
/
闷
/
炖
to stew
蒸
to steam
煮
to boil
烘焙
to bake
烤
to roast
切条
to cut to strips
切丁
to dice
切碎
to mince
磨碎
to grind
饮食习惯
dietary
habit
特色食品
special food
元宵
sweet sticky rice dumplings
年糕
rice cake
油条
deep-fried
dough sticks
豆浆
soybean milk
馒头
steamed bun
包子
steamed stuffed bun
拉面
hand-stretched
noodles
豆腐
tofu;
bean curd
麻花
fried dough twist
皮蛋
100-year egg;
century egg
蛋炒饭
fried rice with egg
火锅
hot pot
原料
ingredient
猪
/
牛肉丸
pork/ beef ball
鸭肉
duck
蘑菇
mushroom
北京烤鸭
Beijing
roast duck
素菜馆
vegetarian restaurant
白酒
Chinese liquor
六、旅游交通
景点
tourist
attraction; scenic spot
名胜古迹
places of interests
避暑胜地
summer
resort
森林公园
forest park
自然保护区
nature reserve
自然景观
natural
scenery
人文景观
human landscape
壮丽河山
magnificent
scenery
古典山水园林
classical landscape garden
皇家园林
royal garden
中外游客
tourists
from home and abroad
游乐园
amusement park
度假
to take a vacation; to go on holiday
门票
(entrance)
ticket
免费景区电子门票
free sightseeing e-coupon
星级酒店
star-rated
hotel
高峰期
rush
hour
人山人海
,
人满为患
overcrowded; to be packed with
overcrowded people
翻山越岭
to climb mountains and hills
受到
......
的热烈欢迎
to be warmly welcome by......
丰富知识
to enrich
one’s knowledge
开阔视野
to broaden
one’s horizon
扩大知识面
to enlarge
the scope of knowledge
培养独立性
to cultivate independence
运输工具
means of
transportation
公共交通
public transport
地铁站
subway station
候车室
waiting room
扣分处罚
point
penalty
酒驾
drunk
driving
终身禁驾
lifetime ban from driving
护照
passport
签章有效期
validity of
visa
散客
individual visitor
团体旅游
group
visitor
七、地理环境
位于
......to be located
in/that
西部地区
western regions
省会
provincial
capital
水域面积
water area
三面环山
to be surrounded by mountains on three
sides
全长
....
公里
to stretch for...kilometers
面貌焕然一新
to take on
a completely new look
高原
plateau
山峰
peak
淡水湖
freshwater
lake
沿海港口
coastal
pot
植物园
botanical
garden
气候
climate
环境保护
environmental protection
提高全民环保意识
raise
environment awareness among the general public
环保产品
environment-
friendly product
一次性产品
disposable product
开发可再生资源
to
develop renewable resources
高耗能产业
energy-
intensive industry
可持续发展
sustainable development
生态环境
the
ecological environment
温室效应
greenhouse effect
森林覆盖率
forest
coverage rate
改善土壤
soil improvement
地址灾害
geological
disaster
灾难
catastrophe; tragedy; disaster
不幸
misfortune
伤亡人员
casualty
死亡人数
death toll
台风
typhoon
火山爆发
volcanic
eruption
地震
earthquake