英语毕业论文-论中西饮食文化差异

系的褊狭，

把人生精力倾泄导向于饮食。

由此赋予饮食以丰富 的文化内涵，

虽然饮食文化在

西方不够发达，

< br>但这种不发达本身也是一种文化发展的结果，

所以对中西饮食文化的比较仍

有意义。

通过对中西饮食文化差异的分析，

我 们可以了解中西方各自的文化传统；

同时能对

中国文化进行改善 与创新。

关键词

饮 食文化

;

文化传统

;

< br>差异

Introduction

Once

there

is

a

saying

that

is

eating

well-

deserved

for

human

life”,

so

food

is

an

indispensable condition for the survival and development of human beings. There are two desires

in life: one is feasting them to survive; and another is the lust of men and women, which can help

the mankind to carry on the family line. Facing the two desires, China pays more attention to the

former, while

the

west

tends

to

the

latter.

Such

phenomenon

affects

the cultural

trend.

Diet

is

actually the contents of our daily

lives, but why we call

it culture? That is because the diet has

special

status

in

the

Chinese

culture,

and

it

also

has

a

great

distinction

between

China

and

the

west.

As one of the world ancient nations, China’s diet has a history almost as long as that of Chinese

civilization. But

in western countries, ancient thinkers devoted less attention to the food problem

than the Chinese philosophers did, and there is even not aware of it to the

the

opposite,

they

recognized

and

interpreted

the world

in

the

perspective

of

the

lust

or

love

of

men

and

women

more.

Whether

the

awareness

of

original

sin

of

Christianity,

Adam

and

Eve

legend,

or

ancient

Greek

philosophy

(such

as

Plato's

dialogue)

who

considered

the

personal

relationships

“love”

as

the

love

of

ontology

of

beauty,

and

regarded

it

as

a reality

thinking

of

philosophy, all these ideas become the basis of western philosophers

’ cultural thoughts. All these

had potential effects on the development of western culture and westerners’ characters.

Receiving

the

influence

of

respective

cultural

tradition,

the

Chinese

and western

dietary culture

has

had

different

characteristic.

The

differences

in

concepts,

targets,

patterns,

attribution

and

nature

had

reflected

the

different

dietary

culture

in

the

different

state

characteristic;

such

characteristic

has

enriched

the

research

value

of

dietary

culture.

Studying

these

cultural

differences, we can

find

out

a

joint

enhancing

the

communication

between

China

and

the west

through a comprehensive study of the subject. It may be a great help to the communication of the

Chinese and western cultures.

I. Differences in Concepts

First,

the

Chinese

and

western

diet

have

the

differences

that

cannot

be

ignored

in

concepts.

Nobody

will

deny

that

the

Western

diet

is

a

rational

concept,

regardless

of the

color

of food,

incense,

flavor

and

shape,

but

nutrition

must

be

assured.

It

cares

about

the

intake

of

calories,

vitamins,

protein

and so

on

during

a

day.

Comparing

with

the

Chinese

diet,

western

diet

tastes

stereotyped,

as

simple

as

chewing

the

candle,

but

the

sense

tells

them:

We

must

eat

them

all

because of the nutrition. And then they put it bluntly, just like refueling machine.

The concept of western diet is compatible with the whole western philosophy. Metaphysics is the

main feature of western philosophy. Such kind of philosophy brings vitality to western culture, so

the

natural

sciences,

psychology

and

methodology

achieve

a

rapid

development.

In

some

other

aspects, such philosophy proposition is a significantly obstacle, such as the dietary culture, which

is the inevitable thing to drop behind, and just the metaphysics of methodology marks everywhere.

In celebration, it stresses tableware, stresses the staple, stresses the servings, and stresses the color

and shape mix of raw materials. But no matter how luxurious the grade is; from Los Angeles to

New Y

ork, only one taste of steak, it is no art to speak of. And as dishes, the chicken is chicken;

steak is steak, even in groups, which are also conducted in a shallow dish. In a dish of

Muttonchops

cooking

beans,

and

plus

a

few

tablets

of

tomato.

Color

is

on clear,

but

the

tastes

of

the

various

materials are separated, not to reconcile, and the entire flavor is also simple and clear.

Chinese

diet

is

a

sense

of

beauty

diet.

When

people

sample

dishes,

they

often say

this

dish

is

and

that

dish

is

delicious

But

if

you

ask what

is meant

by

why

shows that which Chinese people hanke

r on a diet is just the “mood” that is difficult for one to say

anything. Even using the

the

The

beauty

pursuit

of

Chinese cuisine

is

clearly

overriding

the

rational

pursuit. This concept

of

diet

is

also

coinciding

with

the

traditional

Chinese

philosophy.

Chinese

philosophy

as

a

representative

of

oriental

philosophy,

its

distinguishing

features

is the

macro,

visual,

vague

and

evasive.

Chinese

cooking

method

is

to

reconcile,

and

the

ultimate

goal

is

to reconcile

out

of

a

beautiful taste. The main stress is measure and the overall co-ordination. It contains a wealth of

dialectics of Chinese philosophy, and all these depend

on the degree of the wonderful flavor and

harmony of dish. The ever-changing within degrees decides the changeable of Chinese food, and it

also decides the characteristics of Chinese food as well as the characteristics on each of the chefs.

II. Differences in targets

All

diet

cannot

be

done

without

vegetables.

The word

is

for

the

sound

in

China,

and

it

always has something to do with the plants. According to a survey of western plants scholar, there

are

600

varieties

of

vegetables,

six

times

more

than

in

the

west.

In

fact,

the

Chinese

dishes,

vegetable dish is usual food. Meat dish entered the normal diet only on holidays or higher living

standards, so since ancient times, and there was a saying of

language:

fresh vegetables are mainly to the civilian in general, only being able to eat meat only in worship.

V

egetarian diet takes the dominant position in the normal structure.

Chinese

people

consider

the

vegetables

as

the

main

dish;

it

has

inextricably

linked

with

the

advocacy

of

Buddhists.

They

deem

animals

as

and

plants

have

soul.

So,

they

advocate vegetarianism.

Westerners

do

not

seem

to

have

such

a

good

habit.

They

uphold

a

cultural

origin

of

nomadic,

seafaring

nation.

Living

mainly

by

fishing

and

hunting,

collection

and

planting

are

just

the

complement.

There

are

more meat

dishes

in

their

lives.

Feeding,

clothing,

and

using

are

taken

from

the

animals,

and

even

Western

medicine

is

derived

from

animals.

When

the

westerners

introduce

the

diet

characteristics

of

their

countries,

they

always

feel

that

their

diet

is

more

reasonable on the mix of nutrition than China. The food industry is more developed, such as cans,

fast

food,

although

the

taste

is

monotonous,

but

it

saves

time,

and

it

also

has

good

nutrition.

Therefore, in their countries: people are generally healthier and taller than Chinese, and the people

have

strong

shoulders

and

developed

muscles;

but

Chinese

people

look

short,

their

shoulders

narrow and legs thin, their skin yellow and their body weak. The differences between Chinese and

western food for Westerners to judge the merits of the two diet is not justified. Mr. Sun Y

at-sen

had profound study of the culture of food and incisive exposition. In his composing The Scheme

for

National

Reconstruction,

detailing

the

differences

between

Chinese

and

Western

diet

phenomenon, he concludes:

vegetables and tofu for meal. Such kinds of food are the most healthy and beneficial according to

the research of hygienist. Therefore, the remote people in china, whose diet are far from meat and

wine, always live a long life. Also China has a big population, and Chinese people have enormous

power to resist disease, but they never try the non-

diet. “He added:

eat tofu. Tofu is expected as the real meat in plants, as it has the nutrition that meat has. It is the

meat

without

toxic

materials.

So

the

Chinese

are

vegetarian

used

to

be

a

custom

without

the

promotion of scholars. It is also a custom that the European and American drink thick Wine, eat

meat and fish. So there was science promotion before and a severe law later, such as the

United

States Prohibition. And the transfer will not carry out in a short time.

scientific benefits of Chinese diet and disadvantages of Western diet.

According to the characteristics of the significant differences between Chinese and Western diet

targets,

the

Chinese

character

is

called

the

plant

character,

while

the

Westerners’

is

animal

character. In response to the cultural behaviors, Westerners love adventure, exploration, conflict;

but the Chinese people only like to liv

e banally. According to American expert on folklore Ruth’s

opinions

on

the

pattern

theory,

Chinese

culture

is

quite

similar

to

the classical world

Apollo-

type

character

and

Westerners’

is

similar

to

the

modern

world

Faust

-type.

Indeed,

the

Westerners such as Americans in the development of the west, they put the whole family on the

truck, and go out of the city in amid rumbling with the supplies. The Chinese people are always

thinking about

as

home.

But

after

a

few

decades,

the

overseas

Chinese

will

come

back

to

the

mainland

with

crutch to seek their roots. This concept of return and such human spirit that can only be said to

cooperate with the accumulation in the diet. Then it brings cohesiveness to the Chinese nation and

then makes the human folk full of energy.

III. Differences in Dietary Patterns

The Chinese and Western dietary patterns can be very different, and these differences affect the

national character. In China, a celebration, no matter what, there will be only one form, as sitting

together, sharing one feast. Banquet uses round table, which has created a unity of form, which is

courtesy, comity

atmosphere.

Cate

are

in

the center

of

the

table.

It

is

the

objects

for

people

to

appreciate and taste, and it is also an intermediate of communication. People toast each other and

share

the

vegetables,

which reflect

the

mutual

respect

between

people

in

the

face

of

the

good

things, also show the virtues of comity. Although from the health point of view, this approach has

obvious deficienc

ies, but it is

in our national

philosophy

area

of

impact

for future

generations. It

is

helpful

to

facilitate

the

collective

emotional exchanges and consequently difficult to reform.

The western-style banquets, although the food and wine are very important, but in fact they are

just foil. The core of Banquet is friendship, by the conversation with the guests who sitting next to

achieve the purpose of recreation. If making an analogous compare between the recreation of the

banquets and dancing, it may be said that the Chinese banquet is like group dance, and the western

banquet

is

like

men

and

women

dancing.

This

shows

that communication

purpose

of

Chinese

banquet and western banquet are very obvious. Only the Chinese banquet is more popular in the

communion, but western banquet shows guests reflected in the friendship between neighbors.

The more obvious differences between Chinese and western dietary patterns is buffet dinner which

is popular in the West. This method is to display all food, and everybody is picking not fixed in his