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节日作文之中西方节日比较英语作文

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2021-02-20 14:37
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2021年2月20日发(作者:chipset是什么意思)


中西方节日比较英语作文




【篇一:中西方节日文化差异比较



中英文版】



oecd says unemployment will continue to rise



oecd


:工业化国家失业率持续攀升


despite reports that many


industrialized economies are beginning to



emerge from their worst economic crisis in decades,


unemployment is rising and will likely reach a historic peak of


nearly 10 percent next year. the findings come from the


organization for economic cooperation and development in


paris.



经济合作与发展组织星期三报告说,工业化国家的失业率仍在增加,


而且有可能在明 年达到近


10%


的历史最高水平,尽管不断有报道说,


很多工业化国家正在走出几十年来最严重的经济危机。



indications that unemployment continues to rise is grim news


for leaders heading to the g-20 summit in the united states


next week. the paris-based organization for economic


cooperation and development reports unemployment reached


its highest level among industrialized nations of 8.5 percent in


july.




对于下个星期到美国出席


20


国集团峰会的各国领导人来说, 失业率


继续上升真是个坏消息。总部设在巴黎的经合组织说,工业化国家


的失业率已经在今年


7


月份达到


8.5%


的最高水平。



oecd unemployment division chief stephan scarpetta says the


number of jobless among the oecds 30 member countries is


expected to climb even higher next year, to nearly 10 percent.


that translates into 57 million people out of work.




经合组 织就业分析和政策部主任斯蒂芬


.


斯卡皮塔

(stephan


scarpetta)


指出,经合组织


30


个成员国中的失业人数预计在明年将


进一步攀升,达到接近


10%


的水平。也就是说,工业化国家 总共会



5



7


百万人失去工作。



unfortunately, despite the most recent indicators that suggest


the



[economic] recovery may be in sight somewhat earlier than we


were



expecting only a few months ago, it will take far [longer] for


the recovery to materialize in terms of significant improvement


in the labor market, he said.




不幸的是,尽管最近绝大多数指标都显示,经济复苏可能已经出现,


比我们几个月前 的预期有所提前,但是这次复苏可能需要更长的时


间才能转化成劳工市场的显著改善。< /p>




the united states, spain and ireland are among those countries


with the fastest rising unemployment. all three were affected


by the collapse of high housing prices. the damage spread to


other sectors of the economy.


美国、西班牙和爱尔兰是


oecd< /p>



员中失业率上升最快的国家。这三个国家都受到高昂的房地产价 格


暴跌的影响。而且房地产市场崩溃所造成的破坏扩散到了经济的其

他领域。



scarpetta says young people are among the hardest hit. in


spain, for example, more than one in three young workers are


unemployed.




斯卡皮塔指出,年轻人受到的冲击最大。比如在西班牙,三分之一


以上的 年轻人找不到工作。



so as world leaders discuss the financial and economic crisis


during their meeting in pittsburgh, pennsylvania, scarpetta


says it is important they also address the social dimensions of


the crisis - like unemployment.

< p>
他说,当世界领袖们在宾夕法尼亚


州的匹兹堡开会讨论金融和经济危机的时 候,至关重要的是,他们


需要关注这次危机对社会的影响,尤其是失业问题。

< p>


the good news is that countries have already acted quite


quickly and decisively, i would say, he said. part of the


stimulus packages have been additional resources for labor


markets and social policies.“


好消息是:各国已经迅速和果断地采


取了 行动。他们经济刺激计划的一部分就是在劳工市场和社会政策


方面提供更多的资源。




but efforts by governments to extend and prolong


unemployment



benefits, and to offer more job counseling and training have


not kept up with the rising numbers of jobless. scarpetta says


that means countries will need to target their resources more


selectively and to ensure that the most vulnerable members of


the labor force benefit.




可问题是,各国政府虽然扩大和延长了失业补贴的发放,并且 提供


了更多的就业咨询和



培训,但是 这些措施并没有赶上失业人口的增加。斯卡皮塔表示,


各国因此而需要更有选择性地分配 资源,以确保劳工队伍中最为脆


弱的群体能够得到帮助。




中西方节日文化差异比较



a holiday of a nation represents a glorious culture and


concentrated customs of a nation.




传统的民族节日形成是一个民族的历史文化的长期积淀。节日的由


来原因与人 们的生活有密切的联系


,


它体现了人民丰富的情感世界


,


寄托了人民对生活的热爱。有这样一句名言


: “


每个民族的每个节日


,


正是反映这 个民族文化最真实的一面



。可见


,


要了解一个民族的文


化底蕴


,


必须从他们的传统节日入手


,


才能了解到他们 的文化特色与民


族特点。



there is a great difference in culture between china and


western countries, the truth of which is self-evident, for


example, language, education, festival, and so on. no one can


deny it. therefore, i choose this topic to study. “a holiday of a


nation represents a glorious culture and concentrated customs


of a nation.”there are many festival in the world, but a lot of


people don’t know any festivals of them, and in the sam


e


country, different festivals have different meanings and even


the same festival in different countries is celebrated in their


own ways. through contrastive analysis of chinese and


western festivals, it is interesting to understand the unique


charm and the cultural implication of their holiday culture.




一、中西节日的起源与形成差异




中国长期以来处于封建自给自足的农业社会和自然经济中


, < /p>


其传统节


日具有浓厚的农业色彩


,


包含了农耕文明的社会特征


,


主要是从岁时节


令转换而来的。我国古代长期以农为本


,

在生产力和农业技术不发达


的情况下


,

十分重视气候对农作物的影响。在春种、夏长、秋收、冬


藏的过程中认识了自然时序 的复杂规律


,


总结出四时、二十四节气


,


形成了以 节日为主的传统节日。勤劳的中国人民为了更好地生存


,



须大力发展农业


,


而农业的发展离不开天气的关照。古人云



春雨贵


如油





清明忙种麦


,


谷雨种大田


。在古代


,


春节、清明节等都是重


要的农事节日。




西方文化由于长久受基督教的影响


,


其传统节日起源带有浓厚的宗教


色彩


,


如情人节


(


纪念名叫瓦丁的基督教殉 难者


)


、复活节


(

< br>基督教纪


念耶稣复活


)


、万圣节


(


纪念教会所有圣人


)


、圣诞节


(


基督教纪念耶稣


诞生


)


,这些节日的起源大多与宗教有关系。当然


,


西方节日中也有


和农业有关的节日


,


但他们以农业为主的节日的历史不如中国漫长。




二、中西节日庆祝方式差异




中国的传统节日


,


基本是封建社会时期形成的


,


不可避免地留下封建


社会的痕迹


: < /p>


等级制、家族式


,


节日无不以家族内部活 动为中心。西方


的传统节日就不同了


,


更多的是表现出人们的互动性、集体性和狂欢



,


以自我为中心


,


崇尚个性张扬。这与中国节日的 家族性恰好相反


,


体现了西方文化的群体性

< br>,


反映了人们渴望互相交流、群体参与的愿


< p>
,


体现了人人平等、自由表现自我的特点。这里试举两例说明。

< p>



( 1) first of all, let’s have an analysis of spring festival in china


and christmas day in western countries.



in china, people regard spring festival as a very important


holiday, because in the spring, there has been glorious


weather with hundreds of flowers struggling colorfully.


everything is renewed and its beauty is beyond description. for


several millennia chinese people like celebrating the most


significant holiday



spring festival. its original meaning is


from agriculture. in ancient time, people instituted the paddy


growth cycle as the “years”. in the booked titled“shou wen he


bu”, there is a saying: “the year, the valley is ripe.”afte


r the


victory of 1911 revolution in chinese modern times, the year


name has been fixedly gotten down. the nanjing provisional


government stipulated to use lunar calendar stin the folk. and


in the factory and school, the jan 1 of new year’s day in lunar


calendar is called spring festival.



there is a fable about spring festival. in ancient time, there was


a man named wan nian, who saw the jieling at that time was


very messy, so he decided to fix jieling. but he didn’t find the


method to compute time. one day, he was tired of chopping


wood on the mountain, and then was seated under the shade.


the moving shadow of trees inspired him, and he designed a


sundial device, which could test the time of day by shade



of the sun. and later, the spring drop inspired him. he made a


five-story vessel to measure the time. after a long time, he


found every 360 days on the cycle time and the length of day


repeats. at that time, the monarch named zuyi who was often


distressed at the weather changes in the mishap so soon,


knew that and ordered wan nian to take the vessel to tell him


the truth of the sun and moon’s running. hearing that, zuyi was


very happy, and hoped it could test sun



moon law and the eve


of the morning acutely. thereafter the people had been


benefited from this creator calendar a lot.




after the winter, the spring comes. after years’ of long


-term


and careful observation, accurate sun calendar was made.


when wan nian presented a solar calendar to the monarch, he


had totally been changed into an old man. the monarch was


moved deeply by wan nian’s deed. the monarch appointed wan


nian as the sun-moon god of longevity, in order to


commemorate his achievements. since then when people hung


shouxing map on spring festival, it was reported to be honor of


the distinguished wan nian.




in the west, the christmas, the western countries’ most


solemn festival, is similar to the spring festival in china. the


period from december 24 to the january 6 of baptism section in


the following year can be referred to christmas festival.



why is christmas the most important festival in western


countries? that is because of the commemoration of the birth


of jesus. in bible the virgin mary, pregnant by the holy spirit,


gave birth to jesus in the manger because she didn’t find room


in the hotel when returning home on the road. therefore later


generation commemorated the birth of jesus in december for


christmas. with the spread of christianity, christmas has


become an important festival among christians and even it is


necessarily the case of the non



christians.



in many countries of europe, people attach great importance


to this festival, and its celebration is much grander, and


gradually christmas becomes a national festival.



on the evening of dec.31th, the people in the west flock into


the streets to have a grand carnival. there are brilliant


fireworks in the sky, drifting with melodious singing on the


land. particularly close to the late zero 0’clock, tens of


thousands of people gather in to pray sincerely and silently for


the coming year’s count


down. when the bell sounds 12,


suddenly, the beautiful music sound, people are singing


happily and talking cheerfully, playing all long night. like the


spring festival dinner in china, westerners also lay emphasis


on christmas family party and they will sit around christmas


tree, eat the feast meal and sing in christmas carol and pray for


happiness. turkey will be put on the christmas dinner table.


after everyone enjoys himself, they will jump to the “disco” or


“kangaroo dance.”



in the end, both spring festival and christmas day have their


own characters. on the eve of new year in china, people will


hold the family reunion without inviting the bystander, which


has almost become a common custom. “spring festival has


dense national culture and traditional atmosphere; it has the


glorious history and the unique beauty.”in the west, christmas


day has its own unique culture. on the christmas eve, when the


bell sounds 12, santa claus who brings the gift and the best


wish for each person will arrive. at this night, people are


jumping with joy, running uestrainedly to the avenue, hugging


one another, whether they know each other. “the christmas


day has the air of the time and the tidal sense of touch, so it is


more close to the modern life.”




春节与新年。作为新一年的开始


,


中 西方有着极大差异的庆祝方式。


春节作为中国最重要的传统节日


,


源于秦朝


,


定于每年农历的一月 一



,


从农历


12



23


日开始

,


人民开始开展各种庆祝方式


,


一直持续到


元宵节。春节的习俗繁多


,


如大扫除、吃团圆饭拜年、放鞭炮


,


舞狮


子等。总之


,


不论是大街小巷


,


都笼罩着一股浓浓的喜庆气氛。而西方


,


他们崇尚的是



过公历新年


,


即元旦。相比之下他们过年的方式就浪漫多了


,



12



31


日晚


,


各地区的人民涌上街道


,


进行盛大的狂欢


,


到了深夜接近零时



,


数十万人会聚集于一起


,


诚心地祈祷 ,为新的一年的到来倒计时。


当大钟敲响


12

< br>下


,


顿时


,


优美的乐曲奏响


,


揭开了华丽舞会的序幕


,



们通宵达旦地庆祝。可见


,


春节与新年各有千秋


:


春节


,


充满浓厚的传


统气息和独有的魅力


;


新年


,


体现时代的气息和潮流的感觉


,


更贴近现


代生活。




( 2) secondly, let’s have an analysis of zhongyuan festival in


china and halloween day in western countries. july in the lunar


year is the month for ghosts. in this month, the souls will be


released from the hades, but people will be organized to hold


activities to entertain them with their hospitality for this rare


holidays. particularly on jul.15th, zhongyuan festival, every


family will prepare for rich offerings to sacrifice these good


brothers who come from the nether world.



zhongyuan festival is also the yulan pot festival in buddhism,


which originates from the familiar story “mulian saving her


mother”. mulian is one of the buddha’s disciples. because his


mother was greedy in nature, after the death she was threw


into the samara hungry ghost road, and was unable to come


back forever. in order to rescue his mother, he made“the


thyulan pot festival” on the lunar jul.15, worshiping buddha


and monks with five fruits, in the hope of releasing the


ancestor from suffering in the hades.



in the west, this festival is called halloween day. it begins from


oct.31th to nov. 7th, and is the third important festivals next to


christmas day and thanksgiving day. such is the origin of


halloween day. the de ruyt who lived in great britain and


ireland believed that there were many gods dominating their


lives. and on the de ruyt’s new years eve, the de ruyt people let


youths gather in a team, wearing strange masks, holding


carved turnip carrot lights, wandering across the villages. it


was thought to be a harvest celebration in the fall. according to


the legend, the dead people will visit on the eve of halloween. it


is said that people should let the ghost see their satisfactory


harvest and present abundant



sacrifice to them. both the bonfires and lights are not only to


scare away the ghosts, but also to illuminate them back to the


place where they come from.



on this day, people can disguise themselves freely and make


trouble to their heart’s content. on many public occasions and


home compound, people lay out different kinds of decoration


in the windows and doors, such as pumpkin lights, a


scarecrow and even the skeleton. every family will hold a


dressing ball, and put on fruit and other crops on the table.



comparing with these two holidays, i find that the two festivals


are all to sacrifice ghosts. however, there is a difference


between them. that is, zhongyuan festival lasts a shorter time,


when families gathering to commemorate the ancestors; while


halloween lasts longer, people can take part in procession


outdoors, and enjoy beautiful and particular day, in harmony


with the nature in a maximum way.




万圣节与中元节。万圣节作为西方的重要节日之一


,


颇受人民的重视。


那一天


,


每户门前都要挂上一盏南瓜灯


,


人人 都穿上奇装异服


,


据说有


辟邪之用。其 实


,


作为先进的发达国家


,


人们对于鬼怪已不再迷信


,



们多半是为了寻开心而已。同时


,


人们还举行 盛大的化装舞会。他们

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