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名师指津
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高中英语语法
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主从复合句
38
Ill
never
forget
the
day
_____
I
spent
my
holiday in Hawaii
先行词是表示时间的词且在定语从句中作状语相当于
on
which
故用关系副词
39
Ill
never
forget
the
day
___________
I
spent
there
虽然先行
词是表示时间的词但在定语从句中作
spent
的宾语故用关系
代词
whichthat when 5 Jane
paused in front of a counter _______some
attractive ties were on display
因两句之间没有连词
必定是填连词后句是
定语从句
要填的词在从句中作地点状语
故填关系副词
where where 6 One day
he
came
up
with
an
idea
_____
he
would
pluck
up
all
of
his
crop
a
few
inches
He did so the next day
引导同位语从句
说明
idea
的具体同内容
从句的结构
和意义完整
用
that
引导
that 7 The head of the village was tying up his
horse to my car to pull it to a small
town some 20 kilometers away _____
there was a garage
先行词是
a small town
并在定语从句中作状语
用
where
in which
引导定语从句注意
先行词与定语从句之间被
some 20
kilometers
away
隔开了
where 8 I
was wondering where I was going to spend the night
when
I
realized
that
the
villagers
who
had
gathered
around
me
were
arguing
as to 32 ____ should have the honour of
receiving me as a guest in their
house
因
as to
关于
是介词
其后应接宾语
由
should
have
可知
as
to
后是宾
语从句
宾语从句中
should
have
是谓语
前面缺主语
由常识可知有幸接待我的
应是人
故用
who
引导宾语从句
< br> who
灵活运用
1 Before a
problem can be
solved it must be
obvious _____ the problem itself is
在此引导主语从句
同时它在主语从句中用作表语句意为
在解决一个问题之前必须要弄明白问题本
身是什么
what
2 It was never clear _____ the man hadnt reported
the
accident sooner
根据主句句意可知
句意为这个人为什么没有更早报告事故从
未被弄明白
why
3
It
is
still
under
discussion
_______the
old bus
station
should be replaced with a modern hotel
or not
根据句末的
or not
可知
whether
引导的是主语从句
句首的
it
为形式主语
句意为老车站是否会被一家
现代化的宾馆取代还
在讨论中
whether 4 Im afraid he is more of
a talker
than a doer which is ____ he
never finishes anything
引导表语从句
用以
解释
he never
finishes anything
的原因
why 5
The shocking news made me
realize
_____ terrible problems we would face
在此引导宾语从句
同时
它在宾语从句中修饰
terrible problems
并与
terrible problems
一样用作动
词
face
的宾语句意
为这条令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们会面临多么可怕的问
题
what 6 It is not always easy for the public to see
_____use a new
invention can be of to
human life
在此引导宾语从句同时在宾语从句中用作
定语
修饰
use 7 I
want to be liked and loved for _____I am inside <
/p>
引
导宾语从句并在宾语从句中用作表语句意为我想因为自己内在的
东西而受人喜
欢和热爱
what
what
8Part
of
the
reason
Charles
Dickens
loved
his
own
novel
David
Copperfield
was
_____
it
was
rather
closely
modeled
on
his
own
life
固定句式
The reason forwhy is
that
的原因是
中的
that
引导表语从句
that 9 _____ some people regard as a
drawback is seen as a plus by many
others
引导主语从句并在主语从句中作动词
regard
的宾语
相当于
the thing
that
句意为被一些人视为不利因素的东西在另外许多人看来则是有利的因素
< br>
What 10 Cindy shut the door heavily
and burst into tears No one in the
office knew _____ she was so angry
引导宾语从句表示的原因为什么
用<
/p>
why
句意是
没有人知道他如此生气的原因
why 11 Have
you finished the book
No Ive
read up to _____the children discover the secret
cave
引导宾语
从句
用作介词
to
的宾语
其意为的地方
12
It
never
occurred
to
me
____
you
could succeed in persuading him to
change his mind
引导主语从句
句首
的
it
为形式主语
句型
It never occurred to me
that
的意思是我从来没有想到
where that 13 ____________ all of them
are strong candidates only one
will be
chosen for the post
在此表示虽然尽管句意为
尽管他们所有的人都
是很强的候选人
但这个职位只选一个
WhileAlthough 14
To show our respect
we
usually
have
to
take
our
gloves
off ________we
are
to
shake
hands
with
在此引导让步状语从句
与
no matter
who
同义
句意为为了表示礼貌
无论我们
与谁握手
我们通常都要摘下手套
whoever 15 It was
April 29 2001 _____
Prince William and
Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the
wedding ceremony
此题很容易误解为强调句型事实上
此
题是考查
when
引导的
时间状语从句
句式为
It is was
时间
when
从句
其字面意思是当的时候
时间是
when
16
As
it
reported
it
is
100
years _____
Qinghua
University
was founded
根据主句的一般现在时
is
和从句的一般过去时
was founded
可
知
只有<
/p>
since
适合这类句式
表示自以来有多长时间了
since 17
______regular
exercise
is
very
important
its
never
a
good
idea
to
exercise
too close to
bedtime
本题意为除非定期的锻炼非常重要否则在太靠近上床睡
觉的时间进行锻炼不是个好主意
Unless
18
______
they
decide
which
college
to go to students
should research the admission procedures
引导状语从
句表示一旦
19
The
girl
had
hardly
rung
the
bell
_____
the
door
was
opened
suddenly and her friend rushed out to
greet her
因
hardlywhen
是固定句
式
表示刚就
when Once 20 The old
man asked Lucy to move to another
_________chair he wanted to sit next
to his wife
引导原因状语从句
21
The little boy wont go to sleep
______his mother tells him a story
引
导条件状语从句表示除非如果不用
unless because
unless 22 John thinks it
wont be long
_____ he is ready for his new job
固定句式
it wont be long
before
不久之后就
23
______________________ the Internet is of great
help I dont think its a good idea to
spend too much time on it
表示尽
管虽然引导让步状语从句
AlthoughThoughWhile
before
24
_________
hungry
I
am I
never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of
bread
表示不管多
么后接形容词或副词用
however
相当于
no matter how
25 Whatever is left
over
may
be
put
into
the
refrigerator
_______
it
will
keep
for
two
or
three
weeks
由于定语从句
it
will
keep
for
two
or
three
weeks
是一个整的句子
并
不缺主语或宾语
先行词
the refrigerator
冰箱
表地点
where However 26
Mary was much kinder
to Jack than she was to the others ______ of
course
made all the others upset
引导非限制性定语从句
且在定语从句
中用主语注
意关系代词
which
与其
后的谓语动词
made
被
of
course
隔开了
which 27
Between the two parts of the concert is
an interval _____ the audience
can
buy
ice-cream
做好此
题的关键是要知道
interval
这个词的意思
它表示间
隔幕间休息
也就是说它是一个表示时间的名词
所
以其后用表示时间的关系副
词
when
when
28The
days
are
gone
_____
physical
strength
was
all
you
needed
to
make
a
living
在此引导定语从句修饰先行词
the
days
由于先行词指时间
故
要用关系副词
when when
29 The school shop _______ customers are mainly
students is closed for the holidays
在此引导定语从句
同时在定语从句中
作定语
根据句意
由于
shop
与
customers
之间
为所有关系
故填
whose
whose
30
The old
town has
narrow streets
and
small houses ______ were
built close
to each other
引导定语从句
并充当从句的主语
31 Stephen Hawking
believes that the earth is unlikely to
be the only planet _______ life
has
developed
gradually
引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语
where
that
32
Ive
become good friends
with several of
the students in
my school
_____I
met in the English speech
contest last year
引导定语从句并在从句中作
met
的宾语
先行词是表示人的
students
故用关系代词
who
注意先行词与关系代
词之间被
in
my
school
分隔开了
要注意分辨
who
33
The
girl
arranged
to
have
piano
lessons
at
the
training
centre
with
her
sister
______
she
would
stay
for an hour
引导定语从句
用以修饰先行词
the training centrewh
ere
在此相
当于
and
there
where
34
As
a
child
Jack
studied
in
a
village
school
_____
is named after his
grandfather
引导非限制性定语从句
并在定语从句中作主
语
先行词是
village
school 35
I
refuse
to
accept
the
blame
for
something
_____ was someone
elses fault
引导定语从句并在从句中作主语
先行词
something
指事物
多用
that
which
that
36
All
____
glitters
is
not
good
先
行词是指物的
all
时
关系代词只能用
that 37 This is the boy _____
mother
is a teacher
作定语指那个男孩的母亲
whose that 2 The
teacher
whowhomthat you
want
to
see
is
coming
你要见的老师来了
作
see
的宾语
可
以省略
3 I met a
boy whose father was a
astronaut
我认识一位男孩
他
的父亲是宇航员
作定语
4 I like the book
whichthat was bought
yesterday
我喜欢昨天买的那本书
5
This
is
the
factory whichthat we
visited
last
year
这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂
作<
/p>
visited
的宾语
可以省略
6
He
has
a
book whose
cover the cover of which is very beautiful
他有一本封面非
常漂亮的书
7
Last night I saw a very good film which
不用
that was
about
the Second World
War
昨晚我看了一部非常优秀的影片
这部影片是关于
二战的
8
Charles
Smith
who
不用
that was
my
former
teacher
retired
last
year
查理·史密斯去年退休了
他曾经是我的老师
9 We must help
those who
不用
that need
help
我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人
10
All
that
不用
which
can be
done has been done
能做的都已经做了
11 This is the best that
不
用
which has been
used against
pollution
这是用来防止污染的最好办法
12
They often talk about the people and
the things that
不用
that they
are
interested
in
他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和事
13
The
time
when at
which I first met Nelson
Mandela was a
very difficult
period
of my life
第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德
拉的时候是我一生中非常艰难的时期
14The school
where atin which I studied was 3
kilometers away from my home
我读过
书的那所学校离我家有三公里远
15The reason why for which he was late
was
that
he
missed
his
train
他迟到是因为误了火车
16
Dont
forget
the
time
thatwhich Ive
told
you
别忘了我告诉你的时间
17
The
earthquake
was
felt
in
Beijing which is more than two hundred kilometers
away
两百公里以外
的北京市都感到了地震
18 The room whose window faces south is
mine
那间
窗子朝南开的房间是我的
19 Thats the reasons thatwhich he explained
to us
这就是他向我们解释的理由
1
定义定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的名
词后面这个名词叫
做先行词连接主句与从句的词叫关系词
2
关系词有三个作
用一是连接主句与从句二是指代先行词三是在从句中充当句子成分
3
选择关
系词的两条重要依据先行词是人还是物在从句
中作何种句子成分
归纳总结
where
地点
thatin
which-
way
后
why
reason
后
when
时间
作状语
whoseof
which
whose
作定语
who m that
作宾语
whichthat
物
whothat
人
作主语
先行词
⑴
在限制性定语从句中
which
who
whom
都可用
that
代替关系代词作宾
语时常被省略
⑵
在非限制性定语从句中
或者当先行词
是指人的
thoseanyoneeveryonepeople
heallfewone s
等时
不能用
that
引导
< br>
⑶
以下
情况下一般用
that
①当先行词是指物的
alllittlefew
muchanyanythingeverything
nothingnonethe one
时
或先行词被
alllittle
few much any every
no
等修饰时
②
先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时
或
者先行词被序数词
包括
lastnext
最高级形容词及
the onlythe
very
等修饰时
③
先行词包括人和物时
⑷
当先行词是表示时间地点原因
且只能是
reason
等
且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时
就分别用
whenwherewhy
来引导定语从
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