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虚拟语气
:
表示说的话不是事实，
不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，
表达一种愿望、
建
议、假设。
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一、条件状语从句中的用法
从句
谓语形式
主句
谓语形式
were/ did
would/could/should
现在
(+not)
+
do
had done
过去
would/could/should/might
(not)
+ have
done
1.
were/did
would/could/should/might
将来
2.
should
do
(not)
3.
were to
do
+ do
简单记法：
if
were/did, would do
if had
done, would have done
if
were to do/should do, would do
举例：
If I were you, I would do nothing about
it.
If you had taken your
teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a
mistake.
If it were to/
should rain tomorrow(
表示降水率很低
)
，
they wouldn’t go
shopping.
附注：
虚拟语气，条件状从倒装
状语从句中，去掉
if,
提前
were/ had/
should
如：
If I
were you, I would give up.
→Were I you, I would give
up
If you had taken the
advice, you would have….
→Had you taken the advice, you would
have…
If the world should
come to an end,……
→Should
the world come to an end……
另外，
without, but for, otherwi
se
构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气
But for the popularization of
electricity, we would lead a whole different life
today.
(popularization
普及，
publicity
宣传
)
Without your help, I would have
failed.
We’ll go earlier,
otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.
（表示可能性小）
但其实，高中英语考试也常考：
错综虚拟语气条件句
即：
假设条件状从发生的时间与所假
设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句
要根据各自的时间而定。
举例：
If our
government had known better how to lay out the
road construction, the traffic
jam
problem would not be so serious today.
(lay out
规划、设计、安排、陈设、摆放
…
layout
n.
布局、规划
)
二、特殊句式：
1. wish
+
宾语从句
现在
Were
／
did
Had
done
过去
将来
Would/could/might do
去掉
should
I wish my parents wouldn’t punish
me.
I wish I hadn’t made
such an irrevocable mistake.
(irrevocable
不可撤销、不可以挽
回的
)
2.
「十个词」
一坚持：
insist
（表示
坚持主张、认为
，不表示
坚持说
）
二命令：
order,
command
三建议：
advise, propose,
suggest
（表示
建议
，不表示
表明、显示、暗示
）
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四要求：
desire, demand,
require, request
(
两
R
两
D)
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用
(should +) do
的形式
should
可省略
例：
We
suggested that Tom
（
should
）
have
a
rest.
It’s suggested that
the plan be carried out before long.
(before long,
不久之后
, long
before
很久以前
)
尝试翻译：他
坚决要求
我到场
同时，
这些动词的名词形式构成的名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、同位语）
也要用虚拟语气
order, advice, suggestion,
proposal, demand, request, desire.
例
It’s an order
that the soldiers obey the rules in the
army.
My suggestion is that
everyone
of us three
finish
one part of this
project and then we
integrate them
together.
(integrate
整合
)
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