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过去分词短语作状语
非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。
其中在学习分词的过程中
应该明确，
在大多
数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式，
目的在于使语言更为简练，
尤其在书面语中。
所以
无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、
被动、
时态有着密切的关系。过去分词短
语在句中作状语可表示原因、
时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。例如：
d by the
neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。
（表示原因）
2. Once seen, it can never be
forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。
（表示
时间）
from the top of the
castle, the park looks very beautiful.
（表示条件）
从城堡顶端看，公园十分美丽
told of the danger, he still risked his life to
entered the cave.
虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。
（表示让步）
with
hopes and fears, he dived deep into the
ocean.
（表示伴随）
心中充满了希望与恐惧，他跳进了深海里。
在使用过去分词作状语时
,
为了体现
上下两部分
(
句子层面
)
的逻辑关系
,
句子中常出现过去
< br>分词和连词的连带使用
,
比如例
2
和例
4
那样的结构
< br>.
通过众多例句分析
,
我们
发现过去分词
作状语以下几种情形：
一、
句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系
例：
_______ by the beauty of
nature, the girl from London decided to spend
another two days on
the farm .
（
2004
，辽宁）
A
．
Attracting
B
．
Attracted
C. To be attracted
D
．
Having
attracted
分析：
答案为
B
。
句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系
。
可以把状
语部分转换为
:
（
As the girl was
）
attracted by the beauty of
the nature,
?
attracted
表示被动
意义“
被迷住，被吸引”
。
If they
are applied in agriculture, the machines will save
farmers much labor.
=If
applied in agriculture, the machines will save
farmers much labor.
如果将这些机器
用于农业，就可以省去农民很多劳动。注：连词
if
，通常保留
。
二、由一些含
be
动词的短语或系表结构转换来的。这时，句子的主语与作状语用的过去分
词之间
在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。
学过的能够用于这种结构的常见短语有
:
be interested in
，
be disappointed
at/in/with
，
be pleased with
，
be astonished shocked
at
，
be
embarrassed about,
be
confused puzzled about
be frightened
terrified of
，
be
scared horrified of
，
be experienced at
be engaged in
，
be occupied with
，
be involved in
，
be armed with
be furnished with
be seated
in
be dressed (up) in
be
concerned about
be based on
be buried in
，
be bent on
，
be focused on
，
be concentrated
on
，
be prepared
with
，
be
satisfied with
be addicted
to
，
be accustomed
to
，
be
adaptedadjusted to
，
be used to
be
related to
be connected to with
be linked to
be associated
with
be concerned
with
，
be
stuckcaught(up)trapped in
be covered with
be filled
with
be surrounded
withby
，
be faced
(up)with
be equipped
with
，
be determined to do sth
be devoted committed to
be upset about
be well-known
asforto
be designed for
be meantintended for
be
convinced of
be sentenced to
be amazed surprised at
be
disappointed with
be lost in
be located in
be charged with
be absorbed
in
be attached to
be ashamed of
be
mistaken about
be compared with
……
例：
________ in a white
uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.<
/p>
（
2005
，湖南）
A. Dressed
B. To dress
C. Dressing
D. Having dressed
分析：答案为
A
。可以把状语部分转换为：
When ( he was
) dressed in a white uniform,
?作状
语的过去分词
dressed
来自于“
be dressed in
”
这个短语。
be dressed in
表穿着的状态，如：
She is dressed in a
blue skirt.
句子的主语
he
与作状语用的过去分词
dressed
之间在逻辑上并
没有被动的关系。
例：
________ in the mountains
for a week, the two students were finally saved by
the local police
（
2005
，江苏）
A. Having lost
B. Lost
C.
Being lost
D. Losing
分析：
答案为<
/p>
B
。
可以把状语部分转换为
: (After the two students were) lost in the
mountains for
a
week,
?
.
作状语的过去分词<
/p>
lost
来自于
“
be lost in
”
迷路，
迷失
。
如：
He was lost in the
forest.
句子的主语
the two
students
与作状语用的过去分词
lost
之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。
三、分词短语由“
while/when/unless/if/once
/though/although+
过去分词”构成。它们都可
以转换成由
“
while/when/unless/if
/once /though/although +
主语
+
谓语
+
过去分词”
结构，
这样，整个句子就变
成了状语从句。句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被
动的关系。近年来高
考题单项填空题中多次考查了这种用法，值得我们复习时注意。
例：
The research is so
designed that once______ nothing can be done to
change it. (2002,
广东
)
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
分析：
答案为
D
。
可以把此句转换为状语从句：
The research is so
designed that once (it is )begun
nothing can be done to change it.
例：
Unless______ to speak, you
should remain silent at the conference.
(2003,
上海春招
)
A. invited
B.
inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
分析：答案为
A
。可以把状语部分转换为：
Unless
(you are) invited to speak,
?
例：
Generally speaking, ______
according to directions, the drug has no side-
effect. (2003
上海
)
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
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