航海英语听力与会话评估

航海英语听力与会话大证评估

Chapter 1

口述

1. Please say something about your hometown.

a) The geographical position, population, and features of your hometown.

b) The environment and customs of your hometown.

c) The specialties of your hometown.

Nanjing

is

my

hometown.

It

is

the

capital

of

Jiangsu

Province.

The

Yangtze

River

runs

through it. It has a long history of 2400 years. It is known as one of the six ancient capital

cities

in

China.

Since

the

3

rd

century,

about

ten

dynasties

have

made

it

their

capital.

In

Nanjing,

spring

and

autumn

are

short.

In

summer,

it

is

very

hot.

There

are

many

famous

places in Nanjing, such as Xuanwu Lake, Confucius Temple, Dr. Sun Yat-

sen’s Mausoleum,

etc. People in Nanjing are industrious and hospitable. Welcome to Nanjing!

2. Please say something about yourself.

a) Your name, age, rank, working experiences, hobbies.

b) Your daily work.

c) Your spare time activities.

My

name is … I’m … years old. I’m from ... Now I’m studying in Jiangsu Maritime Institute.

I

major

in

navigation.

I

will

graduate

next

year.

I

have

a

wide

range

of

interests.

I

like

collecting

stamps,

and

I

can

learn

much

knowledge

from

it .I

like

playing

basketball

and

listening

to

music,

too.

But

I

don’t

like

playing

football

and

watching

TV

.

I

have

many

friends.

3. Please say something about your family.

a) Members of your family.

b) Their occupations.

c) Their hobbies and characteristics.

My

name is ... I’m … years old. I’m from ... There are … people in my family. They are ...

My grandmother is over … years old, but she

is very healthy. My father is a …, he is … years

old. My mother is a …, she is ... (years old). They work very hard. I’m studying in Jiangsu

Maritime Institute now. We love each other. We live a happy life.

4. Your favorite port you have called at.

a) A simple introduction of the port.

b) Reasons why you like it.

c) Anything special about it.

I

have called at Shanghai harbor and I like it very much. Shanghai is a large seaport. It lies at

the

mouth

of

the

Yangtze

River

on

the

east

coast

of

China.

I

was

impressed

by

its

prosperousness and its size. Everyday a number of ships with imported and exported goods

1

come

in

and

out

of

Shanghai

harbor.

Large

vessels

of

50

thousand

tonnages

can

enter

it

freely and the annual shipping volume of Shanghai Harbor has reached about 440 million tons.

There are a lot of stevedoring areas and the port has been equipped with all kinds of advanced

loading and unloading facilities. Shanghai Harbor is playing an important part in our nation’s

shipping industry.

5. Please say something about your responsibilities on board.

a) Your position on board.

b) Your daily work on board.

c) Your duties on board.

I

work as a third officer on M.V

. …I do plenty of work on board. During navigation, I stand

watches on the bridge and maneuver the ship. In port, I keep the deck watches. Besides, I take

charge of the fire-fighting and life-saving appliances and keep them in normal condition. I am

also responsible for signaling equipment, the International Code Signal flags and other flags

and for maintaining and accounting for all training publications and training aids.

问答

1.

What’s your date of birth?

May 1

st

, 1988 was my birthday.

2.

What’s your seaman’s book number?

XXXX.

3.

Where are you from?

I’m from Jiangsu, China.

4.

What’s your captain’s nationality?

Chinese, I think.

5.

What do you think is the most important thing on board?

Safety.

6.

Which ports do you often call at?

New York.

7.

What is your favorite TV program?

CCTV 5 Sports. /CCTV News.

8.

What is your favorite Web site?

Shoo / yahoo/ Sian/ Baidu/ Google.

9.

What is your favorite day of the week? Why?

Saturday. I can have a good sleep.

10.

What is your favorite kind of movie?

Action film/ Horror film/ Comedy film/ Tragedy film.

11.

What is your favorite kind of music?

Classical / Folk/pop/ Rock and roll music.

12.

What is your favorite magazine?

Readers/Times/ Forum.

13.

What is the population of your hometown?

2

There are over 5million people in my hometown.

14.

What is your population of your country?

1,300,000,000 (one point three billion people.)

15.

What is the best thing about your hometown?

Dishes/Food.

16.

What is the worst thing about your hometown?

Traffic density/ Dirty environment.

17.

What’s your hometown like?

It looks like a beautiful garden.

18.

Do you have many disasters in your country which are caused by weather?

Yes, there are. Earthquake/ Seaquake/ Typhoon/Flooding.

19.

What sports do you like to watch on TV?

Basketball/ Soccer/ Swimming.

20.

What do you think is the most popular sport in the world?

Basketball/ Soccer/ Swimming.

Chapter Two

口述

1. Say something about how to apply for radio pratique.

a) Your ship’s particulars and voyage briefs.

b) Crewmembers’ health condition, cargo information and ship’s sanitary condition

at present.

c) Some certificates relating to quarantine inspection.

First

, you must report your ship’s particulars, such as vessel’s name, call sign, draft, tonnage,

kind of vessel, the time to arrive at the quarantine anchorage, the departure port, the ports you

have called at, destination port and so on.

Then you must report the number of the crew members to the quarantine officer, and whether

there are sick persons on board. Get rid of rats.

Finally

you

must

report

some

certificates

relating

to

quarantine

inspection,

such

as

Vaccination Certificate, De-

ratting Certificate, Ship’s Sanitary Certificate and so on.

2. Describe the requirements on ship’s seaworthiness in terms of certificates and papers

which need to be carried on board.

a) List major certificates on board and describe their particulars.

b) Categorize those certificates (class certificates, statutory certificates).

c) The management of those certificates

Major

certificates on board are Certificate of Vessel’s

Registration which contains

vessel’s

name, port of registry, signal letter and so on; International Tonnage Certificate which covers

main dimensions and tonnage; Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate which shows the

condition of the structure, machinery and equipment; Minimum Safety Manning Certificate

which shows whether the ship is safely manned; International Load-line Certificate

which

3

shows it has been marked in accordance with the convention of the International Load-line

Certificate and so on.

Class ce

rtificates are issued by the Vessel’s Classification Association, such as International

Tonnage

Certificate;

but

the

statutory

certificates

are

issued

by

the

competent

government,

such as Certificate of Vessel’s Nationality, Certificate of Vessel’s Registr

ation and so on.

The captain must maintain these certificates well.

3. Describe the shipboard customs formalities.

a) The main duties of the customs officers.

b) Preparations before customs officers come on board.

d) Your experiences you have ever had with customs officers.

The

customs

officers

are

responsible for supervision and

control

of

all cargoes in

and

out.

Seal and unseal the bonded store on board. Check if there any smuggling goods on board.

Before

customs

officers

come

on

board,

we

must

prepare

some

documents,

such

as

the

Captain’s Declaration, the Import Cargo Manifest, two copies of Crew List, three copies of

the Stores and Provisions List, the Last Port Clearance and two copies of the Crew Personal

Effects List.

When customs

officers

come

on

board, we must greet them warmly and give

them a

good

cooperation.

4. Describe the shipboard immigration formalities.

a) The main duties of the immigration officers.

b) Preparations before immigration officers come on board.

d) Your experiences you have ever had with immigration officers.

Immigration

officers

perform

the

following

duties:

determine

admission

of

persons

by

examining

their

documents,

issue

shore-passes,

check

up

the

crew

members

and

their

seamen’s books.

Before immigration officers come on board, we must prepare some documents, such as Crew

List, Seamen’s Books, Shore

-passes and so on.

When immigration officers come on board, we must greet them warmly and do everything to

the satisfaction of the immigration officer.

5. Describe the shipboard quarantine formalities.

a) The main duties of the quarantine officers.

b) Preparations before quarantine officers come on board.

d) Your experiences you have ever had with quarantine officers.

The

duties of the quarantine officers are in charge of the jobs relating to sanitation and health,

such as checking whether the sanitary condition is satisfactory and whether there are any sick

persons or infectious disease on board, especially the cholera, yellow fever and smallpox.

Before

the

quarantine

officers

come

on

board,

we

must

prepare

some

documents,

such

as

Crew List, Crews’ Inoculation Certificate, Maritime Declaration of Health for Departure of

Ship, De- ratting Certificate and so on.

When the quarantine officers come on board, we must greet them warmly and do everything

to the satisfaction of the quarantine officers.

4

问答

1.

What’s the validity of the Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate?

5 years.

2.

What flag should be hoist when a vessel requires quarantine inspection?

Flag Q.

3.

Can a ship enter a foreign port before quarantine inspection?

No, it can’t.

4.

Why must the customs officer seal the Bonded Store?

In order to prevent smuggling.

5.

Please list 5 ship’s certificates.

International

Tonnage

Certificate,

International

Load-line

Certificate,

Vessel’s

Registration

Certificate,

Vessel’s

Nationality

Certificate,

Cargo

Ship

Safety

Equipment

Certificate and so on.

6.

Are cigarettes and liquor exempted from customs duties?

No, only 10 packets of cigarettes and 1 bottle of spirits for each crew.

7.

How can the captain do with the shore passes before leaving a port?

Collect the shore passes and hand them to the quarantine officers.

8.

Which

certificate

prescribes

general

requirements

for

the

functions

of

radiotelegraphy installation for lifeboat on board?

Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate.

9.

Which certificate specifies the freeboard assignment of a ship?

International Load-line Certificate.

10.

Which

document

demonstrates

a

ship

being

in

a

fit

and

efficient

condition

and

classed?

Document of Compliance (DOC).

11.

If your ship needs provisions and/or replenishments, how do you get them?

Communicate with the agent or ask ship-chandler to supply .

12.

Which documents should you show when you go through the customs formalities?

The

Captain’s

Declaration,

the

Import

Cargo

Manifest,

two

copies

of

Crew

List,

three

copies of the Stores and Provisions List, the Last Port Clearance and two copies of the

Crew Personal Effects List.

13.

Who issues the shore passes to the crewmembers wishing to go ashore?

The immigration officer.

14.

What documents should generally be shown to the quarantine officer?

Crew List, Crew’s Inoculation Certificates, Maritime Declaration of Health for Departure

of Ship, De-ratting Certificates and so on.

15.

What documents should generally be shown to the customs officer?

The

Last

Port

Clearance,

the

Import

Cargo

Manifest,

the

Crew

List,

the

Stores

and

Provisions List, the Crew Personal Effects List and so on.

16.

What documents should generally be shown to the immigration officer?

The Crew List, the Seamen’s Books, the shore

-passes and so on.

5

Chapter Three

口述

1. Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.

a) Regular operations for anchor watch.

b) Emergency handling in case of dragging.

c) Conclusion.

Before

anchoring,

take

a

hammer,

an

oil

can

and

some

goggles

to

the

forecastle;

ask

the

engine room for power and water on deck and stand by anchor. When anchoring, take off the

hawse pipe’s cover and clear the

spurling pipes. When the anchor reaches the bottom, hoist

the anchor ball or turn on anchor lights. Finally inform the engine room that power and water

are finished with. Return all gears.

When anchor is dragging, let go another anchor at once. We can also start engine or let go

more cables to increase the grabbing power, or heave away the anchor and then let go anchor

again.

2. Describe the proper way of using VHF.

a) How to operate VHF set proper.

b) General rules of using VHF.

c) Rules of using VHF Channel 16.

Before

using

VHF,

make

sure

your

call

is

really

necessary

and

switch

VHF

to

the

correct

channel. Don’t interrupt another station’s transmissions.

Before

speaking,

check

whether

the

transmit

switch

is

on.

Push

the

button

to

speak

and

release it to listen. Speak slowly and clearly.

Channel 16 is only used for distress, safety and urgency. Distress calls have absolute priority

over all other communications.

3. Describe the procedures before arrival at a port.

a) The preparations from the bridge.

b) The preparations from the engine room.

c) The preparations from the deck.

Before

arriving at a port, the ship has to communicate with the port and pilot station by VHF,

informs

her

ETA

and

get

the

necessary

information

about

draft

restrictions,

fairway

speed,

pilotage, weather report, depths of water, tides, etc.

Call master onto the

bridge

to give

instructions and monitor the

operation of the

ship. The

engine room prepares to change oil and supply power.

The

deck

crew

members

are

at

their

different

stations,

testing

the

mooring

machinery,

mooring lines and checking the pressure on fire main, etc. Stand by anchor and mooring lines.

4. Describe the procedures before leaving a port.

a) The preparations from the bridge.

b) The preparations from the engine room.

6

c) The preparations from the deck.

Before

leaving a port, first decide whether the ship needs tug assistance and make necessary

arrangement. Get information on the weather, tides and the movements of the nearby vessels.

Switch on and synchronize gyro and repeaters and check headings of magnetic compass and

repeaters. Test and turn on the navigational aids.

Synchronize ship’s clock. Ensure deck power,

telescope

and

binoculars

available

and

make

arrangements

for

pilot’s

embarkation

or

disembarkation; Ensure charts and navigational publications corrected up-to-date and courses

laid off

（标出航线）

.

The engine room prepares to change oil and supply power.

The

deck

crew

members

are

at

their

different

stations

preparing

for

leaving

harbor.

Test

telegraph and ensure main engines ready. Stand by for letting go all lines and heaving away

anchor, etc.

5. Describe the procedures of pilotage.

a) The general procedures for pilot request.

b) The preparations for receiving the pilot.

c) The general rules for pilotage.

Pilotage

at most of the ports in the world is compulsory. Before the ship’s arrival, the captain

communicates the pilot station by VHF. When you need a pilot, hoist flag “G”. An order for a

pilot should be made beforehand.

The job to take the pilot on and off the ship is done by the third officer or the duty sailor. They

are responsible for the safety of the pilot. A pilot ladder, a heaving line and a lifebuoy, safety

net, manropes, and lights should be prepared beforehand. The pilot ladder should be rigged on

leeside.

The vessel should report the ship’s name, call sign, nationality, types of ship, total number of

persons on board, present position, ETA at pilot station, intended route, etc. to the pilot station.

The pilot station should confirm the

pilot’s boarding time and position, the berthing time, etc

When the pilot has boarded, lower flag “G” and hoist flag “H”.

问答

1.

Can you list at least three mooring lines?

Yes. Headline, breast line, spring, stern line, back spring, etc.

2.

What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board?

Pilot ladder, safety net, manropes,

a heaving line, and lights

should be prepared (If the

freeboard

is

greater

than

9

meters,

a

gangway

combined

with

a

pilot

ladder

shall

be

rigged.)

3.

What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor without

risking breaking the cable?

The maximum speed can be calculated according to the formula: ship’s speed minus water

speed.

4.

What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?

Flag

7

5.

How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival?

The ship’s captain calls the pilot station through VHF communication / by VHF.

6.

What ship’s particulars will pilot station usually ask for?

The

ship’s

name,

length,

breadth,

gross

tonnage,

net

tonnage,

harbor

spe

ed,

draft,

revolutions, type of ship, propeller working condition, etc.

7.

What should be reported to the pilot station?

The ship’s name, call sign, nationality, type of ship, number of persons on board, present

position, ETA at pilot station, intended route, etc.

8.

What should be confirmed from the pilot station?

The time when the pilot will be available, pilot’s boarding time and boarding point, the

berthing time, etc.

9.

When the vessel enters the VTS area, what is requested to report?

The ship’s name, call sign, flag state, ship’s position, course and speed, destination, last

port of call, ETA and ETD, draft forward and aft, all equipment’s working condition, etc.

10.

What does “foul anchor” mean?

It means the anchor has its own cable twisted around it.

11.

If you

are ordered: “Stand by both engines!”, how should you reply and report?

I

will repeat

the

order:”

Stand

by

both

engines.”, and

then

report:”

Both

engines

stand

by.”

12.

Can you list 3 famous canals in the world?

The Panama Canal, the Suez Canal, and the Kiel Canal.

13.

When

you

request

the

receiver

to

remain

on

channel

16

in

VHF

communication,

what do you say?

“Stand by on VHF channel 16.”

14.

How to rectify the mistake in maritime VHF communication?

I

will

first

say:

“Mistake…”followed

by

the

word:

“Correction”

and

t

he

correct

message.

15.

How

to

give

an

emphasis

on

the

important

part

of

a

message

in

maritime

VHF

communication?

I will first say: “Repeat…” –

followed by the important part of the message.

16.

What does “Abandon Vessel” mean?

It means to evacuate crew and passengers from a vessel in emergency.

17.

What does the abbreviation ETD stand for?

It stands for Estimated / Expected Time of Departure.

18.

What does “dredging of an anchor” mean?

It

means

the

anchor

is

moving

along

the

sea

bottom

to

control

the

movement

of

the

vessel.

19.

What does “underway” mean?

It means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.

20.

What does “dragging of anchor” mean?

It means the anchor is moving over the sea bottom involuntarily because it is no longer

preventing the movement of the vessel.

21. What is the difference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”?

A radar beacon is a radar transponder emitting a characteristic signal; and a radar

8

reflector is used to obtain stronger echoes from radar targets.

22.

How

many

objects

do

you

need

to

get

a

position

using

“horizontal

sextant

angles”?

At least 2 objects.

23. Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro is more accurate?

Because the magnetic compass is more reliable.

24. What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is

clear of it?

I will report: “Anchor is aweigh.”

25.

When

preparing

for

anchoring

what

must

you

do

before

releasing

the

bow

stoppers?

Before releasing the bow stoppers, we must make sure the windlass is out of gear

and the brakes are on. Make sure the windlass is free to engage and the windlass is

put into the gear.

26. Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters

No, we would not.

27. Why must you conside

r ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow

stoppers?

When the ship’s speed is too fast, the anchor chain is easy to break, when too slowly

the

anchor

can’t

grab

the

ground. When

the

sea

depth

is

too

shallow,

it’s

easy

to

ground, and when too

deep the anchor can’t reach the ground.

28. What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before

the pilot’s embarkation?

A heaving line and a life buoy.

29. Why is dangerous to anchor in ice?

Ice is an obstacle to any ship, so anchoring in ice will beset by the ice.

30. What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board?

Flag “H”.

Chapter 4

口述

1. Describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board.

a) The acquisition of information about the dangerous cargo

b) Precautions on loading and discharging.

c) Maintenance during the voyage.

Dangerous

cargo is

divided into nine

classes

according to IMDG

. They are the explosives,

gases, flammable liquids, flammable solids or substances, oxidizing substances and organic

peroxides

toxic

and

infectious

substances,

radioactive

substances,

corrosives

and

miscellaneous dangerous substances.

Before loading and discharging dangerous cargo on board, we must know their names, types,

and

natures,

check

proper

use

of

handling

gear

and

segregation

of

goods,

keep

good

ventilation, handle with care, stow flammable goods away from the engine room bulkhead,

9

stow infectious substances separated by one compartment from foodstuffs.

During the voyage, keep the gangway watch and deck watch, to keep an eye on the dangerous

cargo.

2. Describe the precautions before entering an enclosed space.

a) The potential dangers in an enclosed space.

b) The normal procedures.

c) The important precautions.

The

enclosed space is liable to explode and self-

ignite. Without the chief officer’s perdition,

no one can enter the enclosed space.

Before entering an enclosed space, we have to put on the protective clothing and breathing

apparatus, safety belt, and carry walkie-talkies and air cylinder.

The following precautions should be taken: check the ventilation and the state of the holds,

open

the

ventilators

to

escape

the

exhausted

air

and

get

fresh

air

in;

switch

on

automatic

temperature control; test the air in the holds; open all entrances to the emergency lane, etc.

3. Describe the procedures of cargo stowage.

a) The acquisition of information about the cargo to be carried.

b) The principles and considerations on the navigation safety.

c) The modification of stowage plan.

Before

a

ship

loads

her

cargo,

first

of

all,

the

chief

officer

must

make

out

a

cargo

plan

according

to

the

details

from

the

Loading

List

or

Shipping

Orders

such

as,

cargo’s

nature,

packing, quantity and the measurement of each package.

When arranging the locations of the different lots of cargo, the chief officer must consider the

order of the discharging ports, the proper vessel’s trim, stability and stress. Then the original

stowage plan can be modified during the cargo stowing.

4. Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board.

a) The initial responses.

b) The actions following up according to the SOPEP onboard.

c) The precautions to be taken.

First

, stop the oil operation immediately and stand by spilling control gear. Then report and

remove the spillage: separate the spilling oil; find the causes of spilling; take actions to absorb

the spillage, such as spreading the absorbents.

The precautions to be taken: stow the liquids properly in case of big wind and torrent; do the

oil operations carefully; supply the oil-spillage gears; pilot the ship with caution; comply with

the operating rules and so on.

5. Describe how to ensure a proper stowage for general cargo.

a) General factors to be taken into account in cargo stowage.

b) Special considerations for cargo stowage.

Before

loading general cargo, the chief officer should make out the cargo plan according to

the details from the loading list. When loading general cargo, the following factors should be

considered:

the

nature

of

cargo,

the

kind

of

cargo,

packing,

quantity

and

size,

the

10

measurement of each package, segregation and dunnage, ventilation and so on.

Special

considerations

for

cargo

stowage

are:

the

order

of

the

loading

and

unloading,

the

vessel’s trim, stability and stress, the elimination of cargo da

mage. Special attention should be

paid to the dangerous cargo and deck cargo if there are any.

问答

1.

How many classes of dangerous goods are there according to the IMDG Code? Can

you list some?

9

classes.

They

are

the

explosive,

gases,

flammable

liquid,

flammable

solids

or

substances, oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, toxic and infectious substances,

radioactive substances, corrosives and miscellaneous dangerous substances.

2.

What kind of cargo is classified as flammable cargo?

It refers to the goods which are liable to burn itself in normal temperature.

3.

Please describe the general nature of general cargo.

It refers to the cargo with different characteristics and in different separation packages. It

can be loaded by special crane or the ship’s own de

rricks.

4.

Please describe the general nature of bulk cargo.

Bulk cargo refers to the homogeneous cargo (

同种类货物

) not enclosed in a container. It

is carried in bulk carriers.

5.

What kind of cargo is canvas sling suitable for lifting?

It is used for lifting bags of grain, rice, coffee, etc.

6.

What kind of cargo is chain sling suitable for lifting?

It is used for lifting logs, iron rails, etc.

7.

What kind of cargo is net sling suitable for lifting?

It is used for lifting small packages and mail.

8.

What does the abbreviation COW stand for?

It stands for Crude Oil Washing System.

9.

What does “jettison of cargo” mean?

It means the action to deliberately throw cargo overboard.

10.

What does “compatibility of goods” mean?

It means that different goods can be stowed together in the same hold.

11.

What does the abbreviation SWL stand for?

Safe Working Load.

12.

What does “shifting cargo” mean?

It means the cargo on board hasn’t been stowed and lashed securely and properly. They

are easy to move in heavy seas during the voyage.

13.

What does “Union purchase” mean?

It is a way or system used to load and discharge cargo with two derricks when working.

14.

What preparations shall be done before loading cargo?

Preparing

stowage

plan,

cleaning

holds,

preparing

dunnages

and

loading

&

unloading

appliances, checking ventilation system, etc.

15.

What is the loading capacity of your vessel?

11

About 5,600 tons.

16.

What cargo handling gear and equipment does your vessel have?

Derricks, cranes, winches, sling platform, chain sling, etc.

17.

What can be used to remove spillage?

Use absorbents for the spillage.

18.

What shall be ensured before entering the enclosed space?

The protective outfit.

19.

Please list some cargo papers.

Stowage plan, loading list, cargo manifest, bill of lading, etc.

20.

What must you wear when you enter an enclosed space?

Protective clothes and breathing apparatuses.

Chapter 5

口述

1.

Describe the duties of watch-keeping when underway.

a) General rules as to watch-keeping.

b) Items to be checked and monitored each watch.

c) Special attention for bridge watch-keeping.

General

rules as to watch- keeping are: 1) Duty officers should hold the competent certificates;

2)

Route

plan

should

be

made

in

advance;

3)

Master

and

officers

should

comply

with

the

relevant

rules

and

regulations,

the

world

environment

protection

and

the

Convention

of

MARPOL.

Every

vessel

shall

at

all

times

maintain

a

proper

look-out.

During

each

watch,

check

and

monitor navigational aids, fathometer, gyrocompass, satellite navigator, VHF set, etc., check

vessel’s

speed and

course,

lighting,

chro

nometers

and

so

on, receive

and

record

broadcasts

from weather forecast.

Special attention should be paid to the management of the bridge, route planning, the training

and

maintaining

of

the

safety

system

on

board,

main

engines,

operation

of

helicopter,

deck-log writing and other monitoring systems.

2.

Describe the bridge shrift change.

a) The conditions which must be satisfied before taking over a bridge watch.

b) The procedures for shift change

c) Special attention for shift change

Before

taking

over

the

watch,

first,

the

relieving

officer

should

be

familiar

with

the

surroundings, be clear of vessel’s estimated position, course

, speed and the potential hazards

in the route. Then he must check the state of the navigational aids. He should also know the

weather condition and drafts.

Before shift change, the duty sailor should inform the relieving officer 30 minutes in advance.

The relieving officer should be on the bridge 15 minutes before taking over the watch. Both

the relieving officer and the duty officer should sign in the logbook.

We can’t hand over the watch when the vessel is altering the course or under the situation of

12

avoiding collision. The duty officer is never allowed to leave the bridge during his watch.

3.

Describe

the

differences

between

navigating

in

a

narrow

channel

and

in

a

traffic

separation scheme.

a) The rules in navigating in a narrow channel.

b) The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme.

c) The major differences in terms of technical navigation.

The

rules in navigating in narrow channels are described as the COLREG rule 9.

The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme are described as the COLREG rule 10.

When passing a narrow channel, vessel should pay attention to the dangers within the channel,

such as current situation, fixed navigation status and moving contact state and so on. When

passing

a

traffic

separation

scheme,

vessel

should

pay

special

attention

to

the

use

of

the

leading buoys, side-buoys and other aids to navigation.

4. Describe advantages of various tools or technologies

a) The features of radar observation.

b) The advantages of visual lookout.

c) The correct uses of various tools or technologies.

Radar

is an aid to navigation. The use of radar makes navigation in poor visibility possible.

Proper use of radar can obtain early warning of risk of collision.

Visual lookout is reliable. It can assess ship’s types and heading. It can identify small targets,

conspicuous marks, flashing lights, light configurations. It can see changing weather patterns,

sea effect on vessel, etc.

The

prudent

navigator

masters

all

the

techniques

of

coastal

navigation

and

selects

the

techniques of the greatest certainty to his fixed or DR position, and always tries to reduce the

uncertainty in his observations.

5. Describe the preparations to be done by the Deck Department prior to arrival.

a)

General

introduction

of

the

responsibilities

of

Deck

Department

in

pre-arrival

situation.

b) Preparations to be done prior to arrival.

Before

arrival

at

each

port,

the

deck

officers

must

be

familiar

with

the

port

information,

sailing

directions,

tides,

current,

etc.

Preparations

for

docking,

anchoring,

loading

or

discharging cargo must be made in advance. These include mooring line on deck fore and aft,

derricks

ready

for

handling

ca

rgo,

and

the

necessary

papers

ready

for

the

ship’s

business

running.

问答

1.

Why is it important to sound fog signals?

In order to warn the vessels in vicinity to avoid collision in fog.

2.

When would you sound the general alarm?

In case of fire and emergency.

13

3.

W

hen should an OOW notify the master immediately for emergency ship-handling

or complicated navigation? Please list some.

When passing the narrow channel, in poor visibility, and in sudden failure of the engines,

etc.

4.

How does the OOW assess risk of collision generally?

Consider DCPA and TCPA.

5.

How

should

the

relieving

officer

behave

in

case

a

bridge

maneuver

already

took

place but has not been over?

Pay special attention to ship’s position, navigational aids, navigation conditio

n. If at night,

follow the master’s standing orders.

6.

List the main items to be updated on the pilot card?

The boarding time and boarding point, etc.

7.

Besides

the

collision

risks,

what

else

should

you

monitor

on

watch

in

reduced

visibility?

Risk o

f grounding, vessel’s speed, traffic density, etc.

8.

How do you know the VHF channels to be monitored when leaving port?

Make sure if the VHF is on the correct working frequency, so as to contact with others

through VHF.

9.

What should the Master expect from the OOW on arriving at the bridge?

The actual situation and navigation condition.

10.

Who should be in attendance when a pilot is on the ladder?

The third officer or the sailor on duty.

11.

When would you instruct a lookout to assist you on the bridge?

When the visibility becomes poor, or in the narrow channels and heavy traffic areas.

12.

What effect will the general alarm have on all the crew?

The

crew

should

be

alert

on

the

alarm,

take

effective

measures

and

go

to

assembly

station if necessary.

13.

Why is record keeping a necessary part of watch keeping?

It can be used as evidence in case of accident.

14.

Apart

from

those

for

navigation

safety,

what

else

should

you

do

on

an

anchor

watch?

Observing rise and fall of the tide, making patrols of the ship and watching the anchor

position, etc.

15.

How would you conveniently check the compass’ error in pilotage waters?

BY checking the landmarks, lighthouse and nearby ships.

16.

If a sailing ship is overtaking a power-driven vessel, who has the right of the way?

Power-driven vessel has the right of the way.

17.

A

power-driven

vessel

is

on

a

collision

course with

a fishing trawler, who has

the

right of way?

Power-driven vessel has the right of the way.

18.

How many meters are there in a nautical mile?

There are 1,852 meters. (One thousand eight hundred fifty two meters)

19.

If you travel from Panama to New York, will your latitude increase or decrease?

My latitude will increase.

14

20.

How many “position lines” are needed to make a position?

At least two.

21.

Can you define the very important term “underway”?

Yes, I can. It means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to shore or aground.

22.

You

observe

a

ship,

during

daytime,

exhibiting

three

balls

on

the

same

halyard.

What

has happened?

The ship is aground.

23.

What does the abbreviation I ALA stand for?

It stands for International Association of Lighthouse Authorities.

24.

Is it safe to pass north of a North Mark?

Yes, it is.

25.

Is it safe to pass north of a South Mark?

No, it isn’t

.

26.

Does “variation” change due to ship’s position?

Yes, it does

27.

Does deviation change due to ship’s position?

No, it doesn’t.

28.

When

correcting

charts

why must

you

use

symbols

and abbreviations from

chart

5011?

Because

chart

5011

is

the

standard

chart.

It

contains

all

the

standard

symbols

and

abbreviations.

29.

You have purchased a new chart. Is it right ready for use?

No, it isn’t.

30.

What publication do you need to correct charts properly?

We need to see Admiralty Notices to Mariners.

31.

What course in degrees corresponds to south-east?

Course on 135 degrees.

32.

What is the angle between magnetic and true meridian called?

Variation.

33.

When can you always find information about the magnetic variation?

We can find it anytime on the chart.

34.

When a ship picks up speed, will draught increase or decrease?

The draft will increase.

35.

A ship ahead of you has hoisted the signal flag “O”, what has happened?

There is someone overboard.

15

Chapter Six

口述

1. Describe the formalities before carrying out a ship’s repair.

a) The necessity f carrying out a ship’s repair.

b) The formalities before a ship’s repair begin

.

c) Special attention paid to the repair.

When

the

ship

has

been

in

operation

for

a

certain

period

of

time,

owing

to

latent

defects

or

accidents,

breakdown

to

machinery

or

damage

to

the

hull

and

other

structures

resulting

from

natural causes or through human factor is bound to occur, and repairs will have to be carried out.

Before ship’s repair, the chief officer and the chief engineer make up the repair lists.

They consist

of deck repair list, engine repair list, electric repair list and dock repair list. And they are collected

by

the

master

and

reported

to

the

company.

Repair

lists

should

be

handed

to

the

shipyard

in

advance and both parties should sign the agreement before repair.

Items

of

the

repair

list

should

be

absolutely

correct. The

content,

size

and

repair

requirements

should

be

listed

in

the

repair

lists

clearly.

The

supplier

of

the

spare

parts

and

the

important

equipment

&

parts

should

be

noticed

in

the

repair

lists.

Pay

more

attention

to

safety

and

fire-fighting.

2. Describe the procedures of carrying out hull maintenance.

a) The preparations before carrying out hull maintenance.

b) The contents of hull maintenance.

c) The cautions to be taken while carrying out hull maintenance.

Before

maintenance,

we

should

make

out

the

maintenance

plan,

take

safety

precautions

and

prepare the riggings…

Hull maintenance mainly includes hull cleaning, painting, checking and maintaining of watertight

equipment, machinery on deck, cargo handling gears, fire-fighting equipment, signal equipment,

accommodation equipment and so on.

When we do work aloft or overboard, or when we enter into the enclosed space, we should follow

the relative regulations to ensure the safety. We should also have the sense of fire-fighting and

anti-pollution when we do painting and hull maintenance.

3. Describe the procedures of carrying out an overhaul for navigational aids.

a) The necessity of carrying out overhaul of navigational aids.

b) The contents of the overhaul.

c) The cautions to be taken.

For

the safety of ship’s navigation, it is necessary to carry out an overhaul of navigational aids.

Before

overhaul,

the

items

of

the

navigational

aids

to

be

repaired

should

be

made

out.

The

overhaul

of

navigational

aids

includes

inspecting,

dismantling,

repairing,

renewing,

testing,

16

refitting and so on.

During

overhauling,

special

attention

should

be

paid

to

the

particulars

of

the

equipment.

The

standards

of the navigational aids

should be up to

requirements

of the relevant regulations and

conventions.

4. Describe the procedures of carrying out the maintenance of riggings.

a) The preparations before carrying out the maintenance of riggings.

b) The contents of the maintenance of riggings.

c) The cautions to be taken while carrying out the maintenance.

Before

carrying out the maintenance of riggings, we should know the purpose and requirements

well

，

prepare the special tools, spare parts and take safety precautions.

During

the

maintenance

of

riggings,

we

should

check

and

confirm

the

extent

of

damage,

dismantle, clean and oil or grease the moving parts, measure the extent/degree of the corrosion to

see whether it is up to the standard.

The

cautions

to

be

taken

are:

First,

maintenance

of

riggings

should

be

done

by

the

persons

holding certificates. Second, orders for manufacturing the spare parts of riggings should be sent to

the shipyard earlier if they are needed.

问答

1.

Why does a ship need maintenance?

For

the

safety

of

the

crew,

ship

and

the

cargo,

the

ship

needs

to

be

kept

at

all

times

in

a

well- maintained condition, maintenance work is necessary and import.

2.

Who is in charge of the maintenance work?

Chief officer.

3.

Can you list some type of repair?

Yes. V

oyage repair, annual repair or minor repair, overhaul or major repair, and so on.

4.

What is a voyage repair?

When the ship sustains damage during a voyage, she will need to undergo voyage repair.

5.

What is a major repair?

In order to keep the vessel in good working condition, she needs to enter into the dock to be

overhauled thoroughly every four years. Such overhaul is also known as major repair.

6.

What is an annual repair?

Annual repair is a kind of ship’ repair carried out once every year. It is also known as minor

repair.

7.

What is a repair list?

Repair list is a kind of list made out by the chief officer for all the items to be repaired in the

shipyard.

8.

What special attention should be paid to when writing a repair list?

The

content,

size

and

repair

requirements

should

be

listed

in

the

repair

lists

correctly

and

17

clearly. And it should be finished in advance.

9.

Can you list at least five kinds of paint?

Yes. Metal primers, undercoats, top coats, heat- resistant paints, non-slip paints, varnishes.

10.

Can you list some classification societies in the world?

Yes.

美国船级社

ABS

AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING

法国船级社

BV

BUREAU VERITAS

挪威船级社

DNV

DET NORSKE VERITAS

德国劳氏船级社

GL

GERMANISCHER LLOYD

韩国船级社

KR

KOREAN REGISTER OF SHIPPING

中国船级社

CCS

CHINA CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY

英国劳氏船级社

LR

LLOYDS REGISTER OF SHIPPING

日本船级社

NK

NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI

俄罗斯船级社

RS

Russian Maritime Register of Shipping

意大利船级社

RINA

11.

What kind of paint is usually given to the ship’s bottom?

Anti-fouling paint.

12.

What kind of paint is usually given to the places such as radiators, pipes and funnels?

Heat-resistant paints.

13.

What kind of coating is usually applied to anchors and chains?

Bitumen.

14.

What is the difference between ‘repair list” and “repair bill”?

Repair list is the list of the items to be repaired in the shipyard, while the repair bill is the list

of all the expenses for the repaired items in the shipyard.

15.

What is used to measure the thickness of hull plates?

Ultrasonic instrument.

16.

Could you list some different kinds of ship’s survey?

Annual survey and overhaul survey.

17.

What should be done before applying a priming coat of paint?

The area must be cleaned and washed with a cleaning solution to remove all salt, dirt and oil.

Loose paint and scale is removed with scraper and any heavy rust with a chipping hammer.

Finally, a wire brush should be used on all bare metal to remove the last scale before the first

coat of paint is applied.

18.

What kind of coating is usually applied in the double bottom tanks?

Cement wash.

19.

What must be considered when stowing away synthetic ropes?

18

Synthetic ropes to be used should be stowed on deck with no waves. They should be coiled

clockwise or anti-clockwise and secured with small stuff, and the eye-splice at the end of

synthetic ropes should be secured on the bollards.

Chapter Seven

口述

1. Describe the procedures in handling fire on board

a) The alarm

b) The measures taken after the fire has been extinguished.

c) Your position and function during fire-fighting.

In

case of fire, sound the emergency alarm and inform the bridge at once. All the crew members

must be positioned properly according to the muster list.

Get the fire pumps ready; cut off power to the fire areas; close ventilators, automatic fire doors

and watertight doors; check all the adjacent spaces for fire; post fire watches and cool down the

surroundings.

I am the leader of the fire control team and all the hands’ action is under my instructions.

2. Describe the emergency procedures in handling ship-borne oil pollution.

a) The alarm

b) Typical and detailed procedures.

c) Your position and functions during handling oil pollution.

In

case of oil pollution, report it to the master at once. The master will immediately report it to

the company. It is also reported to the maritime authorities concerned,

Meanwhile,

the

crew

members

must

take

immediate

actions

according

to

the

shipboard

oil

pollution emergency plan, such as collecting oil on deck or in water, spreading absorption agent,

placing booms (

围油栏

) around the oil slick on the water surface to prevent further spreading.

The ship must wait for instructions from the maritime authorities concerned. Everything relating

to oil pollution must be entered into the official logbook.

3. Describe briefly one of the cases that you have experienced or heard of as to collision,

fire, flooding, or grounding.

a) The brief introduction to the story

b) Your comments on the successes of the measures.

c) Your comments on the improperness of the measures.

During

my voyage back to Shanghai, I saw a collision accident in the fairway.

It was a sunny day and the sea was calm. I was on duty on the bridge. My ship wad proceeding

into the harbor. Another container ship was proceeding outwards. There were four fishing boats

19