-
高考英语短文改错解题技巧
考点
1.
名词
命题特点
:
本来用复数
,
却用单数
.
改正方法
:(1)
根据名词前的修饰限定成份
;(2)
根据上下文的逻辑关系
.
详解：
said that
she and my schoolmate all wished me success.
2. After class we become stranger at
once.
3.
They want me to
devote all my time to my studies so that I?ll get
marks in all my subject.
4.
On the way up I was busy taking picture since the
scenery was so beautiful.
5. There are
advantage for students to work while studying at
school.
6. He had no ideas that the
kitchen was not for guests.
7. I looked
at his other hands.
考点
2.
代词
命题特点：
1.
女性代词指代男性或相反；
2.
单数指代复数；
3.
代词词性误用。
改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。
代词的错误特点：
1.
人称代词的偷换错误
2.
缺少人称代词的错误
3.
人称代词数的一致问题
4.
人称代词格的一致问
题
详解：
Smiths did
his best to make me feel at home.
9.I
have a good friend who?s name is Liu Mei.
was about noon when we
arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of
them were very excited.
I began to
enjoy talking to myself on paper as Iwas learning
to express me in simple English .
day I wrote a little story and showed
to my teacher .
students
may also save up for our college or future use .
14.I took it in me and we walked.
考点
3.
介词
命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：
1
）介词的基本用法；
2
）<
/p>
习惯搭配；
3
）动词词类确定错误，如<
/p>
talk,, serve,
wait
等。
介词的错误：
介词短语常常考，固定
搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。
详解：
do not seem
to get much time to talk about together.
16.I was so tired that I fell asleep at
the moment my head touched the pillow.
main problem was in that I always thought in
Chinese and tried to translate anything into
English.
?ll talk with our plan for the
weekend over dinner.
19.I am
writing to thank you with your kind help.
was looking for a glass
the cupboard.
1
these lines stands for a trouble in my
life.
考点
4
时态
命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注
意联系上
下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。
通常整篇都是过去，突
然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时
和过去时互改为多。
详解：
did not want
me to do any work at home; they want me to devote
all my time to my studies so
that---
time passes quickly. Evening came.
liked it very much and reads it to the
class.
25.I don?t know that they don?t
like to talk with mes, we talked to each other
very well in class.
26.I
will write again and send you the photos we take
together.
had guests last night who
have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.
考点<
/p>
or
误用及前后不一致
命题特点：主要考查
and
、
or
、
but
、
so
等并列连词的误用。
Howe
ver
与
although/though
不能同时
出现
改正方法；
1
）根据句意确定误；
2
）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。
详解：
28. She is
smiling at me but nodding at me.
looks
as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a
guest.
food was
expensive and the service was good.
31.I came into the living room and saw
one of them jus tgo through the kitchen door but
turn on the light.
fed monkeys,
visiting temples and told stories.
liked it very much and reads it to the class.
考点
6.
从句连词
<
/p>
命题特点及改正方法：
句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复
合句的关联词等
。解答这类题从
以下方面来思考
：
1
）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；
2
）复合句中从句的关系词或引导词的运
用是否得
当等。
平行结构常使用等立连词
and,but,
or
或连词词组
not only…but also…, e
ither…or…,neither…nor…
遵循就近原则。
主语
+With,together with,as
well as,besides
，动词与主语一致
and
，
but,or,also <
/p>
前后动词时态不一致。
(
具有对称性）<
/p>
详解：
was about noon we arrived at the foot
of the mountain.
35.I don?t
know that they don?t like to talk with
me.
main problem was in
that I always thought in Chinese and tried to
translate everything into English.
things are in other homes, I wonder.
g
their own money allows them to spend on anything
as if they please.
2
did not want breakfast because that
they were going out early in the morning.
考点
7.
冠词
命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：
1
）不定冠词
a
和
an
互改；
2
）不定冠词
a
或
an
和定
冠词
the
互改；
3
< br>）根据需要增删冠词。
详解：
everyone knows, it?s famous mountain
with all kinds of plants and animals.
may be one family and live under a
same roof, but---
Thursday I will have
to decide what I want to doover a weekend.
43.I hope you?ve had pleasant journey
home
考点
8.
形容词和副词
命题特点及改正方法
< br>：
主要考查形容词和副词的误用、
形容词及副词的比较级
等
。
1
）
根据
adj.
或
adv.
< br>的基本用法确定错误；
2
）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词
；
3
）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及
整个句子用副词。
详解：
44.I would describe myself as shy and
quietly.
have been reports in America
about people trying to steal person information
for bad purposes.
g information on the
Net is easily.
what I learned from the
job was much more important as what I earned.
pronunciation was terribly .
came back lately and had some tea.
考点
9.
非谓语动词
命题特点改正方法：
1
）谓语动词和非
谓语动词的错用；
2
）动词不定式和动名词的错用；
3
）现在分
词和过去分词的错用等。
详解：
g their
own money allow them to spend on anything as they
please.
parents will do all they can
make sure that I get a good education.
I began to enjoy talk to myself on
paper as I was learning to express myself in
simple English.
fed
monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.
students may also to save
up for our college or future use.
短文改错口诀
动词
< br>形，
名词
数，还要注意
形和副<
/p>
；
非谓语
，细辨别，
习惯用法
要记住；句子成分多分析，
逻辑错
误
须关注；
冠词连词
常光顾
详解：
一、动词形：主要包括两类错
误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见
错误：
1
）
一般过去时与一般
现在时错用。
2
）第三人称单数形式错用。
第三人称单数：
Is/was
2
）
and
，
but,or,also <
/p>
前后动词时态不一致。
(
具有对称性）<
/p>
3
4
）
主谓不一致。
5
）
缺少谓语动词
1.
主谓宾结构
缺少
be
动
词
2
、主系表结构（
am/is/ar
e/was/were
）
6
）
主动语态与被动语态错用
wash-is washed
7
）
Used to
的运用错误
二、名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
常表现为将名词复数写成单数
。改正方法：
１）根据名词前的修饰限定成份．２）根据上下文的逻辑关系．
三、还要注意形和副：注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改
错题的常
考点。命题特点及改正方法：
主要考查形容词和副词的
误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据
adj
或
adv
的基本用法确定错误；修饰系动词
(am/is
/are/was/were)
或名词用形容词；修饰行为动词、形
容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。
四、非谓语，细辨别
：这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定
式错误。<
/p>
1
）
不定式
to
do2
）
动名词
doing
作主语、
宾语
3
）
and
连接的不定式或动名词前后一致
（尤
其距离较远时）
4
）现在分词和过去分词的区别等
<
/p>
五、习惯用法要记住：
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误
表现形式主要有三种：多词、少
词和搭配错误。
六、句子成分多分析：不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句
子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。
七、逻辑错误须关注
：与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑
性错误，如称谓上的张冠
李戴。
八、
冠词连词常光顾：常考的错误形式有：
连词
but
，
and
，
o
r
和
so
的用法错误，以及冠词的用<
/p>
法错误等。
四不改
:
①标点符号不改。
②大小写不改。
< br>③词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改
)
。
④在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉
语注释的词，在句中不可能用错
答案
1
（
schoolmate
改为
schoolmates
）
< br>2
（
stranger
改为
strangers
）
3
< br>（
subject
改为
subj
ects
）
4
（
picture
改为
pictur
es
）
5
（
a
dvantage
改为
advantages
< br>）
6
（
ideas
改为
idea
）
7
（
hands
改为
ha
nd
）
8(his
改为
their) 9(
who?s
改为
whose)10
（<
/p>
them
改为
us
）
11
（
me
改为
myself
）
12
（
showed
后加
it
）
13
（<
/p>
our
改为
their
< br>）
14
（
me
< br>改为
mine
）
15
去掉
about
）
16.
（去掉
at
）
17
（去掉
was
后的
in
）
18
（
with
改为
about
）<
/p>
19
（
with
改为
for
）
20
（
glass
后加
in
）
21
（
each
后加
of
）
22
（
did
改为
do
）
23
（
pa
sses
改为
passed
）
24
（
reads<
/p>
改为
read
）
25
（
talked
改为
talk
）
26.
（
take
改为
took
）
27.
（
have
改为
had
）
28.
（
but
改为
an
d
）
29.
（
and
改为
or
）
< br>30
（
and
改为
but
）
31
（
but
改为
and
）
32
（
visiting
< br>改为
visited
）
33
（
reads
改为
read
）
34
（
noon
后加
when
）
35
（
that
改为
why
）
36
（去掉
that
前的
< br>in
）
37
（
< br>What
改为
How
）
38
（去掉
if
）
39
（去掉
that
）
40
（
famous
前加
a
）
41
（
a
改为
the
）
42
（
a
改为
the
）
43
（
had
后加
a
）
44
（
quiet
ly
改
为
quiet
< br>）
45
（
person
改为
personal
）
46
（
easily
改为
easy
）
47
（
as
改为
than
）
48
（
terribly
改为
terrible
）
4
9
（
lately
改为
late
）
50
（
allow
改为
allows
）
51
（
make
前加
to
）
52
（
talk
改为
talki
ng
）
53
（
visiting
改为
visited
）
54
（去掉
to
）
4