-
Unit 3
reception n.
接待处;接待区
cupboard n.
橱柜;碗柜
clerk
n.
(旅馆服务台)接待员;
职员
blind adj.
失明的;瞎的
explain
v.
解释
lead v.
带路;引领
exit n.
出口
safety n.
安全
describe v.
描述;形容
asleep
adj.
睡着的
bark v.
(狗)吠叫
loudly
adv.
大声地
smell
v.
闻到
n.
嗅觉
smoke n
烟
fire alarm n.
火警
towel n.
毛巾;手巾
dead adj.
不运行的;不转动的
minute
n.
分钟
fire engine
n.
消防车
against
prep.
与……相反;反对
mostly adv.
主要地
perfume maker n.
香水制造者
sense n. <
/p>
感觉官能(即视、听、
嗅、味、触五觉)
useful adj.
有用的
taste n.
味觉
close v.
闭上;关闭
programme n.
节目
skill n.
技术;技能
hearing n.
听力;听觉
sight n.
视力;视觉
deaf adj.
聋的;失聪的
simple adj.
简单的;容易的
able adj.
能够
chance n.
机会
sign language n.
手语
disability n.
缺陷;障碍
wheelchair
n.
轮椅
left n.
左边;左方
opposite
prep .
在……对面
decide v.
决定;抉择
firemen n.
消防队员
down prep.
沿着;顺着
stop v.
(使)停止;停下
injured adj.
受伤的;有伤的
damage
v.
损害;破坏
seriously adv.
严重地
belong to
属
于
reception desk
接
待
处
book a room
订
p>
一
个
房
间
allow sb. to do sth.
允
许某人做某事
lead sb. to …
把
某人带到…
fire exit
消
防通道
safety first
安
全第一
describe sth. to sb.
向
某人描述…
bark loudly
(
p>
狗
)
大声
吠叫
p>
wake up
睡
醒
smell smoke
闻到烟味
fire alarm
火警
wet some
towels
湿
了
些
毛
巾
lie on the floor
躺
在
地板上
seem like
似
乎像…
fire engine
消防车
music to
one’s ears
悦
耳
的声音
show up
出
现
seconds later
一
会儿,几秒后
against the rule(s)
违
反规定
a
sense of smell / sight
嗅
觉
p>
/
视觉
/
hearing / taste / touch
听
觉
p>
/
味觉
/
触觉
p>
keep one’s balance
保
持平衡
fall down
跌
倒
have a cold
感冒
construction
worker
建
筑
工
人
use… for
doing / to do
用
…<
/p>
来
做
某事
communicate with sb.
与…沟通
in fact
事
实上
quite a few
许
p>
多
,
相
当多
perfume maker
香
水
制
造
商
be useful for
对…有用
all day
整
天
as well
(句末)
也
一、
人称代词
1
、
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
人称代词
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
he
him
第三人称
they
them
she
her
it
it
2
,用法
(
1
)
主格作主语
----Oh, there is
someone in the room.
-----_____ must be my brother.
A. He B. This C. It
(
2
)
宾格作宾语,跟在及物动词和介词后面作宾语
(
3
)
I can`t find the pen I was given. Have
you seen _____
(
4
)
p>
顺序:单数
231
,复数
< br>123
,承担责任我在前
----Who
broke the door-
---I and Tom.
(
5
)
it
还可指代时间、天气和距离
----What time is it now ----It`s six
thirty.
It was raining this
morning.
How far is it from
your home to our school
二、
物主代词
1
、
可分为
形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词名词性的物主代词相当于形容
词性的物主代词加
上相应的名词
I have lost my lend
me yours.(yours=your pen)
单数
复数
形
容
词
p>
性
的
名词性的物主
形容词性的物
名词性的物主
物主代词
代词
主代词
代词
第一人称
my
mine
our
ours
第二人称
your
yours
your
yours
his
his
第三人称
their
theirs
her
hers
its
its
2
、
形容词性的物主代词和名词连用,放在名词前面
Bill
is in the classroom,
doing ____ his
homework.
A. he B. him
C. his D. himself
3
、
名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加上相应的名词
(
1
)
I
have lost my pen .Please lend me yours.(yours=your
pen)
(
2
)
----Is
this
your
son`s
sweater
----No.
____is
on
the
chair
behind the
desk.
三、
反身代词
1
、单数加
-self
,复数加
-s
elves
单数
复数
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
himself
themselves
herself
itself
2
、作主语或宾语的同位语(
1
)
He himself was a doctor.(2)She wants to meet the
singer himself.
3
、带有反身代词的固定短语:
enjoy
oneself
(玩得高兴)
,teach
oneself=learn by
oneself
(自学)
,hurt
oneself
(伤了某人自己)
,
dress
oneself
(自己穿衣)
, call
oneself
(自称)
, behave oneself<
/p>
(守规
矩)
,
f
or
oneself
(为了某人自己)
,
look
after
/take
care
of/care
for
oneself
(
照
< br>顾
自
己
)
,
say/talk
to
on
eself
(自言自语)
,help
oneself
(随便吃)
[Help yourself to some fish!] ,all by
oneself=by
oneself=alone(
独自
)
one helped did it all by
______.
四、
指示代词
1
、
thi
s
(这)
、
these
(这些)指在时间空间上距说话人较近的人或物;
that
(那)
、
those
(那些)在时
间空间上距说话人较远的人或物。
______ have
finished the work can leave. who one
who
2
、
特殊用法
(
1
)
p>
为了避免重复,用
that
而不是用
this
代替前面出现过的不可数或单数名
词
,用
those
而不是用
these<
/p>
代替前面出现过的复数名词。
The
weather of Kuming is better than that of
Beijing.
Radios
made in Nanjing are as good as those made in
Shanghai.
3
、
电话用
语中,常用
this
介绍自己,用
th
at
询问对方
Hello,
this is Jim. Is that
Tom(
我是基姆,你是汤姆吗
)
五、
疑问代词(
who ,whom ,whose, what
,which
)
1
、
who
作主语时,即使被问者是复数,通常也用单数谓语动词;
whi
ch
作主语
时,动词的单复数要和后面的人或物保持一致。
p>
----Who
______
(be)
coming
to
dinner
tonight
----Sunny,Funny
and
Money
----Who ______ (want) to come with me ----We
do.
----Which ______ (be)
valuable, health or wealth(
哪一样更可贵,健康
还是财富
)
----Which ______ (be) prettier, these
or those(
哪些更漂亮,这些还是
那些
)
2
、
wha
t
所指的范围是无限的,而
which
则指在一定的范围内
Which girls do you
like best
(你最喜欢哪几个姑娘)
What girls do you like best
(你最喜欢什么样的姑娘)
3
、
who
m
是
who
的宾格,作动词或介词宾语
,可用代替
;whose
要后跟名词。
Who/Whom are you taking the book
to
Whose sister is a
doctor
六、
不定代词
1
、
some
和
any
< br>,既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,一般,
some
用在肯定句
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
中,
any
用在疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;但在表建议、请求或希望对方作
出肯定回答的疑问句中,要用
some
而不用
any
;还可在肯定句中表示任何一个。
(1)I have some question to ask
you.
(2)----Do you have any
friends here----No, I don`t have any.
(3)If you have any question, please
raise your hand.
(4)Would
you like some
coffee(
建议
)
(5)Would you like something to
drink(
语气诚恳
)
(6)Do you have some
coins(
肯定回答
)
(7)You may come at any time.
2
、
many
修饰可数名词复数,
much
修饰不可数名词,前
面可以加
so,
too
来增强程
度
There are so many apples in the
basket.
Too much money is
needed.
注:
too
much
修饰不可数名词,
too many
修饰可数名词复数,
much
too
修饰
形容词,
much too
big
3
、
few, little
修饰可数名词意为“很少,几乎没有”表示否定概念;而
a
few,
a little
修饰不可数名词意为“一些,若干”表示肯定概念;
only
a few
意
为“只有一些
/
点”,
quite a
few
意为“相当多”;
a little
还可意为“有
点、稍微”。
There`s
______
cooking
oil
in
the
house.
Would
you
go
to
the
supermarket and get
______
It`s a little cold
in the water.
There is
little milk in the bottle,______ ______
4
、
all
三
者或三者以上都,指代不可数名词时谓语动词用单数,
none
三者或三者
以上都没有;
none of +
可数名词复数,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,
none
of +
不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
All of them are watching TV. All of
the work is done.
None of
these apples are/is red. None of the bread is
fresh.
5
、
p>
each
都表示“每一、每个”,强调个别,着重个性,
every
指两个或两个以上
事物中的一个;强调
全体,着重共性,指两个以上人或物中的一个。
On
______ sides of the street are a lot of colorful
flowers.
Believe
it
or
not,
______
three
seconds
a
child
in
the
world
dies
because
there`s
not
enough
fool.
That
means
about
30,000
children
die every day!(every each both all none
)
6
、
both
两者都,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数;
p>
either
两者中的
任何一个,
either
或
either of…作主语时
,谓语动词用单数,either…or…
(或者…或者,要么…要么)连接两个主语时
,谓语动词的单复数要根据离它
最近的主语的人称和数来确定,
either
用在否定句的句未,表示“也”之意;
neith
er
是
both
的反义词,两者都不,
neither
或
enither o
f…作主语谓语动
词用单数,neither…nor…(既不…也不)连接两个主语时
,谓语动词的单复
数要根据离它最近的主语的人称和数来确定。
Both
his
father
and
mother
are
here.
Either
of
the
books
is
OK.
Either
you or I am right.
______ of
them knows French, so I have to ask a third person
for help.
Neither of the two
brothers ______ been to Beijing.
----I hear a new film is on these days.
Shall we go to the cinema
together,
Lucy and Lily
---- ______
Lily ______ I will go with you because one of us
must be
at home to help our father in
the garden.
7
、
other
别的,其它的,
others
p>
别的,其它的,别人,
others=other +n. the
others=the other
+n.
;另一个,又一个;
有两个人或物,表示“一个…另一个”用
one …the o
ther…;有不定数量的
人或物,表示“一个…另一个”用
o
ne…another…;
强调确定数目中的“一个…其余的”用
one …the ot
hers…;表示许多人或
物中的“一部分…另一部分(并非全部)”用
some…others…;表示许多人
或
物
中
的
“
一
部
分
…
另
< br>一
部
分
…
其
余
的
全
部
”
用
some…some…the
others…;
----Have
you
finished
your
work
yet
----
No,
not
yet.
I
think
it
will take ______ ten
minutes.
There
are
two
books.
One
is
Lily`s,____________
is
mine.
I
don`t
like this one, show me
______ one, please.
Of
the
six
boys,
one
is
going
home,____________
are
going
to
the
cinema.
There are
lots of people in the park on Sunday. Some are
walking and
______ are climbing the
hills.
The students of Class
Two are working on the hill. Some are carrying
water, some are digging,____________
are planting trees.
人称代词和物主代词练习
一、用适当的人称代词填空:
1.
__________ is my aunt. We
often visit __________.
2.
China is a developing country.
__________ lies in the east of Asia.
3.
Professor Wang sets
__________ a good example. We must learn from
__________.
4.
What day is __________ today
- __________ is
Thursday.
5.
How far is the thunder
- __________
is three kilometers away.
6.
I own a blue bike. The red one doesn't
belong to __________.
7.
These new houses are so nice.
__________ are very expensive.
8.
__________ say that those
old houses will be rebuilt.
9.
Is __________ the milkman at the door
- Yes, that's __________.
10.
The fishermen caught a lot of fish,
didn't __________
二、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
A.
从括号内选择正确的代词填空
1. Your football clothes
are on the desk.
Please put _________(they
p>
,
them
,
th
eir
,
theirs) away.
2. (We
,
Us
,
Our
< br>,
Ours)_________ English teacher is
Mrs. Green.
We all like _________(she
,
p>
her
,
hers).
3. (I
,
Me
,
My
,
Mine)_________ can't get my
kite.