语言学练习1

I.

Directions:

Read

each

of

the

following

statements

carefully.

Decide

which

one

of

the

four

choices

best

completes

the

statement

and

choose the letter A, B, C or D.

1. The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and the

end of

.

A. tongue

B. hard palate

C. soft palate

D. vocal cords

2. The vowel [u:] in [fu:d] (food ) is a (an)

vowel.

A. back

B. front

C. unrounded

D. central

3.

is formed by a narrowing of the air passage at some point

so that the air in escaping makes a kind of hissing sound.

A. A plosive

B

. A fricative

C. An affricate

D. A lateral

4. The vowel [i:] in [fi:d] (feed) is a (an)

vowel.

A. close front unrounded

B. close back unrounded

C. open front rounded

D. close front rounded

5. Of all the speech organs, the

is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

6.

sounds

are

produced

by

a

radical

constriction

at

some

point in the vocal tract.

A. Consonantal

B. Vowel

C. Continuant

D. Voiceless

7.

The

sound

“s”

and

“z”

are

the

result

of

air

escaping

under

frication

between the tongue and

before passing through the teeth.

A. hard palate

B. uvula

C. alveolar ridge

D. soft palate

8. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back

vowel are called

vowels.

A. open

B. front

C. central

D. close

9. The vowel [i:] in [fi:d] and [u:] in [fu:d] are both

vowels.

A. open

B. close

C. rounded

D. unrounded

10. Palatal semi-vowel refers to the sound

.

A. [n]

B. [h]

C. [w]

D.

[j]

11

.

The

opening

between

the

vocal

cords

is

sometimes

referred

to

as

.

A. glottis

B. vocal cavity

C. pharynx

D. uvula

Chapter 2

Speech Sounds (Phonetics and phonology)

12. A phoneme is a group of similar sounds called

.

A. minimal pairs

B. allomorphs

C. phones

D. allophones

13.

is a combination of a plosive and a fricative.

A. A stop

B. A palatal

C. A roll

D. An affricate

14.

A

sound

pronounced

with

the

vocal

cords

vibrating

is

said

to

be

a

sound.

A. resonant

B. voiceless

C. voicing

D. consonant

15

. Conventionally a (an)

is put in slashes.

A. allophone

B. phoneme

C. phone

D. morpheme

16.

Of

the

following

sound

combinations,

only

is

permissible

according to the sequential rules in English.

A. kibl

B. bkil

C. ilkb

D. ilbk

17. All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded- lips. i. e.

rounded, EXCEPT

.

A. [a:]

B. [u:]

C. [

?

:]

D. [u]

18. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the

following phonetic features:

.

A. viewless, bilabial, stop

B. voiceless, labiodental, fricative

C. voiced, bilabial, stop

D. voiced, labiodental, fricative4

II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with

one word,the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note

that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to

change the letter given.

1. Of the three branches of phonetics, the longest established, and until

recently the most highly developed, is a

phonetics.

2. The four sounds [p],[b], [m] and [w] have one feature in common, i.e.,

they are all b ilabials

.

3.

In

English

there

is

a

number

of

d

iphthongs

,

which

are

produced

by

moving

from

one

vowel

position

to

another

through

intervening positions.

4.

The

different

phones

which

can

represent

a

phoneme

in

different

phonetic environments are called the a llophone

of that

phoneme.

5.

Obstruction

between

the

back

of

the

tongue

and

the

v

oiced

area results in the pronunciation of [k] and [g].

6.

A

vowel

is

a

voiced

sound

in

forming

which

the

air

issues

in

a

continuous

stream

through

the

p

alate

and

mouth,

there

being no audible friction.

7.

Conventionally

a

phoneme

is

put

in

slashes,

and

phones

are

placed