计算机专业英语翻译参考

计算机专业英语翻译参考

1.

(P1)

Computer

science

deals

with

the

theoretical

foundations of information and computation, together

with

practical

techniques

for

the

implementation

and

application of these foundations, such as programming

language

theory,

computational

complexity

theory,

computer graphics and human-computer interaction.

计算机科学涉及 信息和计算的理论基础，以及这些基础的

实施和应用的实际技术，如编程语言理论，计算 复杂性理

论，计算机图形学和人机交互。

2.

(P17) The most important piece of graphics hardware is

the graphics card, which is the piece of equipment that

renders

out

all

images

and

sends

them

to

a

display.

There are two types of graphics cards: integrated and

dedicated. An integrated graphics card, usually by Intel

for

use

in

their

computers,

is

bound

to

the

motherboard

and

shares

RAM

(Random

Access

Memory)

with

the

CPU,

reducing

the

total

amount

of

RAM

available.

This

is

undesirable

for

running

programs and applications that use a large amount of

video memory. A dedicated graphics card has its own

RAM and Processor for generating its images, and does

not slow down the computer. Dedicated graphics cards

also have higher performance than integrated graphics

cards.

It

is

possible

to

have

both

dedicated

and

integrated

graphics

card,

however

once

a

dedicated

graphics

card

is

installed,

the

integrated

card

will

no

longer function until the dedicated card is removed.

最重要的一块图形硬件是显卡，

是一件呈现出所有的图像，

并将它们发送到一个显示器的设备。有两种类型的显卡：

集成和专用。集成的 显卡，通常由英特尔在他们的计算机

上使用，被绑定到主板并且与中央处理器共享内存（ 随机

存取存储器）

，

减少了可用的内存 总量。

这对于使用大量视

频内存的程序和应用来说是不可取的。 专用显卡有它自己

的内存和处理器，用于生成它的图像，并且不会减慢计算

机的速度。专用显卡也比集成显卡有更高的性能。有可能

既有专门的也有集成 的显卡，

但是，

一旦安装了专用显卡，

集成显卡将不再起作用，直到专用显卡被移除。

3.

(P18) Channel I/O requires the use of instructions that

are

specifically

designed

to

perfo rm

（

执

行

）

I/O

operations.

The

I/O

instructions

address

（处理）

the

channel

or

the

channel

and

device;

the

channel

asynchronously

（异步的）

accesses

all

other

required

addressing

and

control

information.

This

is

similar

to

DMA, but more flexible. < /p>

I/O

通道需要使用专门设计来执行

I/ O

操作的指令。

I/O

指

令处理通道或通道和设备；

通道异步访问所有其他所需的

寻址和控制信息。这是类似于

DMA

，但更灵活。

4.

(P19)

调制解调器是在模拟和数字信号之间进行转换的设

备，它经常用于实现计算机之间通过电话线的互相通信。

如果两 个调制解调器可同时互相发送数据，那么它们采用

的就是全双工工作方式；如果一次只有 一个调制解调器可

以发送数据，那么它们采用的则是半双工工作方式。

< br>

Modem is a device that converts analog

（模拟）

signals

to digital signals or conversely

（相反地）

. It is often used

to

communicate

between

computers

via

（

渠

道

）

telephone

lines.

If

the

two

modems

can

send

data

to

each

other,

they

use

full-duplex

mode;

if

only

one

modem can transmit data, they use half-duplex mode.

5.

(P21)

We

many

have

defined

our

last

generation

of

computer

and

begun

the

era

of

generationless

computers. Even though computer manufacturers talk

of “fifth” and “sixth” generation computers, this talk is

more a marketing play than a reflection of reality.

我们已经定义了我们的上一代计算机，并且开始了计算机

的无代时代。即使计算机制造商谈论的“第五”和“第六”代

电脑， 这个说法比起现实的反映更像是一个营销游戏。

6.

(P21)

Although

microprocessors

are

still

technically

considered

to

be

hardware,

portions

of

their

function

are

also

associated

with

computer

software.

Since

microprocessors

have

both

hardware

and

software

aspects

they

are

therefore

often

referred

to

as

firmware.

虽然微处理器仍然在技术上被认为是硬件 ，它们的部分功

能也与计算机软件有联系。因为微处理器有硬件和软件两

个方面，因此，他们往往被称为固件。

7.

(P22)

Electronic

hardware

consists

of

inter connected

（互联的）

electronic components

（元件