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人教版高中英语必修
4
知识点讲解
必修
4
Unit1 Women of
achievement
知识点讲解
重点词汇
1. achieve
【课文原句】
She has
achieved everything she wanted to do…
(P3)
【名师点拨】
achieve v.
意为
“
完成；达到
”
< br>，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。
其名词形式为
< br>achievement
，意为
“
成就；功绩
”
，
a sense
of achievement
可指
“
成就感
”
。如：
He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense
of achievement.
2. condition
【课文原句】
She helped improve
prison conditions and gave prisoners work and
education. (P1)
【名师点拨】
condition
意
为
“
环境；境况；条件
”
时，是可数名词，常用复数形式
conditions
；
意为
“
状态；状况
”
时，是不可数名词，
be
in
good
condition
表示
“
处于良好的状态
”
，
be
out
of
condition
表示
“
健康状况不佳
”
。
如：
We should pay more
attention to the poor living under the bad
conditions.
The astronauts soon got
used to the condition of weightlessness.
My car is old but in good condition.
He is overweight and out of condition.
【知识拓展】
condition
意为
“
条件
”
时，
常用短语
on condition that
，
表示
“
如果；
在
……
条件下
”
；
在美国英语中，也经常用
under the
condition that
。如：
I will come on condition that Peter is
invited.
They agreed under the
condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
【课文原句】
She devoted all her
life to medical work for Chinese women and
children. (P1)
【名师点拨】
devote
vt.
意为
“
投入于；献身
”
，其宾语后常与介词
to
搭配，
to
后接名词、代词
或动名
词。
devote … to …
意为
“
献身；致力于
”
，指把自己、时间
、精力等奉献给某种工作或
事业。如：
He has devoted
his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died
in a traffic accident by chance.
After he has retired, he will devote
himself to gardening.
4. behave
【课文原句】
Jane
has
studied
these
animals
for
many
years
and
helped
people
understand
how
much they behave like
humans. (P2)
【名师点拨】
behave vi
& vt.
意为
“
举动；举止；行为
表现
”
，如
behave well
/ badly
等。其名词
形式为
be
haviour
，指
“
行为；态度；举
止
”
。如：
The parents encouraged the children to
behave well in front of the guests.
My
camera has been behaving well since it was
repaired.
Everyone praises the
children's good behaviour.
5.
worthwhile
【课文原句】
But the
evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
【名师点拨】
worthwhile adj.
意为
“
值得做的；
值得出力的
”
，
可作表语或定语。
be worthwhile to
do
/
doing
sth
表示
“
值得做
……”
，在动词<
/p>
-ing
形式的结构中，
worthwh
ile
有时可以用来替代
worth
，
特别是在表示
“
值得花时间
”
这一概念时。如：
I think
teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor
is worthwhile / worth reading.
6.
observe
【课文原句】
Jane spent
many years observing and recording their daily
activities. (P2)
【名师点拨】
observe vt.
意为
“
观察；
观测；
遵守
”
，
可用
observe sb do
sth
，
observe + that
从句。
其名词形式为
observation
。如：
I observed the man
who murdered the boy enter the shop.
He
observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by
direct observation of the animals’
behaviour.
7. argue
【课文原句】
She
has
argued
for
them
to
be
left
in
the
wild
and
not
used
for
entertainment
or
advertisements. (P2)
【名师点拨】
argue
作动词时，
意为
“
争论；
争吵；
争辩
”
。
argue for
意为
“
为
……
辩护
”
；
argue with
sb about / over sth
指
< br>“
就某事和某人争论
”
；
argue against
意为
“
据理反对；争辩
……”
。如：
< br>
It is no use arguing for the plan
because it has been rejected.
We are
always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely
against any increase in expenditure for the
children’s annual party.
【知识
拓展】
argue
的名词形式为
arg
ument
，意为
“
争论；争端；论证
”
，常构成短语
settle
an
argument
指
“
解决争端
”
。
9. care for
【课文原句】
It was a small book
explaining how to cut the death rate from having
and caring for
babies by following some
rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名师点拨】
care
for
可以表示
look after
的意思，意为
“
照顾；照料
”
，且较正式；也可表示
“
喜
欢
”
的意思。如：
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don’t really care for
basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，
explain
意为
“
解
释，说明
”
，后可接名词、代词、从句或
wh
+
to
do
作宾语，可用
explain
sth to sb
或
explain to sb
sth
。如：
Will you
explain to us how we can finish the work as soon
as possible?
【知识拓展】
care
about
意为
“
介意
；在乎
”
，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某
人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。
about
用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一
般省掉。
I don’t
care
about your opinion.
I don’t
care whether it rains —
I’m
happy.
10. intend
【课文原句】
I looked carefully at
the text and realised that it was intended for
women who lived in
the countryside.
(P6)
【名师点拨】
intend v.
意为
“
打算；计划；想要
”<
/p>
。
intend to do sth
意
为
“
想干某事
”
；
intend
后也
可以接动词
-ing
形式或
that
< br>从句。
intend for
表示
“
原打算给某人；准备让
……
干
……”
。如：
I
intended to come to your house last night but it
rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon.
He hadn’t really
intended that they should be there.
This gift is
intended for you.
热点语法
主谓一致用法难点小结：
一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。
1.
集合名词有
family,
team,
group,
party,
class,
public,
club,
crew,
crowd,
enemy,
audience,
company, committee, government, populat
ion
等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动
词用单
数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形
式。
即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：
My
class is a big one, including thirty boys and
thirty girls.
My class are working hard
for the coming exam.
2.
有些集合
名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：
people, the police,
the military, mankind,
cattle
等。如：
The police are searching for the lost
child.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。
不定代词
anyone,
anybody,
anything,
everyone,
everybody,
everything,
someone,
somebody,
no
one,
nobody, nothing, each, the
other
等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Everything goes well with
me.
Each of the students
in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.
三、
“
名词＋名词
”
作主语时的主谓一致。
当表示同一人物或观点时，
谓语动词用单数。
< br>如：
A novelist and playwright is
coming to our
school.
这里表示
“
一位小说家兼剧作家
”
< br>，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。
如果是
A novelist and a playwrig
ht
作主语，
这时表示
“
一位小说家和一位剧作家
”
，
是两个
人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：
A
novelist and a playwright are coming to our
school.
四、
The
＋
adj.
作主语时的主谓一致。
当
The
＋
adj.
表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The beautiful is the true.
当
The
＋
adj.
表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The rich should help the poor.
必修
4 Unit 2 Working the land
知识点讲解
Unit2
Working the land
Phrases and Idioms
1.
be satisfied
(with):
pleased because you have got
what you want
1)
Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way
the barber cut her hair.
2)
If you are not completely satisfied,
you can get your money back.
3)
I am not really satisfied with the job
you did.
2.
refer to
:
a)
mention or speak about
someone or something
b)
to look at a hook map, piece of paper,
etc, for information
1) We agreed never
to refer to the matter again.
2)
Although she didn't mention any names, everyone
knew who she was
referring to.
3) He gave the speech without referring
to his notes even once.
3.
would rather:
used to say
what someone prefers
1) It
seems you would rather play than work.
2)She would rather die than lose the
children.
3) I would rather starve than
be dependent on anyone again.
4.
thanks to sb/ sth :
because
of sb./ sth.
1) I was late
thanks to the heavy traffic.
2) It was
thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3) We've collected $$50,000 for the
poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.
5.
rid of sb/sth:
become free of
1) Will
science- finally rid us of this disease?
2) Do you think
it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons?
3) By working hard day and night, she
is trying to rid herself of loneliness and
sadness.
6.
lead a
...life:
live in the way what you life
is like
1) Before
liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.
2) If the operation succeeds, the
patient will be able to lead a normal life.
3) Mrs. Black is retired and leads a
quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.
7.
care about:
love;
be interested in; be concerned
with
1) Just listening to
somebody shows you care about them.
2)
Your parents are only doing this because they care
about you.
3) The only thing this rich-
and greedy man seems to care about is money.
8.
insist on sth/doing
sth:
to demand that something must be
done or that you must have a particular
thing
1) The
school insists on good behaviour from its
students.
2) John insisted on doing all
the work himself, though he was in poor health.
3) The old man insisted on helping me
find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need
any help.
必修
4 Unit3 A taste
of humor
知识点讲解
Unit3
重点汇集
1. content
【课文原句】
Perhaps it makes us
feel more content with our life because we feel
there is someone
else worse off than
ourselves. (P17)
【名师点拨】
content adj.
意为
“
满足的；
满意的
”
，
be content to do
意为
“
乐意去做某事
”<
/p>
；
be content
with
sb / sth
意为
“
对某人或某事
感到满意
”
，相当于
be
pleased with
或
be satisfied
with
。如：
I’m
content to help you to set up a website on the
Internet.
Those who are not
content with the progress they have made will have
greater success.
注：
worse
off
是
badly off
的比较级
，
意思是
“
境况比
……
更差
”
；
better off
意为
“
境况
比
……
好
”
。
如：
To my surprise, I found his living
conditions were much worse off than mine.
With the development of economy, more
and more people are better off.
【知识拓展】<
/p>
content
还可作动词，意为
“
使满足
”
；作名词时，表示
“
满足；心满意足
”
，也可表
示
“
（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含
量
”
。如：
My explanation seemed to content him.
Now she began to live in peace and
content.
We've discussed the unusual
form of the book
—
now, what
about the content?
2.
astonish
【课文原句】
However, some actors
can astonish us with the deep feelings they can
inspire in us for
a character they are
playing. (P17)
【名师点拨】
astonish vt
．意为
“
使大为吃惊；使惊异
”
，比
surprise
程度强，比
shock
程度弱。
如：
I was astonished to hear that the
professor had broken down because of his hard
work.
I was astonished by how much
she'd grown.
【知识拓展】
(1)
astonishing adj
．意为
“
令人惊异的
”
。如：
The astonishing news made the world
astonished, and a great many people expressed
their opinions
on the Internet.
(2) astonished adj
．指
< br>(
某人
)
处于惊异、吃惊状况，
常用
be astonished at
sth
。如：
He was
astonished at what Tom had said and done.
(3) astonishment n.
意为
“
惊讶
”
，可用
to one’s astonishment
表示
“
使某人吃惊的是
”
。如：
To my astonishment, she still
remembered my birthday.
3.
particular
【课文原句】
He became famous for
using a particular form of acting, including mime
and farce.
(P17)
【名师点拨】
particular adj.
意为
“
专指的；
特别的；
格外的；
不寻常的
”
。
be particular about / over
sth
意为
“
对某事很讲究
/
很挑剔
”
。
in particular
意为
“
特别地
”
。如：
There
was nothing in the newspaper of particular
importance.
I'm not particular about my
clothes; I don't mind what I wear.
He
talked about the ball games in general and talked
about football in particular.
What in
particular did you like about the last apartment
that we saw?
4. worn-out
【课文原句】
He played a poor and
homeless person, who wore large trousers, worn-out
shoes and a
small round black hat and
carried a walking stick. (P18)
【名师点拨】
worn-out adj.
(1)
意为
“
磨损的；损坏的；穿破的
(
用坏的以至完全无用的
)”
。如：
Since your shoes are worn-out,
why not buy another pair?
(2)
意为
“
筋疲力尽的；耗尽的
”
，相当于
be
tired out
。如：
He was worn-out after the long journey.
5. failure & overcome
【课文原句】
This character was a
social failure but he was loved by all who watched
the films for
his determination in
overcoming difficulties and being kind even when
people were
unkind to
him
．
(P18)
【名师点拨】
(1)
failure
意为
“
失败
”
时，是不可数名词；意为
“
失败者；失
败的事
”
时，是可数
名词。如：
As we all know, failure is the
mother of success.
At last,
he was a great success, while she was a failure.
To our disappointment, the party turned
out to be a failure.
(2) overcome
v.
意为
“
控制
(
感情
)
；克服
(
困难
)
；征服；战
胜
”
，可用于
to overcome
difficulties
/
obstacles /
problems / resistance
等。如：
He made great efforts to overcome the
difficulty.
They succeeded to overcome
the tallest mountain in the world.
【知识拓
展】
fail
还可作动词，意为
“
失败；不及格；无法做到
”
，可用
fail to do sth
或者
fail
in
doing sth
。如：
I failed to
persuade him to give up smoking.
= I
failed in persuading him to give up smoking.
6. in search of
【课文原句】
The film is set in
California in the middle of the nineteenth century
when gold was
discovered and thousands
of people rushed there in search of it. (P18)
【名师点拨】
in search of
意为
“
寻找
”
。类似的词组有：
in the
／
a
／
one’s search for
／
of
，
make a
search for
／
of
，在这三个短语中
search
是名词。如：<
/p>
Today, many countryside
people have rush to the city in search of good
jobs.
The researchers are in their
search for the animals which they want to
experiment with.
注意：
in
search of
中
of
不可换用
for
。
【
知识拓展】
search
还可以是作动词，意为
“
搜寻
”
，
< br>search
的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所，
即
search someplace for sth
，意为
“
搜查某地找
……”
。如：
They searched the
building for the robber.
He searched
his pockets for some change.
而
search sb for sth
意为
“
搜某人身以找到某物
”
。如：
He searched the
boy for the lost pen.
search
after
／
for = look for = hunt
for
意为
“
到处寻找
”
。如：
People
who are searching after inner peace sometimes turn
to religion.
7. pick up
【课文原句】
They wash sand from
the river in a pan of water, and expect to pick up
gold, but they
have been not fortunate
enough to find any. (P18)
【名师点拨】
pick up
意为
“
拾起；拿起
”
。
如：
He picked up his hat and
went out.
pick
up
还有其他意思：
(1)
在中途搭载承载
(
乘客、货物等
)
。如：
The bus
stopped to pick up
passengers
．
(2) (
偶然地
)
< br>发现，得到，购买；学得，得到
(
知识、利益
)
。如：
I picked up the book in a
lonely place
．
She
picked up French very quickly in France.
When you live in a country,
you soon pick up the language.
(3)
恢复，使恢复。如：
I
believe he will pick up by the seaside.
(4)
接收，收听
(
广播
)
。如：
It is easy to pick up the
programme clearly through my radio.
【知识拓展】
pick out
意为<
/p>
“
选好；选出；认出；看清楚
”
。如：
Have you picked
out the movie you want to see?
Can you
pick out your brother out from that group of
people?
8. cut off
【课文原句
Then he cuts off the
leather top of the shoe, treating it as if it were
the finest meat
．
(P18)
【名师点拨】
cut off
意为
“
切下来；剪下来
”
。如：
He cut off piece of
cloth and wrapped the wound.
cut off
还可译为
“
切断；停掉；使电话中断
”
。如：
They’ve cut off the water temporarily
because they are repairing one of the main
pipes.
It was dangerous that
our food and water supply were cut off at that
time.
We were cut off in the middle of
our telephone conversation.
Because I
failed to pay the telephone bill, the telephone
operator cut us off.
必修
4
Unit4 Body Language
知识点讲解
Unit 4
重点汇集
1. major, local & represent
【课文原句】
They
will
be
meeting
at
a
major
hotel
with
local
business
people
and
people
who
represent the Chinese government. (P25)
【名师点拨】
(1) major adj.
表示
“
主要的；较大的；重要的
”
，句中
a major hotel
意思是
“
大酒
店
< br>”
；
major
经常用作名词，
意为
“
主修课程；专业课
”
；可作动词，主要用于
major in
，意为<
/p>
“
主
修
”
。如：
Many people wish to live in a major
city.
She decided to take
computer as her major.
My friend
majored in economics at Tsinghua University.
(2) local adj.
表示
“
地方的；当地的
”
。含有
local
的常用词组：
local cust
oms
意为
“
地方风俗
”
；
local news
意
为
“
本地新闻
”
；
the local TV station
意为
“
地方电视台
”
；
the local court
意为
“<
/p>
地方法
院
”
；<
/p>
the local government
意为
“
地方政府
”
。如
:
My sister
studies at a local university.
(3) represent
在本句中是
“
代表
”
的意思，还有
“
象征；表现；描绘；扮演
”
等意思。如：
We must choose
someone to represent us.
(
代表
)
The stars in
our flag represent the States.
(
象征
)
This picture
represents a man riding a horse.
(
表现
)
【知识拓展】
meet
with <
/p>
sb
表示
“
和某
人会晤（商讨问题等）
”
。但具体句子要具体分析，有时
候可表示
“
偶然遇见
”
。如：
I met with a
friend on the train yesterday.
（偶遇）
2.
introduce
【课文原句】
You introduce them to
each other, and are surprised by what you see.
(P26)
【名师点拨】
introduce
表示
“
介绍；
引荐；
引进；
采用
”
等意思，
常和
to
连用，
即
introduce… to…
。
在本句中是
“
介绍；引荐
”
的意思。如：
Let me
introduce myself to you first.
The chairman introduced the speaker to
the audience.
【知识拓展】
introduce
的名词形式是
introduct
ion
，意为
“
介绍
< br>”
，多作不可数名词，有时候也
作可数名词；还可译为<
/p>
“
引论；导言；概论
”
< br>，是可数名词。如：
My next guest
needs no introduction (= is already known to
everyone).
Before the meeting began I
made the necessary introductions.
The
introduction in a book tells us what the book is
about.
3.
approach & touch
【课文原句】
Mr Garcia approaches
Mrs Smith, touches her shoulder and kisses her on
the cheek.
(P26)
【名师点拨】
(1) approach vt. & vi.
意为
“
接近；靠近；走近
”
。
approach
作名
词讲时，表示
“
方
法；步骤；途径；接
近
”
，用于
make
approaches to sb
，表示
“
< br>想法接近（认识）某人
”
。如：
We could just see the train approaching
in the distance.
It began to rain when
he approached his home.
The time is
approaching when we must be on board.
All approaches were blocked because of
the accident.
A new
approach should be found to solve the matter.
I am not good at making
approaches to strangers.
(2) touch
作动词讲，
意为
“
接触；
触摸
”
；
to
uch
作名词时，
除了
“
接触；
触摸
”
的意思外，<
/p>
还有
“
联
系
”
的意思。如：
Visitors are not allowed not to touch
the exhibits.
keep in touch with
同
……
保持联系
get in / into touch with
和
……
取得联系
lose touch with
< br>和
……
失去联系
be out of touch with
同
……
失去联系
4.
express
【课文原句】
…
they
also
express
their
feelings
using
unspoken
“language”
through
keeping
physical distance,
actions or posture. (P26)
【名师点拨】
express vt.
意为
“
表达；表示
”
< br>。文中
express their feelings
意为
“
表达他们的感情
”
；
express
oneself
用于表达自己的意思、思想或情感。如：
No words can express my thanks to your
help.
He can express himself in clear
English now after five years' hard learning.
【知识拓展】
express
作名词讲时，表示<
/p>
“
快车；快递；快件
”
< br>。如：
the No. 102 special
express to Beijing
开往北京的
10
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