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新概念英语第三册
Lesson5 The
facts
知识讲解
【重难点】
1
、
本课书重点词汇学习及扩充
2
、
本课书重点句型讲解
3
、
词汇辨
析:
take
、
spend
、
cost
、
pay
4
、
倒装句、过去完成时的用法
【教学目标】
1
、
掌握本课书重点词汇及句型
2
、
学会简单的倒装句、过去完成时的用法
【教学过程】
一、【生词、短语学习】
editor
n.
编辑
chief editor=editor in chief
主编
edit
vt.
编辑
-- edit magazine, edit
newspaper
edition
n.
编辑、版本
new edition
新版本、
special
edition
专刊、
limited
edition
限量版、
revised
edition
修订版
editorial
adj.
编辑的
,
主编的
n.
社论
,
评论
an edition
of
…
??
的版本
extreme
n.
极端
go to extreme(s) to
do
…
做某事走极端
-- He went to
extreme to say that the play was the best one.
--
He went to extremes to say that his girlfriend was
the most beautiful in the world.
go from one extreme to the other
从一个极端走向另一个极端
adj.
极端的、极度的、尽头的
extremely
adv.
非常、极其、极端地
Eg
:
1.
因为曾经受过不公平对待,他现在经常走极端做很多事情。
2.
用
这种方法解决那个问题是极其明智的(
wise
)。
statistics
n.
统计数字
journalist
n.
新闻记者(特指“杂志记者”、“新闻记者”
reporter
n.(
电视台
)
记者(泛指)
correspondent
<
/p>
n.(
电台
)
记
者
,
通讯员(特指“随军记者”或“驻外记者”)
president
n.
总统、主席
presidential
adj.
总统的、首长的
presidential election
总统选举
presidential candidate
总统候选人
presidential palace
总统府
颐和园
presidential
system
总统制
palace
n.
王宫;宏伟的住宅
imperial palace
皇城、皇宫
Buckingham Palace
白金汉宫(英国的王宫)
Potala Palace
布达拉宫
颐和园
水晶宫
故宫博物馆
publish
v.
出版、发表
= print(vt.), go to
press(vi.)
--
The book has already been published. = The book
has already been printed.
-- The book has gone to press.
-- They have
already published the magazine.
publishment
n.
发表、出版
fax
n.
传真
(
-- send a
fax
)
impatient
adj.
不耐烦的
patience
(
n.
耐性)
patient
(
< br>adj.
有耐心的)
pat
iently
(
adv.
有耐心地)<
/p>
imp
atience
(
n.
不耐烦)
impati
ent
(
adj.
不耐烦的)
impatie
ntly
(
adv.
不耐烦
地)
Eg
:
她耐心地照顾生病的奶奶。(用两种方法)
fire
v.
解雇(口语)
-- He was fired from his
job
dismiss
vt.
解雇(正式)
-- The
manager
(经理)
dismissed him
from his company.
sack
vt.
解雇
,
辞退(俚语
,
口语)
--
If you do it wrong again you will be sacked.
originally
adv.
起初,原先,从前
original
adj.
最初的
,
原始的
origin
n.
起源、源头、开端、出身
origin of
life
生命的起源
place of origin
原产地
country of origin
原产国
certificate of origin
原产地证书
point of origin
原点、起火点、起始点
be of +
地点、国家
+origin
来源于??
Eg
:
1.
世
界上大部分的武器(
weapon
)都来源于俄罗斯、中国和西
方国家。
2.
人们相信玉米的原产地是墨西哥。
3.
长江的源头是唐古拉山。
二、【课文学习】
What was
the consequence of the editor's insistence on
facts and statistics?
consequence
n.
结果
insistence
n.
坚持
,
坚决主张
insist
V.
坚持、主张、强调
insist on doing
sth
坚持、强调、主张做某事
=insist
that+
句子
Eg
:
1.
他坚持说我们应该执行这个计划。(用两种方法)
2.
他的主张是每个人都贡献一点力量。
1. Editors of newspapers and magazines
often go to extremes to provide their reader with
unimportant facts and statistics.
go to extremes
走极端
provide =
supply
给
...
提供(通常与
介词搭配连用)
provide sb with
sth
/
provide sth for sb
Eg
:
1.
He provided them with a bed for the night.= He
provided a bed for them for the night
2.
有人给我提供了帮助,所以我很快解决了这个问题。
2.
Last year a journalist had been
instructed by a well-known magazine to write an
article on
the president's palace in a
new African republic.
本句
= A
well-known magazine instructed a journalist to
write an article on the president's palace
in a new African republic.
African
n.
非洲人
adj.
非洲的
republic
n.
共和国
,
共和政体
the
People
’
s Republic of
China
中华人民共和国
instruct
vt.
教
,
教导
,
命令
,
指示
,
通知
instruct sb to do sth.= tell sb
formally
to do sth
正式告诉某人做某事
=order sb to do sth
instruction
n.
教导、命令、指示、用法说明
working instruction
操作说明书、工作细则
Eg
:
1.
The teacher instructed him to take the
examination.
2.
根据工作细则,这个公司的员
工每天需要工作
8
小时。
3.
我不知道该怎么打开这个机器,因为我把使用说明弄丢了。
on = about
Eg
:
a book on radio
一本关于收音机的书
a
magazine on the origin of life
一本关于生命起源的书
3. When the article arrived, the editor
read the first sentence and then refuse to publish
it.
When the article arrived =
When the editor received the article
refuse
vt.
拒绝(态度严厉)
-- I invited him to dinner, but he
refused me.
refuse to do sth
拒绝做某事
refuse sth
拒绝某物
decline
vt.
婉言谢绝、婉拒
Eg
:
1.
那位官员是个清廉的人,他拒绝了一切别人送来的礼物。
2.
因为有重要事情要做,她婉拒和我一起去音乐会。
4.
The article
began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall
which surrounds the president's
palace'.
which
指代
the high wall
surround
V.
包围、环绕
surrounded
by
被??包围
surrounding
adj.
周围的
Eg
:
1.
这座房子四周都是树木。
2.
周围的环境很糟糕,他不得不另寻实验地点。(用复合句表达)
5.
The editor at once sent the journalist
a fax instructing him
to find out the
exact number of
steps and the height
of the wall.
instructing(
现在分词作
语
)
进一步
补充说明
fax
的情况
Eg
:
He sent me a
letter instructing me to come back immediately.
6. The journalist
immediately set out to obtain these important
facts, but he took a long time
to send
them.
set out to do = decide and
try to do
决定
,
打算
,
着手做
...
= set about doing
决定
,
打算
,
着手做
...
-- He set out to make his
first 1,000,000 in 5 years.
take sb a long time to do sth
某事花了某人很久的时间
-- It took me
five days to write the article.
词汇辨析:
p>
take
、
spend
、
cost
、
pay
共同点:
以上四个单词都有“花费”的意思
不同点:
take
后面常跟双宾语,
常见用法有以下几种:
(1) It takes sb.
+时间+
to do sth.
做某事花了某人多少时间。
例:
It
took them three years to build this road.
他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb.
+时间<
/p>
,
做某事花了某人多少时间。
例:
Repairing this car took
him the whole afternoon.
他花了一下午修车。
spend
的主语必须是人,
常用于以下结构:
(1) spend time
/
money on sth.
在<
/p>
……
上花费时间(金钱)。
例:
I spent two hours on this
maths problem.
这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time
/
money (in)
doing sth.
花费时间(金钱)做某事。
例:
They spent two years (in)
building this bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
(3) spend money for sth.
花钱买
……
。
例:
His money was spent for
books.
他的钱用来买书了。
cost
的主语是物或某种活动,
<
/p>
还可以表示
“
值
”
,
常见用法如下:
(1) sth. costs (sb.)
+金钱
,
某物花了(某人)多少钱。
例:
A new computer costs a lot
of money.
买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs
(sb.)
+时间
,
某物(做某事)
花了(某人)多少时间。
例:
Remembering
these new words cost him a lot of time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
p>
注意:
cost
的过去式及过去分词都是<
/p>
cost,
并且不能用于被动句。
pay
的基本用法是:
(1) pay (sb.) money for
sth.
付钱(给某人)买
……
。<
/p>
例:
I have to pay them 20
pounds for this room each month.
我每个
月要付
20
英磅的房租。
(2) pay for sth.
付
……
的钱。
例:
I have to pay for the book
lost.
我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3) pay for sb.
替某人付钱。
例:
Do
n
’
t worry! I'll pay for you.
别担心,
我会给你付钱的。
(4) pay sb.
付钱给某人。
例
: They pay us every
month.
他们每月给我们报酬。
(
5
)
pay
money back
还钱。
例:
May I borrow 12 yuan from
you? I'll pay it back next week.
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