新课标全国卷一英语

45

分）

阅读下列短 文，从每题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B< /p>

、

C

和

D

）中，选出最佳选

项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The

Cambridge Science

Festival

(CSF)

is

pleased

to inform you

of

the

sixth

annual

Curiosity

Challenge.

The

challenge

invites,

even

dares

school

students

between

the

ages

of

5

and

14

to

create

artwork

or

a

piece

of

writing

that

shows

their

curiosity

and

how

it

inspires

them to explore their world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article,

take

a

photo

or

write

a

poem

that

shows

what

they

are

curious

about.

To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be

sent

to

the

Cambridge

Science

Festival,

MIT

Museum,

265

Mass

Avenue,

Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.

Students

who

enter the

Curiosity

Challenge

and

are

selected

as

winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on

Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the

students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student

entries

will

be

exhibited

and

prizes

will

be

given.

Families

of

those

who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will

be served.

Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given

the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge

celebration. The program guidelines and other related information

are available at: .

21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge

A. School students. B. Cambridge locals.

C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists.

22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held

A. On February 8th. B. On March 10

th

.

C. On March 15th. D. On April 21st.

23. What type of writing is this text

A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.

C. An announcement. D. An official report.

B

Passenger

pigeons

（旅鸽）

once

flew

over

much

of

the

United

States

in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th

centuries

described

flocks

（群）

so

large

that

they

darkened

the

sky

for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reach its highest

point,

there

were

more

than

3

billion

passenger

pigeons

–

a

number

equal

to

24

to

40

percent

of

the

total

bird

population

in

the

United

States,

making

it

perhaps

the

most

abundant

birds

in

the

world.

Even

as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a

flock

believed

to

be

1

mile

wide

and

320

miles

(about

515

kilometers)

long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their

undoing. Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was

an

ever-lasting

supply

and

killed

them

by

the

thousands.

Commercial

hunters

attracted

them

to

small

clearings

with

grain,

waited

until

pigeons

had

settled

to

feed,

then

threw

large

nets

over

them,

taking

hundreds

at

a

time.

The

birds

were

shipped

to

large

cities

and

sold

in restaurants.

By

the

closing

decades

of

the

19th

century,

the

hardwood

forests

where

passenger

pigeons

nested

had

been

damaged

by

Americans

’

need

for wood, which scattered

（驱散）

the flocks and forced the birds

to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms

contributed

to

their

decline.

Soon

the

great

flocks

were

gone,

never

to be seen again.

In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the

killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had

been

seen

in

the

state

for

10

years.

The

last

confirmed

wild

pigeon

in

the

United

States

was

shot

by

a

boy

in

Pike

County,

Ohio,

in

1900.

For

a

time,

a

few

birds

survived

under

human

care.

The

last

of

them,

known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological

Garden on September 1, 1914.

24.

In

the

18th

and

early

19th

centuries,

passenger

pigeons

_______.

A. were the biggest bird in the world

B. lived mainly in the south of America

C. did great harm to the natural environment

D. were the largest population in the US

25.

The

underlined

word

“

undoing

”

probably

refers

to

the

pigeons

’

_______.

A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution

26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons

A. To seek pleasure. B. To save other birds.

C. To make money. D. To protect crops.

27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan

A. It was ignored by the public.

B. It was declared too late.

C. It was unfair.

D. It was strict.

C

A

typical

lion

tamer

(

驯

兽

师

)

in

people

’

s

mind

is

an

entertainer holding a whip (

鞭子

)and a chair. The whip gets all of

the

attention,

but

it

’

s

mostly

for

show.

In

reality,

it

’

s

the

chair

that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in

fro

nt

of

the lion’s

face

, the

lion

tries

to

focus on

all four

legs

of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion

becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced

with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead

of attacking the man holding the chair.

How

often

do

you

find

yourself

in

the same

position

as

the

lion

How

often

do

you

have

something

you

want

to

achiever

.

lose

weight,

start a business, travel more)

–

only to end up confused by all of

the options in front of you and never make progress

This

upsets

me

to

no

end

because

while

all

the

experts are

busy

debating

about

which

option

is

best,

the

people

who

want

to

improve

their

lives

are

left

confused

by

all

of

the

conflicting

information.

The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re

focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less

progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn’t have to be that way.

Anytime you find the world

waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is

focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before

you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you

have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish,

someone

you

want

to

become

…

take

immediate

action.

If

you’re

clear

about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help

you get there or get out the way.

28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair

A. To trick the lion.

B. To show off his skill.

C. To get ready for a fight.

D. To entertain the audience.

29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair

A. They feel puzzled over choices.

B. They hold on to the wrong things.

C. They find it hard to make changes.

D. They have to do something for show.

30. What is the author

’

s attitude towards the experts mentioned

in Paragraph 3

A. Tolerant B. Doubtful

C. Respectful D. Supportive

31. When the world is

“

waving a chair in your face

”,

you

’

re

advised to_____.

A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits

C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance

D

As more and more people speak the global languages of English,

Chinese,

Spanish,

and

Arabic,

other

languages

are

rapidly

disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken

around the world today will likely die out by the next century,

according

to

the

United

Nations

Educational,

Scientific,

and

Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number

of

organizations-

UNESCO

and

National

Geographic

among

them

–

have

for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures

they reflect.

Mark

Turin,

a

scientist

at

the

Macmillan

Center,

Yale

University,

who

specializes

in

the

languages

and

oral

traditions

of

the

Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published

book,

A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to

the

Speakers

and

Their

Culture

,

grows

out

of

his

experience

living,

looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting

the

Tangmi

language

and

culture is just a starting

point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral

traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan,

and

China.

But

he

is

not

content

to

simply

record

these

voices

before

they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of

important

materials-

including

photographs,

films,

tape

recordings,

and

field

notes-

which

had

remained

unstudied

and

were

badly

in

need

of care and protection.

Now,

through

the

two

organizations

that

he

has

founded- the

Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project-

Turin

has

started

a

campaign

to

make

such

documents,

found

in

libraries

and

stores

around

the

world,

available

not

just

to

scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom

the

materials

were

originally to

digital

technology

and

the

widely

available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be

saved and reconnected with speech communities.

32. Many scholars are making efforts to _____.

A. promote global languages

B. rescue the disappearing languages

C. search for language communities

D. set up language research organizations.

33. What does

“

that tradition

”

in Paragraph 3 refer to

A. Having first records of the languages

B. Writing books on language searching

C. Telling stories about language users

D. Linking with the native speakers

34. What is Turin

’

s book based on

A. The cultural statics in India.

B. The documents available at Yale.

C. His language research in Britain.

D. His personal experience in Nepal.

35. Which of the following best describe Turin

’

s work

A. Write, sell and donate.

B. Record, repeat and reward.

C. Collect, protect and reconnect.

D. Design, experiment and report.