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必修五
unit5
知识点详解
1 Aid
(v)
帮助
;
援助
=help sb
帮助某人去做
…. aid sb to
do
在
…
事
帮助某人
aid sb in …
He aided me in business.
I
aided her to continue her study.
At
Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.
n.
/U/
帮助
;
援助
在某人的帮助下
with the aid of
为了帮助
… in aid
of
Teachers give their
lessons with the aid of computers.
He raised money in aid of the sick.
知识拓展：
give/offer
aid
援助
come to sb.'s aid
帮助某人
cut off aid
（突然）终止援助
a hearing aid
助听器
teaching aids
教具
medical aid
医疗救护
2. temporary
暂时的，临时的
temporary
relief from pain
短暂的解痛
temporary work/ solution
临时工作
/
解决办法
3. fall ill
fall+ adj
.(ill, asleep,
awake, sick, silent)
4
get+
过去分词
表被动或状态
The
computer got damaged when we were moving.
My bike is getting repaired now.
My glasses got broken while I was
playing basketball.
Peter and Mary got
married last year.
get done
get injured
受伤
get
dressed
穿衣服
get
damaged
遭到破坏
get changed
改变
get
married
结婚
get
infected
被感染
get
broken
被弄破
get lost
迷失，走失
5 injure v.
injury
to
sth.
…
（部位）的伤
injuries to the legs
get/be
injured
hurt
肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语）<
/p>
，疼痛
injure
意外或事故而受伤
wound
指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）
6. bleed-blood-bloody
(v.)
(n.)
(adj.)
His nose was
bleeding. = He was bleeding at the nose .=
He has a bloody nose.
他在流鼻血。
bleed for<
/p>
为
…
而流血
,
悲痛
...
.
...
.
bleed to
death
出血过多而死
lose
blood
流血、失血
flesh
and blood
血肉之躯
7.
choke
vi. & vt.
窒息
;
阻塞
She
choked with
emotion
.
她激动得说不出话来。
The
smoke
almost
choked
me.
烟呛得我几乎喘不出气
来。
At the bad news, he couldn't
choke back his tear
听到这
则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。
The
man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.
那个
男人噎了几下才喘过气来。
8. essential adj.
最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的
1)Sun and water
are
essential to
the growth of crops.
和
水是农作物生长不可缺的。
2)
It is essential for us
to
set our study goal.
我们有必要<
/p>
来设定我们的学习目标。
3)
It is essential
that
you (should) win the voter's
hearts.
赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。
-----
当用
it
充当主
语而用它充当表语时，
that
从句的
谓语动词用
should
+
动词原形
。
9. You have
three layers of skin which act as a barrier
against disease
act as
作为
….
barrier
屏障
,
障碍物
,
隔阂
You should show the ticket at the
barrier.
10. poison n./vt.
毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒
eg:1)Poisons must be put out of
children
’
s reach. 2)This
matter will
make some poison
to
the crops.
这种物质会
对庄稼造成毒害。
3)Books of this
kind can make poison to children.
4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.
5)The polluted water in the river
poisoned people here.
污
染了的河水使
这儿的人中毒。
-----poisonous
adj.
有毒
(
害
)
的
eg:
This
medicine
is
poisonous
if
taken
in
large
quantities.
t…against/
from…
保
< br>护
…
不
受
…
的
损害
prevent…from doing
阻止．
．
．
protect your eyes from strong light
prevent them from getting married
stop sb. (from) doing
keep
sb. from doing
12. sense (n. & v.)
five senses
：
sense of smell
sense of hearing
the sixth sense
sense of touch
sense of sight
sense of taste
.
.
.
.
sense of humour
、
duty
、
direction
如：
Edward suffered from a
mild heart attack.
The man has no
common sense . (
无常识
)
2) mild
还可以表示
“
温和的、暖和的；味淡的
”
What he said
made no
sense
.(
没道理
)
如：
She’s the mildest person I
have ever met in my life.
sense (v.)
感觉到
a mild
climate
温暖的天气
Although she didn’t
sa
y anything, I sensed that
she didn’t
18.
词语辨析
:
like the
idea.
electric
电的
,
发电的
,
由电产生的
,
用于导电的
.
as
you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it
electrical
有关电的
,
与电有关的
.
can be very
serious
.
electri
city
电
,
电力
.
电力学
as
引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的容，有
“
正
vt./vi.
Swell
swelled/
swelled
swollen
使膨
如
……”
或
“
就象
……”<
/p>
的意思；它所引
胀，使
(
力量，数目等
)
增长，使壮
大，
的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
1) The wind swelled the sails.
风使船帆鼓起。
as we all
know
= as
is known to all
2) His injured wrist began
to swell (up).
他那受伤的手腕
as
we
expect
= as
is
expected
开始肿起。
as
everybody can see
Her face swelled up
with toothache.
as you can imagine
3)
The wind
swelled into a storm.
s
不同的，各种各样的
a small business swelled into a big
company.
There are various
colors to choose from.
4)
Never
swell
with
pride
when
you
make
some
vary
vi 1.
～
(in sth)-
size, volume, strength, etc(
体积、
< br>容
contributions.
有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。
积、力量等
)
呈现不同
swell with
pride/anger
得意洋洋、怒气冲冲
15. vary
～
(with
sth);
～
(from sth to sth)
The doctor examined the
swelling
on my back.
Prices
vary with seasons.
物价随季节而变动
swollen
adj.
肿胀的
Her mood varied from optimism to
extreme depression.
His
eyelid is swollen.
他眼皮肿了。
variety
n.
变化，多样性，种类
We all need variety in our diet.
stick sth. to sth.
粘住
The shopping
center sells a variety of goods
Stick
the glue to my fingers.
a
variety
of+
名词
,
谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一
stick
to sth/doing sth
坚持
致
=various
stick
to one’s view
坚持自己的观点
on
取决于
,
依赖
,
依靠
,
信赖
,
信任
21. jewellery=jewelry
珠宝
(
总称
)
不可数
His whole
family depends on him
jewel
可数，珠宝，珍视的人、物
He
is a man to be depended on. dependent
( adj. )
She appeared at the reception wearing
her finest jewels.
dependence (
n.
)
She locked
her jewels in the jewellery box.
independent ( adj. )
independence (n.)
burns
immediately
with
cool
but
not
icy
17. mild-
milder-mildest-mildly
water.
Examples
include
mild
sunburn
and
burns
caused
by
-y
是个形容词后缀。如：
touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a
moment.
windy
有风
hilly
多小山的
1)
轻微的、不严重的
”
。
sleepy
困倦的
greeny
略呈绿色的
spicy
辛辣的
woody
树木茂密的
23.
unbearable
不能忍受的
un
—
不能
…
.,
无法
….
unforgettab
le
unwilling
unusual
uncertain
unfair
unfit unbelievable unfortunate
uncomfortable
24. squeeze
挤；压；塞
squeeze
sth. into sth.
把
……
塞进
squeeze sth. from/ out of sth.
挤出
squeeze
through
挤过
squeeze sth. out of sb.
敲诈
/
逼某人说出
/
拿出
He squeezed
everything into a suitcase.
She watched
her grandma squeeze the juice out of a lemon
attentively
Those blackmailers intended
to squeeze more money out of
him.
那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多钱。
...
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
I’ll never give in to you,
and you can squeeze nothing out of me
The little boy is squeezing the
toothpaste from the tube into the toothbrush
25. over and over again
again and again /over and again /many
times/repeatedly/from time to time/now and
then/now and again/At times
26. Hold
the bandage in place with
tape.
用胶布把绷带固定。
in
place
在适当的地方。如：
The librarian put the returned books in
place.
图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。
You’d better put things back in
place.
你最好把你的东西放回原位。
Her dress was
out of
place
at the ceremony.
（不得体
,
不适当）
in
place
还有
“
准备就绪
”
的意思。如：
The arrangements for the concert next
Saturday are all in
place.
周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。
1.
倾泻
,
涌流
1.
倒
,
灌
,
注
The crowd poured out of the concert
hall.
人群从音乐厅
She poured
herself another cup of tea.
她为自己又倒了
涌出来。
一杯茶。
Sweat poured from Martin's face.
马丁脸上汗如雨下。
2.
倾注
;
大量投入
;
大量生产
2.
斟茶
They have poured money into the tourist
industry.
他们
Shall I pour?
我来斟茶好吗
?
已经把大笔钱投入了旅游业。
3 (
雨
)
倾盆而降
(+down)
3
倾吐
,
诉说
The rain poured steadily down.
大雨不停地倾盆而下。
She often pours her troubles to
friends.
她经常向朋友们
Pour cold
water on/over
对
…
泼冷
水
倾诉自己的苦恼。
Pour oil on the
flames
火上浇油
不及物动词
vi.
Pour oil on troubled
waters
平息风波
Will you do me the honor of dining with
me?
可否赏光
Reading2
和我一起吃饭？
1 award,
reward, prize
in sb’s /sth’s
honor
出于对
…
的敬意
award
指
正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予
；也可以
We are planning a big Christmas party in your
honor.
指法庭裁决给予。如：
i
n honor of…
，为纪念
…
，为庆祝
…
The
school
principal
awarded
a
prize
in
history
to
the
A monument was built in honor of the
heroes who gave
best student.
up their lives during the war.
reward“
报答，
报偿，
奖赏
”
，
表示由于做了某事而应该
v.
给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）
得到的东西。如：
1 honor
sb/sth
（
with
sth
）
The fireman
received a reward for saving the child's life.
The President honored us with a
personal visit.
prize “
奖赏，
奖金，
奖品
”
，<
/p>
尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。
2
be
honored for…
因
…
而受到尊敬
如：
Dr Bethune
was honored for his selfless work.
Hundreds
of
prizes
can
be
won
in
our
newspaper
3 be/feel honored
that…
很荣幸能做
…
competition.
I
am honored that you should notice me.
4 be/feel honored to do
很荣幸能做
…
。
n. (U)
荣誉，尊敬
;
名誉
I am honored to be
here with you.
能和你在这里我感到
It’s
a
point
of
honor
with
me
to
reply
all
my
debts
很荣幸。
promptly.
3 present
v.
(C)
引以为荣的人
/
事，只用单数。
Joan
was presented with his award at a ceremony which
The successful launch of the “Shenzhou
VI” is an honor
recognized the bravery
of the life of another.
to our country.
1).
赠送
do sb an honor /the honor
（
of doing
sth
）
使某人有特
present
+ sth. +to +sb.
把某物送给某人
殊的荣幸
,
赏光
present + sb. +with sth.
赠送某人某物
...
.
...
.