-
流程图
流程图
6
点参考要领：
1.
找到流程图的过程，起点，终点。
2.
找到图上标出的已知动作，如果出现生词，尽量猜测。无
词，用自己的语言。
3.
按照步骤，分段描述，千万不能省略任何一步。
4.
切记
!
加入流畅合理的表示顺序的关联词。
5.
< br>句型以主动为主，
搭配被动，
以及主语从句
(
例如：
It can be seen from
the graph that…)
。
6.
时态要使用一般现在时。
例文分析
1
：
The diagram shows the
stages in the process of making chocolate.(
所有的小作文第一句话
都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：
process
整个过程
;stage
阶段
;step
步骤
)
Chocolate comes from the cacao tree,
which is grown in parts of South America, Africa
and
Indonesia.(
开头不能一上来就直接介绍<
/p>
cacao tree,
而是通过主题词
chocolate
引出，
否则显
得太
唐突
)
【流程图
特点之一
：介绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流程图
特点之二：
大量使用
定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图
特点之
三
：大量使用被动语态】
The tree
produces large red pods which contain
white cocoa beans.
【流程图
特点之四
：使用一些表
示顺序的连接词】
when
the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans
are removed and
they are fermented for
several days in large wooden boxes.(
三个句
子的并列：
“
句子
A,
句
子
B and
句子
C”
。
)During the
fermenting process, the beans turn brown.
【流程图
特点之
五
：
要适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的一些内容，
否则可
能达不到
字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣分】
Next, the brown beans are
spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in
large sacks and
transported by train or
lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a
chocolate factory where
they are
roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250
and 350 degree Celsius.
After being
roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell
is removed. This part is not
needed for
making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the
bean is pressed and liquid
chocolate is
produced.
【流程图
特点之六
：一般不需要写总结】
例文分析
2
：
The process by which bricks
are manufactured for the building industry can be
outlined in
seven consecutive steps.
First the raw material, clay, which was just below
the surface of
soil in certain clay-
rich areas has to be dug up by a digger.
Then the lumps of clay are placed on a
metal grid in order to break up the big chunks of
clay into much smaller areas, which
fall through the metal grid onto a roller, whose
motion
further segregates the bits of
clay. Sand and water are added to make a
homogenous
mixture, which is then
either formed in moulds or cut into brick-shaped
pieces by means of
a wire cutter.
Those fresh bricks are then kept in a
drying oven for at least 24 and a maximum of 48
hours, several dozens if not hundreds
of bricks at a time. The dried bricks are then
transferred to a so-called kiln,
another type of high temperature oven. First they
are kept
at a moderate temperature of
200
℃
-1300
℃
. This process is followed
by cooling down
the finished bricks for
48 to 72 hours in a cooling chamber.
Once the bricks have cooled down and
have become hard, they get packaged and
delivered to their final destination,
be it a building site or storage.
(215
words)
【考官评语】
Band 9
This response fully
satisfies the requirements of the task. All key
features of each stage of
the process
are appropriately and accurately presented. An
excellent overview is given at
the
beginning of the response and this skilfully
incorporates part of the rubric, changing
the grammatical function, to give a
brief summary of the whole process. The message is
very easy to read, with seamless
cohesion that attracts no attention. Paragraphing,
linking
and referencing are all
skilfully managed. The language used is very
fluent and
sophisticated. A wide range
of vocabulary and structures are used with full
flexibility and
accuracy. Only rare
minor ?slips? can be found and these do not
detract from the hi
gh
rating.
例文分析
3
：
下面是剑桥
6
的
test 3
考到的流程图，
考官给的范文。
范文中有两步考官直接就写成一步，
本来是
3-8
天和
16
天两
个时间段，缩成了
3
个星期，大家写的时候可以分别写，不用写
这
么精练。范文：
The first diagram shows that there are
four main stages in the life of the silkworm.
第一个图显示了，在蚕的生命过程中主要有四步。
First
of all, eggs are produced by the
moth
and it takes ten days for each egg to become a
silkworm larva that feeds on
mulberry
leaves.
首先，蛾子产出卵，每个卵用
10
天的时间变成蚕的幼虫，
他们以桑叶
为食。
This stage lasts for up
to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of
silk
thread around itself.
这
个阶段持续最多到六个星期，直到幼虫周围生产出茧（
silk
thread
）
. After a
period of about three weeks, the adult moths
eventually emerge
from these cocoons
and the life cycle begins again.
经过三个星期的一段时间之后，
成年
的蛾子最终从茧里面出来，这个生命的循环就再一次开始了。
The cocoons are the raw material used
for the production of silk cloth.
茧是生产
丝绸的原材料。
Once selected, they
are boiled in water and the thread can be
separated
in the unwinding stage.
一旦被挑选出来，他们在水里煮沸，丝可以在打开的阶段中被分
离出来。
Each thread is between
300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be
twisted together, dyed and then used to
produce cloth in the weaving stage.
每条丝是
300
到
< br>900
米长，这就意味着，他们能够被缠绕在一起，染色，然后在织布阶段被用于
生产布
品。
Overall,
the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the
silk worm can be used to
produce silk
cloth through a very simple process.
范文总结：
1
．
163
个字。
2
．
使用了很多合适的关联词，见阴影部分。
3
．
主要是简单的并列句。
4
．
句型，搭配了一些被动语态。
5
．
动词使用丰富：
produce, feed on,
last, emerge, select, boil, separate, unwind,
twist (
多数原词带入
)
6
．
名词比较专业：
life cycle, raw
material.
雅思流程图的重点词汇解析：
表述时间：
in 10 days
during the period of 10 days
The process lasts for up to 10 days
after 10 days
10 days passed
until something happened.
表示然后：
then, next, in the next
state, following that, after that, the next step
in the stage
is ....
表示过程：
process, procedure,
formation, development
表示步骤：
step, stage, phase
时间阶段：
after a period of
…months/days/minutes, during…
顺序连词：
first, first of all, in
the first stage, initially, to begin with
second, then, next, also
after that, at the same time, in the
meantime, meanwhile
prior to, until
the first stage involves … / in the
second stage / in the t
hird stage /
in the last stage / The next step in
the stage is that…
目的连词：
in order to / in order
that; so as to / so that
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